Tony Briffa (politician)

Last updated

Tony Briffa
Born
Antoinette Briffa

1970 (age 53–54)
Altona, Victoria, Australia
Known forFirst known intersex and non-binary mayor, LGBTIQ human rights activist, queer person, educator and public speaker.
Television60 Minutes (2000 & 2005) [1]
7.30 Report (2013) [2] ”Queerstalia” (2023) [3]
Website briffa.org OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg

Tony Briffa (legal and birth name Antoinette Briffa) is a Maltese- Australian [4] politician who is notable for being the world's first known intersex and non-binary mayor and public officeholder. [5]

Contents

Briffa has partial androgen insensitivity syndrome, [6] and is mayor of the City of Hobsons Bay, Victoria. [7] [8]

Briffa was raised as a girl, then lived for a time as a man, and now chooses to live as both female and male. [2] [6] [9] Briffa is one of the first people to be public about their experience of being mistreated by doctors as a result of their intersex variation, and about intersex human rights. [2] [9] [10]

Early life

Tony Briffa was born in Altona, Victoria with partial androgen insensitivity syndrome. In an article on SBS News, Antoinette explained that she had her first surgeries when she was just a baby and had further procedures including the removal of healthy gonads. She also explains that she was born with a female body including female genitalia. [11]

Speaking to a 2013 Australian Senate inquiry into the Involuntary or coerced sterilisation of intersex people in Australia, Briffa describes how doctors "convinced my mother to approve me to be castrated" (i.e. the removal of her internal testes without her consent):

"I have a few pages here from my medical records...It says: 'Mother now ready for gonadectomy.' ... The histology reports, which I will also tender, show that they were healthy testes. But there was no Family Court approval. If we are talking about coercion, doctors coerce families, parents, into believing by saying: 'We need to remove these testes because it will make your child normal'... Of course, part of the whole sterilisation thing is that you have pretty big surgery and scars, so they are making you different! ... [and surgery is] usually over the summer holidays, so your summers are spent in hospital". [12]

Career

Briffa has worked in positions with the Department of Defence and the Australian Federal Police. [13] Briffa is the world's first openly intersex public mayor, [14] and "the first known intersex public office-bearer in the Western world", [15] serving as Deputy Mayor of the City of Hobsons Bay, Victoria, between 2009 and 2011, and Mayor between 2011 and 2012. [14] [15] [5] [16] [17] Briffa resigned as a local councillor on 14 February 2014, effective on the appointment of a successor. [18] [19] In October 2016, Briffa was re-elected to Hobsons Bay City Council. [7]

Briffa has previously served as the President of the Genetic Support Network of Victoria, Board Member and Secretary of ILGA World, Co-executive director of Intersex Human Rights Australia (formerly OII Australia) [20] and long term President of Intersex Peer Support Australia (formerly the Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome Support Group Australia;. [21] Briffa was also a Foster Carer of several children, a member of numerous Victorian Government Ministerial Advisory Committees since 2001, a current member of the Victorian Government LGBTIQ Taskforce. She is also the Co-chair of the Victorian Government's Intersex Expert Advisory Group. [22]

Selected bibliography

Personal life

Birth certificate

Tony Briffa's original and current birth certificate recognises her sex as female, but she had previously obtained a birth certificate with a blank sex classification. [6] [10] [23] [24] Speaking to the Senate hearing on intersex sterilisation in March 2013, Briffa said: [10]

My birth certificate, from the state of Victoria, does not classify me as male or female. I have certainly had a female birth certificate, I had a male birth certificate at one stage and I have a blank birth certificate now. But we are hoping that one day in the future our birth certificates will actually be able to reflect, for those who want it, the way nature made us. If people feel female that is great, and if they feel male that is great, but there are also people like me: I just accept the way nature made me. I am happy for my birth certificate to say that I am both male and female. One day, hopefully, we will have that as well.

Identity

Briffa made the following statement: "I am very public about being born biologically partially female and partially male and that I was raised as a girl and lived as a woman until I was 30. I ask all my friends and colleagues to respect my sex as what nature made me; both female and male." [16] On their website Briffa posted:

“I feel very comfortable having accepted my true nature. I am not male or female, but both. I am grateful for the years I lived as a woman and the insight and experiences it gave me. I am still ‘Antoinette’ and have now also incorporated and accepted my male (‘Anthony’ or ‘Tony’) side. I feel whole. I’ll continue to live as Tony but I feel I am now at a point in my life where I can celebrate being different.” [25]

Marriage

Legal issues presented by Tony Briffa's non-specific birth certificate meant that Briffa could not lawfully marry in Australia until late 2017. On 27 September 2013, Tony Briffa married Manja Sommeling in Dunedin, New Zealand. [26] [27] Intersex Human Rights Australia notes: [24] [28]

Tony was born in Victoria with Partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (PAIS), one of many intersex variations, and Tony's birth certificate does not state a sex. Marriage in Australia is currently only permissible between a man and a woman, and Tony is not eligible. Tony is able to marry in New Zealand because legislation providing marriage equality was passed earlier this year. Tony has had to declare an "indeterminate" gender for the purposes of today's marriage. [24]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Organisation Intersex International</span>

The Organisation Intersex International (OII) is a global advocacy and support group for people with intersex traits. According to Milton Diamond, it is the world's largest organization of intersex persons. A decentralised network, OII was founded in 2003 by Curtis Hinkle and Sarita Vincent Guillot. Upon Hinkle's retirement, American intersex activist Hida Viloria served as Chairperson/President elect from April 2011 through November 2017, when they resigned in order to focus on OII's American affiliate, OII-USA's transition into the independent American non-profit, the Intersex Campaign for Equality.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Partial androgen insensitivity syndrome</span> Medical condition

Partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS) is a condition that results in the partial inability of the cell to respond to androgens. It is an X linked recessive condition. The partial unresponsiveness of the cell to the presence of androgenic hormones impairs the masculinization of male genitalia in the developing fetus, as well as the development of male secondary sexual characteristics at puberty, but does not significantly impair female genital or sexual development. As such, the insensitivity to androgens is clinically significant only when it occurs in individuals with a Y chromosome. Clinical features include ambiguous genitalia at birth and primary amenhorrhoea with clitoromegaly with inguinal masses. Müllerian structures are not present in the individual.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Disorders of sex development</span> Medical conditions involving the development of the reproductive system

Disorders of sex development (DSDs), also known as differences in sex development, diverse sex development and variations in sex characteristics (VSC), are congenital conditions affecting the reproductive system, in which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is atypical.

Alex MacFarlane is an Australian activist who is an intersex person born with XXY sex chromosomes in Victoria. MacFarlane is believed to be the first holder of an indeterminate birth certificate and passport.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Intersex</span> Atypical congenital variations of sex characteristics

Intersex people are individuals born with any of several sex characteristics including chromosome patterns, gonads, or genitals that, according to the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, "do not fit typical binary notions of male or female bodies".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Intersex Human Rights Australia</span> Intersex organization in Australia

Intersex Human Rights Australia (IHRA) is a voluntary organisation for intersex people that promotes the human rights and bodily autonomy of intersex people in Australia, and provides education and information services. Established in 2009 and incorporated as a charitable company in 2010, it was formerly known as Organisation Intersex International Australia, or OII Australia. It is recognised as a Public Benevolent Institution.

LGBTIQ+ Health Australia is a peak health organisation for LGBT and intersex organisations in Australia. A not-for-profit company, it was established in August 2007.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Intersex civil society organizations</span> Intersex Human Rights Organizations: Worldwide

Intersex civil society organizations have existed since at least the mid-1980s. They include peer support groups and advocacy organizations active on health and medical issues, human rights, legal recognition, and peer and family support. Some groups, including the earliest, were open to people with specific intersex traits, while others are open to people with many different kinds of intersex traits.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">International Intersex Forum</span>

The International Intersex Forum is an annual event organised, then later supported, by the ILGA and ILGA-Europe that and organisations from multiple regions of the world, and it is believed to be the first and only such intersex event.

Gina Wilson is an Australian intersex human rights activist. She was the founding president of Intersex Human Rights Australia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Intersex human rights</span> Human rights for intersex people

Intersex people are born with sex characteristics, such as chromosomes, gonads, or genitals, that, according to the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, "do not fit typical binary notions of male or female bodies."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Quigley scale</span> Rating scale for morphology of human genitalia

The Quigley scale is a descriptive, visual system of phenotypic grading that defines seven classes between "fully masculinized" and "fully feminized" genitalia. It was proposed by pediatric endocrinologist Charmian A. Quigley et al. in 1995. It is similar in function to the Prader scale and is used to describe genitalia in cases of androgen insensitivity syndrome, including complete androgen insensitivity syndrome, partial androgen insensitivity syndrome and mild androgen insensitivity syndrome.

Intersex Peer Support Australia (IPSA), also known as the Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome Support Group Australia, is possibly the oldest known intersex organization, established in 1985. It provides peer and family support, information and advocacy. The group is run by volunteers, for people with intersex variations such as androgen insensitivity syndrome. It changed name from the Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome Support Group Australia (AISSGA) to Intersex Peer Support Australia in 2019.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Intersex and LGBT</span> Relationship between different sex and gender minorities

Intersex people are born with sex characteristics that "do not fit the typical definitions for male or female bodies". They are substantially more likely to identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT) than the non-intersex population, with an estimated 52% identifying as non-heterosexual and 8.5% to 20% experiencing gender dysphoria. Although many intersex people are heterosexual and cisgender, this overlap and "shared experiences of harm arising from dominant societal sex and gender norms" has led to intersex people often being included under the LGBT umbrella, with the acronym sometimes expanded to LGBTI. Some intersex activists and organisations have criticised this inclusion as distracting from intersex-specific issues such as involuntary medical interventions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Timeline of intersex history</span> Overview of notable events in the timeline of intersex history

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Intersex rights in Australia</span> Overview of intersex peoples rights in Australia

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Malta declaration (International Intersex Forum)</span> Statement of the Third International Intersex Forum, which took place in Valletta, Malta, in 2013

The Malta declaration is the statement of the Third International Intersex Forum, which took place in Valletta, Malta, in 2013. The event was supported by the ILGA and ILGA-Europe and brought together 34 people representing 30 organisations from multiple regions of the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Intersex rights in the United Kingdom</span> Overview of intersex peoples rights in the United Kingdom

Intersex people in the United Kingdom face significant gaps in legal protections, particularly in protection from non-consensual medical interventions, and protection from discrimination. Actions by intersex civil society organisations aim to eliminate unnecessary medical interventions and harmful practices, promote social acceptance, and equality in line with Council of Europe and United Nations demands. Intersex civil society organisations campaign for greater social acceptance, understanding of issues of bodily autonomy, and recognition of the human rights of intersex people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Intersex human rights reports</span>

Intersex people are born with sex characteristics, such as chromosomes, gonads, hormones, or genitals that, according to the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, "do not fit the typical definitions for male or female bodies". Such variations may involve genital ambiguity, and combinations of chromosomal genotype and sexual phenotype other than XY-male and XX-female.

References

  1. ↑ "60 Minutes". Nine Network . Retrieved 7 December 2013.
  2. 1 2 3 "Living outside 'male or female'". Australian Broadcasting Corporation 7.30 Report. 8 July 2013.
  3. ↑ "Senate voting changes explained in AEC advertisements". abc.net.au. 26 April 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
  4. ↑ Calleja, Claudia (16 February 2015). "'Healthy hermaphrodite' is both man and woman". Times of Malta . Malta.
  5. 1 2 "Tony Briffa Of Australia's City Of Hobsons Bay Becomes World's First Intersex Mayor". The Huffington Post . 10 December 2011.
  6. 1 2 3 "About Tony". Briffa.org. 2012.
  7. 1 2 "Hobsons Bay City Council election results 2016". Victorian Electoral Commission. 29 October 2016.
  8. ↑ "Councillor Tony Briffa JP, Cherry Lake Ward" . Retrieved 16 February 2021.
  9. 1 2 3 "Animation: NICHE IDAHO Campaign: "I", Tony (YourStory) Video animation". NICHE.
  10. 1 2 3 Senate of Australia; Community Affairs References Committee (28 March 2013), Involuntary or coerced sterilisation of people with disabilities in Australia: Thursday 28 March 2013, Canberra{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  11. ↑ "The 'I' in LGBTIQ+: What it's like to be intersex in Australia". sbs.com.au . 25 February 2023.
  12. ↑ "Involuntary or coerced sterilisation of intersex people in Australia". Australian Senate Community Affairs Committee. October 2013.
  13. ↑ "Tony Briffa". Archived from the original on 26 May 2019. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
  14. 1 2 "Intersex Mayor Elected in Australia". Advocate.com . 9 December 2011.
  15. 1 2 "Briffa to march in mayoral robes". Star Observer . 8 December 2011.
  16. 1 2 "World's first intersex mayor, Cr Tony Briffa does not want to be called he or she". Herald Sun . 15 April 2013.
  17. ↑ "Melbourne elects Australia's first intersex Mayor". SameSame.com.au. 9 December 2011. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013.
  18. ↑ "Intersex ex-mayor of Hobsons Bay Tony Briffa calls it quits". Herald Sun . 14 February 2014.
  19. ↑ "Resignation Announcement". Cr Tony Briffa. 14 February 2014.
  20. ↑ Carpenter, Morgan (4 March 2018). "We are now "Intersex Human Rights Australia"". Intersex Human Rights Australia. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  21. ↑ "Our Board". Intersex Human Rights Australia . 12 October 2013.
  22. ↑ "LGBTIQ+ Taskforce". Government of Victoria . 6 March 2023.
  23. ↑ "OII VP Tony Briffa to wed partner in NZ ceremony – Gay News Network". Gay News Network . 27 September 2013. Archived from the original on 3 January 2017.
  24. 1 2 3 "Congratulations, Tony and Manja!". Organisation Intersex International Australia . 27 September 2013.
  25. ↑ "Tony Briffa Of Australia's City Of Hobsons Bay Becomes World's First Intersex Mayor". Huffington Post. 10 December 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2017.
  26. ↑ "Tony and Manja's little Kiwi wedding". SameSame.com.au. 8 October 2013.
  27. ↑ "OII VP Tony Briffa to Wed Partner in NZ Ceremony". Gay News Network. 27 September 2013. Archived from the original on 3 January 2017.
  28. ↑ Briffa, Tony (16 August 2014). "Tony and Manja Briffa speak at marriage equality rally in Melbourne, 16 August 2014". Melbourne. Archived from the original on 19 September 2014.
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