Titus Romilius Rocus Vaticanus | |
---|---|
Consul of the Roman Republic | |
In office 1 August 455 BC [1] –31 July 454 Servingwith Gaius Veturius Cicurinus | |
Preceded by | Marcus Valerius Maximus Lactuca,Spurius Verginius Tricostus Caeliomontanus |
Succeeded by | Spurius Tarpeius Montanus Capitolinus,Aulus Aternius Varus |
First College of Decemvirs | |
In office 451 BC –450 BC | |
Preceded by | Appius Claudius Crassus,Titus Genucius Augurinus |
Succeeded by | Second College of Decemvirs |
Personal details | |
Born | Unknown Ancient Rome |
Died | Unknown Ancient Rome |
Titus Romilius Rocus Vaticanus was a Roman politician in the 5th century BC,consul in 455 BC,and decemvir in 451 BC.
He was the only member of the patrician family to become consul. The gens Romilia disappears after him in the ancient accounts. [2] He was the grandson of a Titus Romilius and the son of a Titus Romilius,his complete name being Titus Romilius T.f. T.n. Rocus Vaticanus. [3] The cognomenVaticanus which he carried shows that the term was used at least as far back as the 5th century BC. [4] He might be the founder of the tribus Romilia which included several immigrant districts. [5] [6]
In 455 BC,he was elected consul with Gaius Veturius Cicurinus. [7] [3] They issued orders during a period of high tension between the patricians and the plebeians. The tribunes of the plebs,representatives of the people,demanded in vain for many years that the power of the consuls be limited in written law. The Lex Terentilia,first drafted in 462 BC,was deferred each year by the tribunes who tirelessly proposed numerous identical drafts of the law.
The Latin city of Tusculum needed Roman aid against the Aequi who had pillaged their lands. The two consuls levied an army, [3] consisted primarily of patricians,but also of some plebeian volunteers, [8] to defend the Tusculan allies. Among the plebeians was Lucius Siccius Dentatus,who openly supported the legal drafts contested by the patricians. In response,Titus Romilius chose Lucius Siccius for a perilous mission. When Siccius protested regarding the risks of the mission,the consul interrupted and imposed silence. [8] This anecdote,delivered by Dionysius of Halicarnassus but ignored by Livy,allowed Dionysius to illustrate by example the tense relationship between the patricians and the plebeians,the superiority in social status,and the authority of the former over the later. [8] [9] Lucius Siccius Dentatus survived and was elected tribune of the plebs in 454 BC. [8] [10] The Aequi were defeated near Mount Algidus. The public treasury was then exhausted,and so the consuls decided to sell the abundant spoils (praeda),which would otherwise be rewarded to the soldiery. Essentially,this limited the gains of the plebeians who had volunteered. [11]
In the wake of their decision,Gaius Veturius and Titus Romilius were taken to court by the plebeian aedile Lucius Alienus and by the tribune of the plebs,Gaius Calvus Cicero,in early 454 BC. [12] The testimony of Lucius Siccius Dentatus implicated Titus Romilius,but Siccius retracted his testimony when the old consul offered to send an ambassador to the Greek cities as a sign of appeasement during political tensions. [12] Nevertheless,Titus Romilius was found guilty and ordered to pay a considerable indemnity of 10,000 asses. This proved impracticable,and so a law was passed allowing the indemnity to be satisfied by an equivalent value in cattle and bronze. [13]
In 451 BC, Titus Romilius was part of the First Decemvirate which wrote the first written laws of Rome and whose government lasted one year and acted in moderation. [14] [15] [16]
Lucius Minucius Esquilinus Augurinus was a Roman politician in the 5th century BC, consul in 458 BC, and decemvir in 450 BC.
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Lucius Siccius or Sicinius Dentatus is a supposed Roman soldier, primus pilus, and tribune, famed for his martial bravery. He was cast as a champion of the plebeians in their struggle with the patricians. His cognomen Dentatus means "born with teeth". His exploits are likely fictitious.
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The gens Veturia, originally Vetusia, was an ancient patrician family of the Roman Republic. According to tradition, the armourer Mamurius Veturius lived in the time of Numa Pompilius, and made the sacred ancilia. The Veturii occur regularly in the Fasti Consulares of the early Republic, with Gaius Veturius Geminus Cicurinus holding the consulship in 499 BC. Like other old patrician gentes, the Veturii also developed plebeian branches. The family declined in the later Republic, with the last consular Veturius holding office in 206 BC, during the Second Punic War.
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Servius Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus was a Roman politician in the 5th century BC, consul in 461 BC and decemvir in 451 BC.
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The gens Publilia, sometimes written Poblilia, was a plebeian family at ancient Rome. Members of this gens are first mentioned in the early decades of the Republic. The lex Publilia passed by Volero Publilius, tribune of the plebs in 471 BC, was an important milestone in the struggle between the patrician and plebeian orders. Although the Publilii appear throughout the history of the Republic, the family faded into obscurity around the time of the Samnite Wars, and never again achieved positions of prominence in the Roman state.
The gens Romilia or Romulia was a minor patrician family at ancient Rome. Members of this gens are mentioned in the time of the Roman monarchy, and again in the first century of the Republic. Titus Romilius Rocus Vaticanus was consul in 455 BC, and subsequently a member of the first Decemvirate in 451. From this time, the Romilii fell into obscurity for centuries, only to appear briefly in imperial times. A number of Romilii are known from inscriptions.
Gaius Veturius Cicurinus was a Roman consul in 455 BC with Titus Romilius Rocus Vaticanus. His term saw continued divisions between the plebeians and the patricians. His father was named Publius Veturius Cicurinus, possibly identifying him with the consul of 499 BC.
Publius Lucretius Tricipitinus was a consular tribune of the Roman Republic in 419 and 417 BC.