Turahiya

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Turahiya
Total population
28,055
Regions with significant populations
Flag of India.svg  India
Languages
Religion
Hinduism

The Turahiya are a Hindu caste found in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India.

Caste system in India class in Hindu society

The caste system in India is the paradigmatic ethnographic example of caste. It has origins in ancient India, and was transformed by various ruling elites in medieval, early-modern, and modern India, especially the Mughal Empire and the British Raj. It is today the basis of educational and job reservations in India. The caste system consists of two different concepts, varna and jati, which may be regarded as different levels of analysis of this system. The caste system is rigid in present day due to continuous tradition of marrying in own caste and very violent opposition of Inter-caste marriages by the upper castes.

Uttar Pradesh State in India

Uttar Pradesh is a state in northern India. With roughly 200 million inhabitants, it is the most populous state in India as well as the most populous country subdivision in the world. It was created on 1 April 1937 as the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh during British rule, and was renamed Uttar Pradesh in 1950. The state is divided into 18 divisions and 75 districts with the capital being Lucknow. The main ethnic group is the Hindavi people, forming the demographic plurality. On 9 November 2000, a new state, Uttarakhand, was carved out from the state's Himalayan hill region. The two major rivers of the state, the Ganga and Yamuna, join at Allahabad (Prayagraj) and then flow as the Ganga further east. Hindi is the most widely spoken language and is also the official language of the state.

Contents

Origin

The Turahiya are a sub-group within the Nishadha, fishermen community caste of India. According to the traditions of the community, aside from fishing, they were traditionally employed to play musical instruments, known as a turahi. Over time they formed a distinct endogamous group within the fishing community. They are found mainly in Uttar Pradesh, principally in the western districts.

Present circumstances

The Turahiya are still employed to play the turahi and other musical instruments on several occasions. However, the majority of the Turahiya are landless agricultural labourers. The Turahiya remain one of the most marginalised communities in the Uttar Pradesh. They live in multi-caste villages, but occupy their own distinct quarters. They often suffer from societal discrimination. Each of their settlement contains an informal caste council, known as a biradari panchayat. The panchayat acts as instrument of social control, dealing with issues such as divorce and adultery. [1]

The Turahiya were recorded as a Scheduled Caste in Uttar Pradesh in the 2011 Census of India. Their population was then 28,055. [2]

2011 Census of India 15th Indian Census

The 15th Indian Census was conducted in two phases, house listing and population enumeration. House listing phase began on 1 April 2010 and involved collection of information about all buildings. Information for National Population Register(NPR)was also collected in the first phase, which will be used to issue a 12-digit unique identification number to all registered Indian residents by Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI). The second population enumeration phase was conducted between 9 and 28 February 2011. Census has been conducted in India since 1872 and 2011 marks the first time biometric information was collected. According to the provisional reports released on 31 March 2011, the Indian population increased to 1.21 billion with a decadal growth of 17.70%. Adult literacy rate increased to 74.04% with a decadal growth of 9.21%. The motto of the census was 'Our Census, Our future'.

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References

  1. People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part One edited by A Hasan & J C Das pages 460 to 464 Manohar Publications
  2. "A-10 Individual Scheduled Caste Primary Census Abstract Data and its Appendix - Uttar Pradesh". Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 6 February 2017.