The Undocupoets are a group of poets who are current or former undocumented immigrants in the United States. The mission of the Undocupoets is to bring recognition to the work written by undocumented poets and to spread awareness about the societal barriers they face as writers. [1] The group was founded in 2015 by Castillo, Javier Zamora, and Christopher Soto aka Loma. [2] Undocupoets united to petition against citizenship requirements in book prizes, [2] but have grown to include a fellowship and more. It is currently co-organized by poets Marcelo Hernandez Castillo, Janine Joseph, and Esther Lin. [2]
In 2015, the Undocupoets published a petition with the literary journal Apogee, with over 400 signatures from writers, readers, editors, and organizers. [3] The point of this petition was to encourage major literary presses to remove the "proof of citizenship" requirement from their first book contests. [2] "As an undocumented person, it’s ingrained in you to read the fine print, so I knew from the time I got serious about writing that many contests barred us from entering ... It was out of anger and disbelief that no one else seemed to know about these exclusions that we [Hernandez Castillo and fellow cofounders Christopher Soto and Javier Zamora] started circulating the petition. From there it snowballed." [4] The petition was focused on eleven press prizes including: Letras Latinas (Andres Montoya Poetry Prize), BOA Editions, the National Poetry Series, the Academy of American Poets, Persea Books, the Poetry Society of America, the Poetry Foundation, Sarabande Books, Crab Orchard Review, and Yale University Press. [5] Many prizes ended up changing their requirements, [6] [7] including the National Poetry Series, who said, "What really persuaded us is the fact that we did share the desire to find the best poetry out there and help get it published, which is one of the hardest things to do.” [7] [ dead link ] In 2016, they were awarded the Barnes and Noble Writers for Writers Award for their work. [8]
After the success of their campaign, the Undocupoets expanded their mission to include a fellowship in partnership with Sibling Rivalry Press. The fellowship provides financial support and mentorship to emerging poets who are undocumented or formerly undocumented, helping to amplify their voices and create a platform for their work. The initiative aims to dismantle barriers in the literary world and foster a more inclusive creative space. Applicants for their fellowship have hailed from the Philippines, China, Mexico, Brazil and beyond. [9] Despite the risk of proclaiming undocumented status by applying for the fellowship, submissions have doubled yearly since 2017. [9]
In 2015, Southern Humanities Review created a feature on undocumented writers, inspired by the Undocupoets. The feature brought attention to the experiences of writers navigating the challenges of undocumented status, showing the intersection between immigration and literary expression. “We’re always the subject of people’s stories,” said Yosimar Reyes, a 2017 Undocupoets fellow and DACA recipient. “I don’t think it’s ever occurred to people that we are also writers, thinkers, philosophers, and that we’re actually the agents of our own stories.” [10] Additionally, the fellowship inspired similar programs and conversations within the literary community, such as other journals and presses examining their inclusivity practices.
The Undocupoets have continued to participate in the literary world to help expand the availability and opportunity for people to take part in poetry/literary contests. Examples of such include:
Through the Undocupoets organizations, there has been a shift in poetry contest eligibility. Organizations are beginning to consider and integrate people who reside in the United States without citizenship status.
Martín Espada is a Puerto Rican-American poet, and a professor at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, where he teaches poetry. Puerto Rico has frequently been featured as a theme in his poems.
Latino poetry is a branch of American poetry written by poets born or living in the United States who are of Latin American origin or descent and whose roots are tied to the Americas and their languages, cultures, and geography.
Chicano poetry is a subgenre of Chicano literature that stems from the cultural consciousness developed in the Chicano Movement. Chicano poetry has its roots in the reclamation of Chicana/o as an identity of empowerment rather than denigration. As a literary field, Chicano poetry emerged in the 1960s and formed its own independent literary current and voice.
The Asian American Writers' Workshop is a New York–based nonprofit literary arts organization founded in 1991 to support Asian American writers, literature and community. Cofounders Curtis Chin, Christina Chiu, Marie Myung-Ok Lee, and Bino A. Realuyo created AAWW because they were searching for New York City community of writers of color who could provide support for new writers.
Victor Hernández Cruz is a Puerto Rican poet. In 1981, Life named him one of America's greatest poets.
Lorna Dee Cervantes is an American poet and activist, who is considered one of the greatest figures in Chicano poetry. She has been described by Alurista as "probably the best Chicana poet active today."
Andrés Montoya was a Chicano poet.
Letras Latinas is the literary initiative at the University of Notre Dame's Institute for Latino Studies (ILS), with an office on campus in South Bend, Indiana, as well as Washington, D.C. It was founded in 2004 and strives to enhance the visibility, appreciation and study of Latino literature both on and off the campus of the University of Notre Dame, with an emphasis on programs that support newer voices, foster a sense of community among writers, and place Latino writers in community spaces.
The Andrés Montoya Poetry Prize Competition is a biennial program of Letras Latinas in collaboration with the University of Notre Dame Press. Founded in 2004, the Latino poetry competition seeks to publish the first collection of a promising Latino-American poet who has not previously published a book of poetry.
William Archila is a Latino poet and writer. Born in Santa Ana, El Salvador, Archila immigrated to the United States in 1980 with his family. Archila eventually became an English teacher and he earned an MFA from the University of Oregon.
Silvia Curbelo is a Cuban-born, American poet and writer.
David Mitrani Arenal is a Cuban writer, poet and researcher
Yosimar Reyes is a Mexican-born poet and activist. He is a queer undocumented immigrant who was born in Guerrero, Mexico, and raised in East San Jose, California. Reyes has been described as "a voice that shines light on the issues affecting queer immigrants in the U.S. and throughout the world."
Laurie Ann Guerrero is a Chicana poet from San Antonio, Texas. She was the poet laureate of San Antonio from 2014 to 2016 and the Poet Laureate of Texas from 2016 to 2017. In the fall semester of 2017, she became the first writer-in-residence at Texas A&M University San Antonio and a "fully immersed faculty member. She will teach a contemporary American woman poets course, host numerous University writing workshops and mentor students while working on her next writing project."
CantoMundo is an American literary organization founded in 2009 to support Latino poets and poetry. It hosts an annual poetry workshop dedicated to the creation, documentation, and critical analysis of Latinx poetry.
Marcelo Hernandez Castillo, born 1988, is a poet and activist. He lives in Marysville, California, with his wife and son.
Javier Zamora is a Salvadoran poet and activist. Zamora is the author of Nine Immigrant Years (2011), Unaccompanied (2017), and Solito (2022). He has written works related towards his migration to the United States.
Janine Joseph is a Filipino-American poet and author.
David Campos (poet) is an American poet, writer, and producer of video poetry from California. His debut collection, Furious Dusk, won the 2014 Andrés Montoya Poetry Prize from Letras Latinas, the literary initiative at the University of Notre Dame's Institute for Latino Studies (ILS).
Verónica Reyes is a Chicana, Latina, LGBT poet from East Los Angeles, California. She is known for her book of poetry Chopper! Chopper! Poetry from Bordered Lives, which won her several awards. In 2014, she was honored with the International Latino Book Award and the Golden Crown Literary Society Award, and was also a finalist for the Lambda Literary Award for Lesbian Poetry. In 1999, she won the AWP Intro Journals Project award and was a finalist for the Andrés Montoya Poetry Prize.