This is a list of turnpike trusts that maintained roads in the north east of England.
Between 1663 and 1836, the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed a series of acts of Parliament that created organisations – turnpike trusts – that collected road tolls, and used the money to repair the road. These applied to major roads, around a fifth of the road network. [1] The turnpike system was phased out in the 1870s, and major roads transitioned in the 1880s to the maintenance of the new county councils.
The counties used for these lists are the historic counties of England that existed at the time of the turnpike trusts. This article lists those in the north east of England: County Durham and Northumberland.
| Trust | Founded | Initial act | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citation | Title | ||
| 1753 | 26 Geo. 2. c. 82 | Berwick Roads Act 1753 An Act for repairing the Road from the Turnpike Road at Buckton Burn in the County of Durham, through Berwick upon Tweed, to Lammerton Hill; and also the several other Roads therein mentioned, lying in the said County, and within the Liberties of the said Town of Berwick. |
| 1789 | 29 Geo. 3. c. 81 | Durham Roads Act 1789 An Act for altering, raising, widening, repairing, and preserving the Road leading from the Town of Bishop Wearmouth, near Sunderland, in the County of Durham, to the Town of Norton, near Stockton, in the said County. |
| 1744 | 18 Geo. 2. c. 8 | Boroughbridge and Darlington Road Act 1744 An Act for repairing the High Road leading from Boroughbridge, in the County of York, through North-Allerton, in the same County, to Croft Bridge, on the River Tees, and from thence through Darlington, in the County of Durham, to the City of Durham. |
| 1747 | 21 Geo. 2. c. 5 | Durham Roads Act 1747 An Act for repairing the High Road from the Town of Bowes, in the County of York, to Barnard Castle, in the County of Durham, and from thence, through Staindrop, to Newgate, in Bishop Aukland, and from Newgate, along Gibb Chair, to Gaundless Bridge, and from thence, by Melderston Gill, otherwise Coundon Gill, to the Turnpike Road near Sunderland Bridge, in the County of Durham. |
| 1746 | 20 Geo. 2. c. 28 | Yorkshire and Durham Roads Act 1746 An Act for repairing the Road leading from Catherick Bridge, in the County of York, to Yarm, in the said County, and from thence to Stockton, in the County of Durham, and from thence, through Sedgefield, in the said County of Durham, to the City of Durham. |
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| 1750 | 24 Geo. 2. c. 30 | Durham Roads Act 1750 An Act for repairing the High Roads leading from Darlington, in the County of Durham, to West Auckland, and several other Roads in the said County, therein mentioned. |
| 1831 | 1 & 2 Will. 4. c. xiii | Darlington and Barton Lane End Turnpike Road Act 1831 |
| 1833 | 3 & 4 Will. 4. c. lxxix | Road from Axwell Park Gate to Shotley Bridge (Durham) Act 1833 An Act for making a Turnpike Road (with a Branch therefrom) from the Angel Inn, near Darlington in the County of Durham, to Barton Lane End in the County of York. |
| 1810 | 50 Geo. 3. c. iii | Road between Durham and Shotley Bridge Act 1810 An Act for altering, improving and keeping in Repair the Road between the City of Durham and the Village of Shotley Bridge, in the County of Durham. |
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| 1746 | 20 Geo. 2. c. 12 | Durham to Tyne Bridge Road Act 1746 An Act for repairing the High Road leading from the City of Durham in the County of Durham, to Tyne Bridge, in the said County. |
| 1815 | 55 Geo. 3. c. x | Road from Stanhope to Shotley Act 1815 An Act for repairing the Road from the Town of Stanhope, by Edmondbyers, in the County of Durham, to the Corbridge Turnpike Road near Greenhead, in the Parish of Shotley, in the County of Northumberland. |
| 1792 | 32 Geo. 3. c. 127 | Durham Roads Act 1792 An Act for amending, widening, and keeping in Repair the Road leading from the Hoodgate, at the West End of the Town of Middleton, in Teesdale, in the County of Durham, to the Gate in the new Enclosure called The Edge, near the Collieries called West Pitts, in the Parish of Saint Andrew's Auckland, in the same County, and also a Branch from the said Road, at or near the Head of the Town of Egleston to Egleston Bridge, over the River Tees. |
| 1777 | 17 Geo. 3. c. 110 | Durham Roads Act 1777 An Act for repairing and widening the Road from Gateshead, in the County of Durham, to the Church Lane near Ryton Lane-head; and from the Bar Moor to the Hexham Turnpike Road, near Dilston Bar, in the County of Northumberland; and also the Road from Mickley Bank to Lead-hill or Silverhill; and for making a Road cross certain Grounds belonging to Crozier Surtees Esquire, in the Parish of Ryton, in the County, of Durham. |
| 1793 | 33 Geo. 3. c. 148 | Durham Roads Act 1793 An Act for repairing, widening, and altering the Road from the Turnpike Road between Gateshead and Hexham, near Lobley Hill, in the Parish of Whickham, in the County of Durham, to Burtry Ford, in the Parish of Stanhope, in the same County, and a Branch from the said Road, near Bryan's Leap, in the County of Durham, to the Corbridge Turnpike Road near Blackhedley, in the County of Northumberland; and another Branch from the said Road at Wolsingham, in the County of Durham, to Crosgate, near the City of Durham. |
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| 1777 | 17 Geo. 3. c. 110 | Durham Roads Act 1777 An Act for repairing and widening the Road from Gateshead, in the County of Durham, to the Church Lane near Ryton Lane-head; and from the Bar Moor to the Hexham Turnpike Road, near Dilston Bar, in the County of Northumberland; and also the Road from Mickley Bank to Lead-hill or Silverhill; and for making a Road cross certain Grounds belonging to Crozier Surtees Esquire, in the Parish of Ryton, in the County, of Durham. |
| 1747 | 21 Geo. 2. c. 27 | Durham Roads (No. 2) Act 1747 An Act for repairing the High Road from Peirs Bridge, to Kirkmerrington, in the County of Durham, and from thence to the Turnpike Road at Tudhoe Lane End, in the said County. |
| 1826 | 7 Geo. 4. c. xvii | South Shields and Vigo Lane Turnpike Road Act 1826 An Act for making and maintaining a Turnpike Road from South Shields to White Mere Pool, and from thence to join the Durham and Newcastle Turnpike Road at Vigo Lane, with a Branch from Jarrow Slake to East Boldon, all in the County of Durham. |
| 1746 | 20 Geo. 2. c. 25 | Stockton to Barnard Castle Road Act 1746 An Act for repairing the High Road leading from the Town of Stockton upon Tees to Darlington, and from thence, through Winston, to Barnard Castle, in the same County. |
| 1796 | 36 Geo. 3. c. 136 | Wearmouth and Tyne Bridge Road Act 1796 An act for making and maintaining a convenient carriage road from Wearmouth Bridge to Tyne Bridge, with a branch from the said road to the town of South Shields, all in the county of Durham. |
| 1792 | 32 Geo. 3. c. 113 | Durham and Northumberland Roads Act 1792 An Act for altering, raising, widening, repairing and preserving the Road leading from the North End of the Turnpike Road called The Coal Road, near West Auckland, in the County of Durham, to the Elsdon Turnpike Road at or near Elishaw, in the County of Northumberland; and for erecting, building, and making necessary and convenient Bridges, Mounts, and Batteries upon the same. |
| Trust | Founded | Initial act | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citation | Title | ||
| 1826 | 7 Geo. 4. c. lxxiv | Branch End, Allendale and Cows Hill Turnpike Road Act 1826 An Act for making and maintaining a Turnpike Road, leading out of the Alstone Turnpike Road at Branch End in the County of Northumberland, through Cotton, Allendale Town and Allenheads, to Cows Hill in the County of Durham, with several Branches therefrom. |
| 1751 | 25 Geo. 2. c. 46 | Northumberland Roads (No. 2) Act 1751 An Act for repairing and widening the Road from Alemouth through the Town of Alnwick, to Rothbury, and from thence to the Town of Hexham, and also the Road leading out of the aforesaid Road, between Alnwick and Rothbury, to Jockey's Dike Bridge, in the County of Northumberland. |
| 1826 | 7 Geo. 4. c. lxxv | Alnwick, Eglingham and Chatton Road Act 1826 An Act for more effectually amending, widening, altering, improving and maintaining the Road from the Town of Alnwick in the County of Northumberland, by Eglingham and Chatton, to the Great North Turnpike Road near to Haggerston Toll Bar in the County of Durham. |
| 1794 | 34 Geo. 3. c. 125 | Burtry Ford to Burnstone Road Act 1794 An act for altering, repairing, and widening the road, from Burtry Ford, in the county of Durham, to Alston, in the county of Cumberland, and from Alston aforesaid, by the dyke, to Burnstones, in the county of Northumberland. |
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| 1746 | 20 Geo. 2. c. 9 | Northumberland Roads Act 1746 An Act for repairing the High Road leading from the North End of The Cow Cawsey, near the Town of Newcastle upon Tyne, to the Town of Belford, and from thence to Buckton Burn, in the County of Northumberland. |
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| 1751 | 25 Geo. 2. c. 48 | Northumberland Roads (No. 3) Act 1751 An Act for repairing and widening the Road leading from a Part of the Road directed to be repaired by an Act passed in the last Session of Parliament, from Carlisle to Newcastle upon Tyne, near Glenwelt, to another Part of the Road so making from Carlisle to Newcastle, upon Shildon Common, in the County of Northumberland. |
| 1778 | 18 Geo. 3. c. 116 | Hexham to Alston Road Act 1778 An Act for altering, repairing and widening, the Road from Summer Rods Bar, near the Town of Hexham, in the County of Northumberland, to the Town of Alston, in the County of Cumberland. |
| 1793 | 33 Geo. 3. c. 185 | Berwick and Durham Roads Act 1793 An Act for repairing and widening that Part of the Road leading from Kelso towards the Town of Selkirk, which lies to the Eastward of the Turnpike Road leading from Jedburgh to Lauder, which crosses the River Tiviot, near the Town of Kelso, and the Road leading from Kelso towards Coldstream, to the Place where it joins the Turnpike Road leading from Greenlaw to Coldstream, and from Kelso through Ednam, to Orange Lane, in the Parish of Eccles, in the County of Berwick, and from the Ford at Newton Mill, through Ednam to Edenfoot, and from Kelso to Cornhill, in the County of Durham. |
| 1750 | 24 Geo. 2. c. 25 | Carlisle and Newcastle Road Act 1750 An Act for laying out, making, and keeping in Repair, a Road proper for the Passage of Troops and Carriages, from the City of Carlisle, to the Town of Newcastle upon Tyne. |
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| 1749 | 22 Geo. 2. c. 9 | Northumberland Roads (No. 2) Act 1748 An Act for repairing the Road from North Shields, in the County of Northumberland, to the Town of Newcastle upon Tyne. |
| 1807 | 47 Geo. 3 Sess. 2. c. xiii | Roads from Percy's Cross and from Wooler (Northumberland) Act 1807 An Act for making and maintaining Roads from Percy's Cross to Milfield Burn, and from Wooler to Bowsdon Burn, in the County of Northumberland. |
| 1748 | 22 Geo. 2. c. 7 | Northumberland Roads Act 1748 An Act for repairing the Road from The West Cowgate, near the Town of Newcastle upon Tyne, through the West End of Kenton, Pont Eland, Higham Dykes, Newham Edge, Belsay Mill, and South Middleton, to the North Side of the River Wanspeck, in the County of Northumberland. |
| 1814 | 54 Geo. 3. c. xxix | Turnpike Road between North Shields and Morpeth Castle Act 1814 An Act for making and maintaining a Road from the Turnpike Road between North Shields and Newcastle upon Tyne, to Morpeth Castle, and for making and maintaining Three several Branches of Road to communicate therewith; all lying in the Counties of Northumberland and Durham. |
| 1825 | 6 Geo. 4. c. xxviii | Wooler and Adderstone Lane Road (Northumberland) Act 1825 |
| 1751 | 25 Geo. 2. c. 18 | Northumberland Roads Act 1751 An Act for repairing the Road leading from Long Horsley Bar, or Gate, on the Post Road near the Town of Morpeth, by or through Long Horsley, Weldon Bridge, and Whittingham, to the River Breamish, and from thence to Piercy's Cross, in the County of Northumberland. |