Since the beginning of the 1990s, social and demographic changes in the Russian Federation, stemming from under the Soviet Union, led the country towards an aging population, often described as in media as a "demographic crisis".
In economics, a discouraged worker is a person of legal employment age who is not actively seeking employment or who has not found employment after long-term unemployment, but who would prefer to be working. This is usually because an individual has given up looking, hence the term "discouraged".
Yuri Mihailovich Kilin is a Russian historian and a professor of History Studies at the Petrozavodsk State University in Petrozavodsk. He has written extensively on Russo-Finnish and Karelian historical conflicts. Kilin graduated with honours in 1983. He received his Candidate of Sciences degree in Leningrad 1991, and Doctor of Sciences degree in Moscow 2000. Kilin has written in over 50 publications, including over 25 published aboard. His name has also transliterated as Juri Kilin.
Nizhnekamsky District is a territorial administrative unit and municipal district of the Republic of Tatarstan within the Russian Federation. The district is located on the left bank of the Kama River. The administrative center of the district is Nizhnekamsk and the population of the district was 276,326 at the beginning of 2020.
Spassky District is a territorial administrative unit and municipal district of the Republic of Tatarstan within the Russian Federation. The total area of the district is 2028 km². It is located in the southwestern part of Tatarstan. The administrative center is Bolgar. As of 2020, the population estimated at 18,599 residents.
Vysokogorsky District is a territorial administrative unit and municipal district of the Republic of Tatarstan within the Russian Federation. The administrative center of the district is the village of Vysokaya Gora. The district population at the beginning of 2020 was 51,567.
ROLF – the biggest dealer holding in the Russian Federation, one of the pioneers at the Russian automobile market. It was founded on August 5, 1991. Its headquarters is in Moscow city. The company is engages in selling of new cars and used cars, motorcycles, automobiles accessories, as well as service maintenance of cars and motorcycles and rendering of services in crediting and insurance.
Alex Battler, known in Russia under the pen name Oleg Alekseyevich Arin, is a Soviet-born Russian-Canadian scholar and political writer. He is a member of the organization «Defend Science» (US).
Slavic fantasy is a sub-genre of contemporary art that developed in the late 90s and early 2000s. Slavic fantasy is distinguished by the incorporation of Slavic folklore, legends, bylinas, and myths into the general canons of fantasy literature. However, its genre boundaries remain indistinct.
The Shumerlya Special Vehicles Plant is a monotown enterprise within the Russian military-industrial complex, a major developer and manufacturer of special purpose equipment in Russia. One of the largest Russian exporters of special purpose machinery.
Kizlyarka is a grape vodka named after the Russian city of Kizlyar, where much of the drink is produced. Kizlyarka's alcohol content is 40-45%.
The Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is the territory of the Extreme North, which is the largest among the Arctic states. It includes the land part, water area and continental shelf of the seas of the Arctic Ocean. If we take the Arctic Circle as the southern boundary of the Arctic, it covers an area of over 9 million km^2, of which almost 7 million km^2 is in the water area. In the Russian Arctic, territory mastered by man beyond the Arctic Circle and near it, as well as reserves of untouched nature, coexist. The territories of the following subjects of the Russian Federation - the Arkhangelsk, Murmansk regions, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the Nenets, Yamalo-Nenets and Chukotka Autonomous Districts, the Komi Republic with a population of over 1 million people - are fully or partly included in the Arctic zone.
The unemployment rate in the Republic of Korea as of December 2021 is 3.7 percent. Since its rapid globalization and democratization, the unemployment rate has been comparatively low compared to most OECD countries. This remains the case as of 2021. Being Asia’s fourth-largest economy, the country's booming exports have helped to maintain the unemployment rate very low by the standards of developed countries. There are several measurement differences between the standard of measurement set by the International Labour Organisation and the official measurement of unemployment in the Republic of Korea, set by Statistics Korea, that contribute to an inflated unemployment rate when compared to other countries that abide more strictly by the standard set by the International Labour Organisation.
The Macedonian Hussar Regiment was a military unit involved in the Russian Imperial Army. The establishment of the Macedonian Hussar Regiment occurred on 10 May 1759. The Hussars were active in defense of Russia's southern borders, which had become volatile due to new migration and the aftereffects of the War of the Austrian Succession. Over the following decades, the regiment was disbanded and reformed frequently, before disbanding permanently in 1783.
The 2021 Russian census was the first census of the Russian Federation population since 2010 and the third after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. It took place between October 15 and November 14. However, for the remote and inaccessible areas of Russia, the census took place between April 1 and December 20.
Social entrepreneurship in Russia is in its infancy. Its origin as a phenomenon of the post-Soviet history of the country should be attributed to the first half of the 2000s, although similar initiatives of individual enthusiasts occasionally took place already in the 1990s, and prototypes of social and entrepreneurial activity can be found also in earlier periods, up to the turn of the XIX-XX centuries.
Natalia Ivanovna Zvereva is a Russian economist, manager and public figure. She is an expert in the field of social entrepreneurship, director of the Our Future Foundation. Candidate of Sciences in Economics (2021).
Since 2020 in Russia, for incomes of the population the median per capita income is calculated, based on the size of which the subsistence rate and the minimum wage are also calculated. The median salary is an indicator, more and less than which the same number of people in the country receive. This indicator more accurately reflects the situation than the average monthly salary. So, according to Sberindex in 2020, the median salary for all industries in Russia amounted to 31,540 rubles in January and 38278 rubles in December. In January 2021, it amounted to 33,549 rubles, in December 2021 - 42,801 rubles. In January 2022, the median salary was 37429 rubles, in December 2022 - 49627 rubles. According to information provided by expert channels, inflation in Russia was 13.7% in September 2022. Russia ranked 45th in the world in terms of annual inflation. Its neighbors in the rating were Chile - also 13.7% and Mongolia - 13.8%. During the survey in 2022, it turned out that two-thirds of Russians (66%) rule out the possibility that they will take out a loan to purchase a home in the near future - a mortgage. The reasons, in their opinion, are low salaries and high mortgage rates. In January 2023, the median salary was 43,500 rubles. The median salary in Russia in February 2023 was 42,024 rubles.
