This is a list of turnpike trusts that maintained roads in South West England.
Between 1663 and 1836, the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed a series of acts of Parliament that created organisations - turnpike trusts – that collected road tolls, and used the money to repair the road. These applied to major roads, around a fifth of the road network. [1] The turnpike system was phased out in the 1870s, and major roads transitioned in the 1880s to the maintenance of the new county councils.
The counties used for these lists are the historic counties of England that existed at the time of the turnpike trusts. This article lists those in the south west of England: Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, Gloucestershire, Somerset and Wiltshire.
| Trust | Founded | Initial act | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citation | Title | ||
| Bodmin Turnpike Trust | 1769 | 9 Geo. 3. c. 69 | Bodmin Roads Act 1769 An Act for repairing and widening several Roads, leading to and through the Borough of Bodmin, in the County of Cornwall. |
| Bodmin and Roche Turnpike Trust | 1835 | 5 & 6 Will. 4. c. cv | Bodmin Roads Act 1835 An Act for more effectually repairing certain Roads leading to and from Bodmin, and other Roads therein mentioned, in the County of Cornwall, and for making and maintaining certain new Roads communicating therewith. |
| Callington Turnpike Trust | 1764 | 4 Geo. 3. c. 48 | Callington Roads Act 1764 An Act for repairing and widening several Roads leading from Callington, in the County of Cornwall. |
| Camelford, Wadebridge and St Columb Turnpike Trust | 1759 | 33 Geo. 2. c. 42 | Cornwall Roads Act 1759 An Act for repairing and widening the Roads from Haleworthy in the Parish of Davidstow in the County of Cornwall to the East End of Wadebridge in the said County, and from the West End of Wadebridge aforesaid into and through the Borough of Mitchell in the said County. |
| Creed and St Just Turnpike Trust | 1762 | 2 Geo. 3. c. 46 | Cornwall Roads Act 1762 An Act for repairing and widening the Road from the Lostwithiel Turnpike Road in the Parish of Creed, in the County of Cornwall, through Tregony, to Ruan Lanehorne; and from Dennis Water to Three Hundred Yards on the South Side of Trethim Mill in the Parish of Saint Just in the said County. |
| Hayle Bridge Causeway Turnpike Trust | 1825 | 6 Geo. 4. c. iv | Grigg's Quay, Hayle Bridge and Phillack Road (Cornwall) Act 1825 An Act for building a Bridge and making a Causeway and Turnpike Road from or near Grigg's Quay, in the Parish of Uny Lelant, over Hayle River and Sands, in the Parish of Saint Erth, to Carnsew Quay, through Hayle Foundery, in the said Parish of Saint Erth, and Pen Poll in the Parish of Phillack, all in the County of Cornwall. |
| Helston Turnpike Trust | 1760 | 1 Geo. 3. c. 32 | Cornwall Roads Act 1760 Penzance and St. Just Turnpike Roads Act 1863 |
| Launceston Turnpike Trust | 1759 | 33 Geo. 2. c. 59 | Launceston Roads Act 1759 An Act for amending, widening, and keeping in Repair, several Roads leading to the Borough of Launceston, in the County of Cornwall. |
| Liskeard Turnpike Trust | 1760 | 1 Geo. 3. c. 25 | Cornwall and Devon Roads Act 1760 An Act for repairing and widening the Road from the East End of West Tap-house Lane to the Borough of Liskeard, and from thence to Coomb Row House; and also the Road from the said Borough of Liskeard to Crafthole, and from thence to Crimble Passage and Tar Point, and from Crafthole aforesaid to Saint German's Beacon; in the Counties of Cornwall and Devon. |
| Penryn and Redruth Turnpike Trust | 1763 | 3 Geo. 3. c. 52 | Cornwall Roads (No. 2) Act 1763 An Act for amending and widening the Roads leading from New Street and Pig Street in Penryn in the County of Cornwall, to Redruth in the same County. |
| Penzance to St Just Turnpike Trust | 1863 | 26 & 27 Vict. c. xxvii | Penzance and St. Just Turnpike Roads Act 1863 An Act for making a Turnpike Road from Penzance to Saint Just in Penrith in the County of Cornwall, with Branches, and for the Adoption, Alteration, and Improvement, for the Purposes thereof, of certain public Highways; and for other Purposes. |
| Saltash Turnpike Trust | 1762 | 2 Geo. 3. c. 43 | Saltash Roads Act 1762 An Act for repairing and widening several Roads in the Counties of Cornwall and Devon, leading to the Borough of Saltash, in the County of Cornwall. |
| St Austell and Lostwithiel Turnpike Trust | 1760 | 1 Geo. 3. c. 27 | Cornwall Roads Act 1760 An Act for repairing and widening the Road leading from the Eastern End of the Borough of Grampound in the County of Cornwall, through the Towns of Saint Austell and Lostwithiel, and from thence to the East End of The Western Taphouse-Lane in the said County. |
| Trebarwith Sands Road Turnpike Trust | 1825 | 6 Geo. 4. c. 84 | Trebarwith Sands and Condolden Bridge Road Act 1825 |
| Truro Turnpike Trust | 1754 | 27 Geo. 2. c. 41 | Truro Roads Act 1754 An Act for amending and widening several Roads, leading from the Borough of Truro, in the County of Cornwall. |
| Trust | Founded | Initial act | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citation | Title | ||
| Ashburton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Barnstaple Turnpike Trust | |||
| Bideford Turnpike Trust | |||
| Braunton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Combe Martin Turnpike Trust | |||
| Combe Martin & Ilfracombe Turnpike Trust | |||
| Countess Wear Bridge Turnpike Trust | |||
| Cullompton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Dartmoor & Roborough Turnpike Trust | |||
| Dartmouth, Torquay & Shaldon Turnpike Trust | |||
| Devon & Dorset (Axminster) Turnpike Trust | |||
| Exeter Turnpike Trust | |||
| Exmouth Turnpike Trust | |||
| Great Torrington Turnpike Trust | |||
| Honiton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Honiton & Ilminster Turnpike Trust | |||
| Honiton & Sidmouth Turnpike Trust | |||
| Kingsbridge & Dartmouth Turnpike Trust | |||
| Modbury Turnpike Trust | |||
| Moretonhampstead Turnpike Trust | 1772 | 12 Geo. 3. c. 93 | Devon Roads (No.2) Act 1772 An Act for repairing and widening the Road from the Exeter Turnpike at Reedy Gate, in the Parish of Dunsford, in the County of Devon, to Cherry Brook, in the Forest of Dartmoore, in the said County. |
| Newton Bushell Turnpike Trust | 1760 | 1 Geo. 3. c. 34 | Devon Roads Act 1760 An Act for repairing and widening the Road from the East End of West Tap-house Lane to the Borough of Liskeard, and from thence to Coomb Row House; and also the Road from the said Borough of Liskeard to Crafthole, and from thence to Crimble Passage and Tar Point, and from Crafthole aforesaid to Saint German's Beacon; in the Counties of Cornwall and Devon. |
| Okehampton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Plymouth & Exeter Road Turnpike Trust | |||
| Plymouth & Tavistock Turnpike Trust | |||
| Plymouth Turnpike Trust | |||
| Sidmouth to Cullompton Turnpike Trust | |||
| South Molton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Stonehouse Turnpike Trust | |||
| Taunton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Tavistock Turnpike Trust | |||
| Tedburn St Mary to Chudleigh Turnpike Trust | |||
| Teignmouth & Dawlish Turnpike Trust | |||
| Tiverton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Totnes & Bridgetown-Pomeroy Turnpike Trust | |||
| Trust | Founded | Initial act | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citation | Title | ||
| Abbotsbury & Bridport Turnpike Trust | 1777 | 17 Geo. 3. c. 103 | Dorset Roads Act 1777 An Act for amending, widening, and keeping in Repair, the Road leading from Crookhill, in the Parish of Chickrell, to the Turnpike Road leading from Bridport to Bridport Harbour, and several other Roads therein mentioned, in the County of Dorset. |
| Blandford & Poole Turnpike Trust | 1767 | 7 Geo. 3. c. 82 | Dorset and Somerset Roads Act 1766 An Act to explain, alter, and amend, an Act for repairing and widening several Roads leading from between the Second and Third Mile Stones on the Turnpike Road between the Town and County of Poole and Winborn Minster in the County of Dorset, to Bratton Corner in the County of Somerset; and for repairing and widening the Road from the Turnpike Road in Brainston, to or near a House called Fontleroy's Farm House in the County of Dorset. |
| Blandford & Wimborne Turnpike Trust | 1765 | 5 Geo. 3. c. 102 | Dorset and Somerset Roads Act 1765 An Act for repairing and widening several Roads leading from between the Second and Third Mile Stones on the Turnpike Road between the Town and County of Poole and Winborne Minister in the County of Dorset, to Bratton Corner in the County of Somerset. |
| Bridport Turnpike Trust | 1754 | 27 Geo. 2. c. 32 | Axminster Roads Act 1754 An Act for repairing and widening the Road from a certain Entrenchment on Askerswell Hill, opposite to Chilcomb Farm through the Town of Bridport, to Penn Inn, and from Bridport aforesaid to the Town of Beamister, in the County of Dorset, and also the Road from Penn Inn aforesaid, through the Town of Axminster, to the Work-house at the East End of the Town of Honiton, in the County of Devon. |
| Bridport & Broadwindsor Turnpike Trust | 1828 | 9 Geo. 4. c. xix | Roads to Join Crewkerne Turnpike Road (Dorset and Somerset) Act 1828 An Act for making and maintaining a Turnpike Road from the Bridport Turnpike Road at Allington, through Broadwindsor and Drimpton in the County of Dorset, to the Crewkerne Turnpike Road at or near Clapton Bridge, and also from Hewish Toll Gate to the Crewkerne Turnpike Road at or near Roundham Corner in the Parish of Crewkerne in the County of Somerset. |
| Cerne Abbas Turnpike Trust | 1824 | 5 Geo. 4. c. xxx | Roads to and from Cerne Abbas Act 1824 An Act for repairing, improving and maintaining several Roads leading to and from Cerne Abbas in the County of Dorset. |
| Dorchester & Wool Turnpike Trust | 1769 | 9 Geo. 3. c. 47 | Dorset Roads Act 1769 An Act for amending, widening, altering, clearing, and keeping in Repair, several Roads leading from the Borough of Dorchester, in the County of Dorset; and for repealing so much of an Act, passed in the Sixth Year of His present Majesty's Reign, as relates to the repairing the Road leading from Wool to the said Borough. |
| Harnham, Blandford & Dorchester Turnpike Trust | |||
| Lyme Regis Turnpike Trust | |||
| Maiden Newton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Poole Turnpike Trust | |||
| Puddletown & Wimborne Turnpike Trust | |||
| Shaftesbury & Blandford Turnpike Trust | |||
| Sherborne Turnpike Trust | |||
| Vale of Blackmoor Turnpike Trust | |||
| Wareham Turnpike Trust | |||
| Weymouth Backwater Bridge & Road Turnpike Trust | |||
| Weymouth, Melcombe Regis & Dorchester Turnpike Trust | 1760 | 1 Geo. 3. c. 24 | Dorset Roads Act 1760 An Act for repairing and widening several Roads leading to and through the Towns of Weymouth and Melcombe Regis and Dorchester, in the County of Dorset. |
| Yeovil Turnpike Trust | 1753 | 26 Geo. 2. c. 69 | Somerset Roads Act 1753 An Act for repairing and widening the Road from The Halfway-house, in the Parish of Lower Compton, in the County of Dorset, through the Towns of Yeovil, Crewkerne, and Chard, to the East End of the Town of Axminster, in the County of Devon, and several other Roads round the said Town of Yeovil, in the County of Somerset. |
| Trust | Founded | Initial act | Route | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Citation | Title | From | To | ||
| Berkeley, Dursley Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Berkeley, Dursley, Wotton Under Edge, Frocester and Caincross Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Bibury or Dancy's Fancy Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Bristol Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Broadway to Mickleton Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Burford to Preston Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Cainscross Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Campden and Clifford Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Chapel-on-the-Heath and Bourton-on-the-Hill Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Cheltenham Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Cheltenham and Gloucester Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Cheltenham and Painswick Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Cheltenham and Tewkesbury Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Chipping Campden Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Cirencester Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Cirencester and Bath Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Cirencester and Wootton Bassett Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Cirencester to Birdlip Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Cirencester to Stroud Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Cirencester to Tetbury Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Cleeve and Evesham Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Coldharbour Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Crickley Hill to Frogg Mill Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Elton Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Forest of Dean Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Foss and Cross (Stow on the Wold) Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Frocester Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Haw Bridge and Roads Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Huntley and Mitcheldean Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Kingsholm Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Kingswood Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Lightpill and Birdlip Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Maisemore Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Malmesbury Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Marshfield Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Minchinhampton, Tetbury and Bisley Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Nailsworth, Woodchester and Dudbridge Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Newent Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Newnham to Little Dean Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Northgate Turnpike Trust | 1697 | 9 Will. 3. c. 18 | Birdlip and Crickley Hill Road Act 1697 An Act for repairing the Highways from the Towne of Birdlipp and the Top of Crickley Hill in the County of Gloucester to the City of Gloucester. | ||
| 1722 | 9 Geo. 1. c. 31 | Gloucestershire Highways Act 1722 An Act for repairing the Highways from the City of Gloucester to the Top of Birdlip Hill (being the Road to London), and from the Foot of the said Hill to the Top of Crickly Hill (being the Road to Oxford); and to oblige those concerned in the Receipt or Payment of any Monies, by virtue of an Act of the Ninth and Tenth Years of His late Majesty King William, touching the repairing the said Highways, to accompt for the same to the Trustees appointed by this Act. | Gloucester Northgate | Top of Birdlip Hill | |
| Little Witcombe | Top of Crickley Hill | ||||
| Over Turnpike Trust | 1769 | Over | Newent | ||
| 1769 | Gloucester | Westbury-on-Severn | |||
| Painswick Turnpike Trust | 1778 | ||||
| Pucklechurch Turnpike Trust | 1756 | ||||
| Redbrook to St Arvans Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Sodbury Division Turnpike Trust | 1751 | ||||
| Southgate Turnpike Trust | 1751 | ||||
| Stroud and Bisley Turnpike Trust | 1823 | ||||
| Stroud and Chalford Turnpike Trust | 1814 | ||||
| Stroud and Gloucester (thru Pitchcombe) Turnpike Trust | 1818 | ||||
| Stroud to Sapperton Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Stroud, Caincross and Minchinhampton Turnpike Trust | |||||
| Stump Cross Turnpike Trust | 1792 | ||||
| Tewkesbury Turnpike Trust | 1756 | ||||
| Tewkesbury Severn Bridge and Roads Turnpike Trust | 1823 | ||||
| Winchcombe Turnpike Trust | 1792 | ||||
| Wootton Under Edge Turnpike Trust | 1725 | ||||
| Trust | Founded | Initial act | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citation | Title | ||
| Allington to Crewkerne Turnpike Trust | |||
| Bath Turnpike Trust | |||
| Black Dog Turnpike Trust | |||
| Bridgwater Turnpike Trust | |||
| Bristol Turnpike Trust | |||
| Bruton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Chard Turnpike Trust | |||
| Crewkerne Turnpike Trust | |||
| Frome Turnpike Trust | |||
| High Ham Turnpike Trust | |||
| Honiton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Honiton & Ilminster Turnpike Trust | |||
| Ilchester Turnpike Trust | |||
| Ilminster Turnpike Trust | |||
| Langport, Somerton & Castle Cary Turnpike Trust | |||
| Martock & South Petherton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Minehead Roads Turnpike Trust | |||
| Radstock Turnpike Trust | |||
| Shepton Mallet Turnpike Trust | |||
| Taunton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Tiverton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Wedmore Turnpike Trust | |||
| Wells Turnpike Trust | |||
| Wells, Highbridge & Cheddar Turnpike Trust | |||
| West Harptree Turnpike Trust | |||
| Weston-super-Mare & Worle Turnpike Trust | |||
| Wincanton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Wiveliscombe Turnpike Trust | |||
| Yeovil Turnpike Trust | |||
| Trust | Founded | Initial act | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citation | Title | ||
| Amesbury Turnpike Trust | |||
| Beckhampton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Blackdog Turnpike Trust | |||
| Bradford Turnpike Trust | |||
| Bradford to Lacock Turnpike Trust | |||
| Calne Turnpike Trust | |||
| Calne, Lyneham & Hillmartin Turnpike Trust | |||
| Chippenham Turnpike Trust | |||
| Chippenham to Togg Hill Turnpike Trust (Draycot Turnpike Trust) | |||
| Christian Malford to Shillingford Turnpike Trust | |||
| Combe Bridge to Bradford Turnpike Trust | |||
| Corsham Turnpike Trust | |||
| Crudwell & Minty Turnpike Trust | |||
| Devizes Turnpike Trust | |||
| Draycot or Upper District Turnpike Trust | |||
| Everley Turnpike Trust | |||
| Fisherton, Wilton etc. Turnpike Trust | |||
| Holt & Wraxall Turnpike Trust | |||
| Hurdcot to Barford Turnpike Trust | |||
| Lechlade to Swindon Turnpike Trust | |||
| Malmesbury Turnpike Trust | |||
| Marlborough & Froxfield Turnpike Trust | |||
| Marlborough & Sailsbury Turnpike Trust | |||
| Marlborough & Swindon Turnpike Trust | |||
| Meadbrook to Christian Malford Turnpike Trust | |||
| Melksham Turnpike Trust | |||
| New Sarum to Dorchester Turnpike Trust | |||
| Sarum & Eling Turnpike Trust | |||
| Seend to Box Turnpike Trust | |||
| Seend to Trowbridge Turnpike Trust | |||
| Swindon & Christian Malford Turnpike Trust | |||
| Swindon & Cold Harbour Turnpike Trust | |||
| Swindon & Hungerford Turnpike Trust | |||
| Swindon & Marlborough Turnpike Trust | |||
| Swindon, Calne & Cricklade Turnpike Trust | |||
| Trowbridge Turnpike Trust | |||
| Warminster Turnpike Trust | |||
| Warminster to Beckington Turnpike Trust | |||
| West Lavington to Seend Turnpike Trust | |||
| Westbury Turnpike Trust | |||
| Whitesheet Turnpike Trust | |||
| Winterslow to Harnham Bridge Turnpike Trust | |||
| Wooton Basset & Marlborough Turnpike Trust | |||