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The National Liberation Army, also known as the Macedonian UÇK, was an ethnic Albanian militant militia that operated in the Republic of Macedonia in 2001 and was closely associated with the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA). Following the 2001 insurgency in Macedonia, it was disarmed through the Ohrid Framework Agreement, which gave greater rights and autonomy to the state's Macedonian Albanians.
Lipkovo is a municipality in the north part of North Macedonia. Lipkovo is also the name of the village where the municipal seat is found. Lipkovo Municipality is part of the Northeastern Statistical Region.
The 2001 insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia was an armed conflict which began when the ethnic Albanian National Liberation Army (NLA) insurgent group, formed from veterans of the Kosovo War and Insurgency in the Preševo Valley, attacked Macedonian security forces at the end of January 2001, and ended with the Ohrid Agreement, signed on 13 August of that same year. There were also claims that the NLA ultimately wished to see Albanian-majority areas secede from the country, though high-ranking members of the group have denied this. The conflict lasted throughout most of the year, although overall casualties remained limited to several dozen individuals on either side, according to sources from both sides of the conflict. With it, the Yugoslav Wars had reached the Republic of Macedonia which had achieved peaceful independence from Yugoslavia in 1991.
The Battle of Tetovo, was the largest engagement during the 2001 insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia, in which Macedonian security forces battled the National Liberation Army (NLA) for control of the city.
Fadil Nimani was a Kosovar Albanian insurgent commander of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) during the Kosovo War and the National Liberation Army (NLA) during the 2001 insurgency in Macedonia, in which the Albanian population sought independence of Albanian-inhabited areas in FR Yugoslavia and Macedonia, respectively.
The Battle of Vaksince was a military engagement between the Macedonian security forces and Albanian insurgents belonging to the NLA, which was at the time launching a campaign of guerrilla attacks against facilities of the Macedonian Government, the Macedonian Police force, and the Macedonian Armed Forces.
The Aračinovo crisis was a series of events triggered by the occupation of the village of Aračinovo, in the outskirts of the Macedonian capital Skopje, by the insurgent National Liberation Army (NLA) in June 2001 and the consequent attempts by the Macedonian army (ARM) to retake the settlement. The Macedonian attack resulted in a standoff with NATO, whose troops evacuated the besieged rebels after a ceasefire accord. The crisis is considered to be the turning point in the Macedonian war of 2001, and one of its most controversial incidents.
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Operation MH-1 was a Macedonian military operation with the goal to clear out the NLA rebels from the Skopska Crna Gora region all along the Macedonian border. The offensive started on March 28, 2001, and ended the next day.
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The Battle of Slupčane was a military confrontation between the Macedonian security forces and Albanian insurgents belonging to the National Liberation Army (NLA), which at the time, was launching a campaign of guerrilla attacks against facilities of the Macedonian Government, the Macedonian Police force, and the Macedonian Armed Forces. The NLA was victorious, in part due to the withdrawal of Macedonian forces and suspension of all military operations in Kumanovo–Lipkovo region so that international officials could inspect the water supply.
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Beqir Sadiku also known as Commander Sllupçani, was an Albanian commander and prominent fighter of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) and the National Liberation Army (NLA). He played a significant role in the Kosovo War, the Insurgency in the Presevo Valley, and the Insurgency in Macedonia (2001). As a commander he participated in numerous battles such as the Battle of Paštrik, the Battle of Slupčane and the Battle of Aračinovo.
The Battle of Lojane was an apparent military engagement between the Macedonian security forces and Albanian insurgents belonging to the NLA. The occurrence of a battle in the village remains uncertain, as per Stevo Pendarovski, the former interior ministry spokesman. According to him, Macedonian forces faced no opposition from the NLA, as the village had been deserted by both the NLA and Albanian civilians before the Macedonian Army and police forces entered.
Harun Aliu, known as Commander Kushtrimi, was an Albanian commander and co-founder of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) during the Kosovo War and the National Liberation Army (NLA) during the 2001 insurgency in Macedonia, who later became a politician in Macedonia. He was killed in a shootout near Raduša with the Macedonian police on 12 May 2010.
References
- 1 2 3 Nemanja Džuverović; Věra Stojarová, eds. (2022). Peace and Security in the Western Balkans: A Local Perspective. Taylor & Francis. p. 73. ISBN 9781003276661.
- ↑ "That's the police station, that was". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613 . Retrieved 2023-09-10.
- ↑ Jeffries, Ian (2002-05-16). The Former Yugoslavia at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century: A Guide to the Economies in Transition. Routledge. p. 256. ISBN 978-1-134-46050-2.
Macedonia yesterday [1 March] ratified a long-awaited border treaty with Serbia, in spite of tensions over the occupation of a mountain village by ethnic Albanian extremists from Kosovo. The takeover at Tanusevci, close to the border with Serbia, poses the most serious threat to Macedonia's stability since the Kosovo conflict …
- ↑ Škariḱ, Svetomir (2002). Law, Force and Peace: Macedonia and Kosovo. Tri D. p. 626. ISBN 978-9989-677-03-8.
- ↑ Gall, Carlotta (2001-03-08). "NATO Troops Help Macedonians Drive Away Ethnic Albanian Rebels". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved 2023-09-10.
- ↑ Gall, Carlotta (2001-03-10). "Rebel Ambush Traps Macedonian Police and 2 Officials". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved 2023-09-10.
- ↑ Robert Elsie (2004). Historical Dictionary of Kosova. Scarecrow Press. p. xlix. ISBN 978-0-8108-5309-6.
- ↑ Boudreaux, Richard (2001-03-27). "Both Sides in Macedonia Hold Out Hope for Peaceful End". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2023-09-10.
- ↑ Archives, L. A. Times (2001-03-29). "Macedonia Hits Rebels Near Kosovo Border". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2023-09-10.
- ↑ "In brief". The Guardian. 15 April 2001.
- ↑ "8 soldiers slain in ambush near Albanian region". Chicago Tribune. 2001-04-29. Retrieved 2023-09-10.
- ↑ "CNN.com - NATO slams Macedonia rebel attacks - June 7, 2001". edition.cnn.com. Retrieved 2023-09-10.
- ↑ Phillips, John (2004-01-01). Macedonia: Warlords and Rebels in the Balkans. Yale University Press. p. 113. ISBN 978-0-300-10268-0.
In late May, government forces registered their first success with the recapture of Vaksince, which was visited by Ljube Boskovski, the Interior Minister. Government forces were supposed to resume their attack on the villages of Slupcane, Lipkovo and Matejce, but the offensive stalled when a special forces unit mutinied and had to be withdrawn from the front line.
- ↑ "Macedonia rebels die in clashes". CNN. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
- ↑ "Macedonia seizes rebel villages". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on 4 November 2022. Retrieved 2023-01-25.
- ↑ Archives, L. A. Times (2001-05-26). "Rebels Forced From Sites, Macedonia Says". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 16 December 2022. Retrieved 2023-01-25.
- ↑ "MACEDONIA:THE CONFLICT AND THE MEDIA" (PDF). Macedonian Institute for Media.
Fighting around Matejce lasted from May 28 until June 5. The first sign that the battle against the UCK was not going well came when the Macedonian forces were finally forced to retreat.
- ↑ Krzak, Andrzej (2014-07-26). "Asymmetry of the Albanian‑Macedonian Military Conflict in 2001: Military characteristics of the fight in the regions of Tetovo , Kumanovo , Aračinovo and Vaksince". Politeja. 11 (4 (30)): 295–316. doi: 10.12797/Politeja.11.2014.30.23 . ISSN 2391-6737.
The fighting of Albanians ended up with a success in the region of Kumanovo. The Albanian rebels, concerning the inaction of the government forces, took control of the area from the Matejche (Matejce) village to the Lipkovo Lake. As a result, their posi-tions allowed to observe the region of the capital of Macedonia – Skopje.
- ↑ "Ceasefire agreed in Macedonia". 2001-06-24. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
- ↑ "Analysis: Macedonian truce prospects". 2001-07-05. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
- ↑ "Ten Macedonian troops die in ambush | World news | The Guardian". TheGuardian.com . 2018-06-16. Archived from the original on 2018-06-16. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
- ↑ "CNN.com - Soldiers killed in Macedonia blast - August 10, 2001". edition.cnn.com. Retrieved 2023-09-14.