Anazarbus, also known as Justinopolis (Ancient Greek: Ἀναζαρβός/ Ίουστινούπολις, medieval Ain Zarba; modern Anavarza; Arabic: عَيْنُ زَرْبَة), was an ancient Cilician city. Under the late Roman Empire, it was the capital of Cilicia Secunda. Roman emperor Justinian I rebuilt the city in 527 after a strong earthquake hit it. It was destroyed in 1374 by the forces of the Mamluk Empire, after their conquest of Cilician Armenia.
Bagras or Baghrās, ancient Pagrae, is a town and its nearby castle in the İskenderun district of Turkey, in the Amanus Mountains.
Aladağ, formerly Karsantı, is a municipality and district of Adana Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,340 km2, and its population is 15,897 (2022). It is about 100 km north of the city of Adana, up in the mountains. This is an undeveloped area, the people live from agriculture and forestry. People from the Çukurova retreat up here in the summer to escape the heat on the plain, although it's too high up for a day trip.
Çamlıyayla is a town and district of Mersin Province in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. The district has a population of 10,558 of which 3335 lives in the town of Çamlıyayla.
Feke is a small city and a district in Adana Province of Turkey, 122 km from the city of Adana, 620m above sea-level, a small town on attractive forested mountainside. The current mayor is Ahmet Sel (MHP).
Saimbeyli, alternatively known as Hadjin, is a township and a district in the Adana Province, Turkey. The township is located at the Taurus mountains of Cilicia region, 157 km north of the city of Adana. The district a population of 14,764 as December 2019.
Toprakkale is a town in Osmaniye Province in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. It is the seat of Toprakkale District. Its population is 11,411 (2022). It is located at 10 km to the west of Osmaniye. Its name comes from an Abbasid castle near the city.
Hasanbeyli is a town in Osmaniye Province in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. It is the seat of Hasanbeyli District. Its population is 2,638 (2022). Near the town stands a badly damaged medieval watchtower that once guarded a strategic route through the Amanus Mountains from Cilicia Pedias to Gaziantep.
Yılankale is a late 12th–13th century Armenian castle in Adana Province of Turkey. It is known in Armenian as Levonkla after its possible founder—King Leo (Levon) I the Magnificent of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. Medieval Armenian names attached to the site are Kovara and Vaner.
Sarvandikar, also spelled Sarvanda k'ar. It was the Frankish castle of Savranda and is officially known today as Savranda Kalesi. The site is a medieval castle in the former Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, located in Turkey's Osmaniye Province approximately 115 kilometers east of Adana.
Fındıkpınarı is a town in Mersin Province, Turkey.
Sis was the capital of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. The massive fortified complex is just to the southwest of the modern Turkish town of Kozan in Adana Province.
Soğucak is a town in Mersin Province, Turkey.
Geben is a town in Andırın district of Kahramanmaraş Province, Turkey. At 37°47′N36°27′E it is a mountainous town the distance to Andırın being about 30 kilometres (19 mi). Near the settlement of Geben is a large baronial castle primarily of Armenian construction with probable late antique/Byzantine remains and a period of Crusader occupation. The two baileys are well-protected with rounded towers. This site was the guardian of the strategic road at the Meryemçil Pass, connecting Cappadocia to the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. The remains of a late antique/medieval settlement are in the valley below to the southeast. An extensive photographic survey, description and plan of Geben Castle / Kahramanmaraş was made between 1973 and 1979. This road now used only by Geben residents was an important caravan route in history which connected East Mediterranean cities to Central Anatolia. The population of Geben is 2,127 as of 2010.
Andıl is a village in the District of Kozan, Adana Province, Turkey. Near the village are the remains of a monastic fortified estate house as well as a rectangular building and the fragments of a medieval civilian settlement, all associated with the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. This site was the subject of an archaeological survey in 1979.
Güveloğlu is a village in the District of Yüreğir, Adana Province, Turkey.
Kuzucubelen is a village in Mersin Province, Turkey. It is a part of Mezitli district which is an intracity district of Greater Mersin. It is situated in the Toros Mountains. At 36°50′N34°26′E the distance to Mersin is 28 kilometres (17 mi). The population was 568 as of 2019. Kuzucubelen residents are of Turkmen origin and they are known as Tahtaci. The village mostly consists of "Alevi"s, which is a spiritualistic belief of Islam. Main economic activity is business of timber.
Çandır Castle the medieval Armenian site of Paperon, is a fortification in Mersin Province, Turkey.
Tece Castle is a ruined castle in Mersin Province, southern Turkey.
Kuzucubelen Castle is a castle ruin in Mersin Province, Turkey.
