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Kenneth Claughan Mills, was head of the Slags group at the National Physical Laboratory and a visiting professor in the Department of Materials at Imperial College London.
Marc J. Assael FIChemE CEng is a Greek Chemical Engineer and a professor of Thermophysical Properties.
Photopyroelectric As known that Photopyroelectric can be regarded as –Photo +Pyroelectric，which means any optical systems using a pyroelectric detector or imaging system, In addition, pyroelectricity could be depicted as the capability of the components formulating the transient voltage when heated or cooled. Once the temperature on which they depend changes, the position of the atom will change slightly in the crystal structure. This process of change can also be referred to as the polarization of the material. As a result, the voltage across the crystal will be triggered by this change in polarization. To further explain, when the temperature in the engine is kept constant for a period of time, the voltage in the photovoltage will gradually disappear due to the leakage current. In this sense, leakage is mainly caused by several ways, for example, electrons going through the crystal, ions going through the air, or current leaking through a voltmeter connected to the crystal.
References
- 1 2 Wakeham, W.A.; Nagashima, A.; Sengers, J.V., eds. (1991). "Measurement of the Transport Properties of Fluids". Experimental Thermodynamics. Vol. 3 (1st ed.). Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
- ↑ Assael, M.J.; Antoniadis, K.D.; Metaxa, I.N.; Mylona, S.K.; Assael, J.-A.M.; Wu, J.; Hu, M. (2015). "A Novel Portable Absolute Transient Hot-Wire Instrument for the Measurement of the Thermal Conductivity of Solids". International Journal of Thermophysics. 36 (10–11): 3083–3105. Bibcode:2015IJT....36.3083A. doi:10.1007/s10765-015-1964-6. S2CID 118547999.
- ↑ Assael, M.J.; Chen, C.F.; Metaxa, I.; Wakeham, W.A. (2004). "Thermal conductivity of suspensions of carbon nanotubes in water". International Journal of Thermophysics. 25 (4): 971–985. Bibcode:2004IJT....25..971A. doi:10.1023/B:IJOT.0000038494.22494.04. S2CID 97459543.
- ↑ Mylona, Sofia K.; Hughes, Thomas J.; Saeed, Amina A.; Rowland, Darren; Park, Juwoon; Tsuji, Tomoya; Tanaka, Yukio; Seiki, Yoshio; May, Eric F. (2019). "Thermal conductivity data for refrigerant mixtures containing R1234yf and R1234ze(E)". The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics. 133: 135–142. doi:10.1016/j.jct.2019.01.028. S2CID 104413076.
- ↑ Nagasaka, N.; Nagashima, A. (1981). "Simultaneous measurement of the thermal conductivity and the thermal diffusivity of liquids by the transient hot‐wire method". Review of Scientific Instruments. 52 (2): 229–232. Bibcode:1981RScI...52..229N. doi:10.1063/1.1136577.
- ↑ Fujii, M.; Zhang, X.; Imaishi, N.; Fujiwara, S.; Sakamoto, T. (1997). "Simultaneous measurements of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of liquids under microgravity conditions". International Journal of Thermophysics. 18 (2): 327–339. Bibcode:1997IJT....18..327F. doi:10.1007/BF02575164. S2CID 122155913.
- ↑ "Test Method for Thermal Conductivity, Thermal Diffusivity and Volumetric Heat Capacity of Engine Coolants and Related Fluids by Transient Hot Wire Liquid Thermal Conductivity Method". doi:10.1520/D7896-14.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ↑ "Transient Hot Wire Method" . Retrieved 2024-07-04.
- ↑ Vesovic, Velisa; Assael, Marc J.; Goodwin, Anthony R. H.; Wakeham, William A. (2014). Experimental Thermodynamics Volume IX: Advances in Transport Properties of Fluids. Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 135. ISBN 978-1-78262-525-4.
- ↑ PhD thesis University of Eindhoven 1971
- ↑ Sattler, Klaus D. (2016). Handbook of Nanophysics: Nanoparticles and Quantum Dots. CRC Press. pp. 32–4. ISBN 978-1-4200-7545-8.
- ↑ Healy, J.J.; De Groot, J.J.; Kestin, J. (1976). "The Theory of the Transient Hot-Wire Method for Measuring Thermal Conductivity". Physica C. 82 (2): 392–408. Bibcode:1976PhyBC..82..392H. doi:10.1016/0378-4363(76)90203-5.