United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice

Last updated

United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice
Emblem of the United Nations.svg
United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Logo.svg
StatusActive
Genre Criminal justice
FrequencyQuinquennially
Inaugurated22 August 1955;68 years ago (1955-08-22)
Most recent12–19 April 2015
Next event7–12 March 2021
AreaWorldwide
Organized byCommission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice
Website www.unodc.org/congress
A coloured voting box.svg   Politicsportal

The United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice is a United Nations (UN) sponsored congress on the topics of crime, crime prevention and criminal justice, held every five years. It is organized by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). [1] Participants of the Congress include UN Member States and Observers, international organizations, non-governmental organization and individual experts.

Contents

The Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice acts ave agenda items of the upcoming Crime Congress and to make action-oriented recommendations to serve as a basis for the draft recommendations and conclusions for consideration by the Congress. [2]

The event was initially held in 1955, following the dissolution of the International Penal and Penitentiary Commission (IPPC) by the United Nations General Assembly in 1950. Initially called the United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, the current name was adopted in 2005. [1]

The antecedents of the Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice include the First International Congress on the Prevention and Repression of Crime, held at London in 1872. [3]

List of Congresses

Source: [1]

CongressYearHost CityFocusNotes
1st Congress [4] [5] 1955 Geneva, Switzerland
  • "Open" penal and correctional facilities
  • The selection and training of prison personnel
  • The proper use of prison labor
  • The impact of mass media on juvenile deviance
Adopted the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners [6]
2nd Congress [5] 1960 London, United Kingdom
  • Short-term imprisonment
  • The integration of prison labor with national economies
  • The remuneration of prisoners
  • Pre-release treatment and assistance to dependents of prisoners
  • Parole and released prisoners' transition to community life
  • After care, including vocational guidance, training and placement
  • The role of national planning in preventing crime
3rd Congress [5] 1965 Stockholm, Sweden
  • Social change and criminality
  • Social forces and the prevention of criminality
  • Community action for preventing crime
  • Special preventative and treatment measures for juveniles and young adults
  • Measures to reduce recidivism
4th Congress [5] 1970 Kyoto, Japan
  • Social defense policies in relation to development planning
  • Public participation in crime prevention and control of crime and delinquency
  • The organization of research for policy development in social defense
  • Developments in the correctional field
5th Congress [5] 1975 Geneva, Switzerland
  • Offenses involving works of art and other cultural property
  • Criminality associated with alcoholism and drug use
  • Interpersonal violence
  • Criminality associated with migration and flight from natural disasters and hostilities
  • Female criminality
  • Terrorism
Adopted the Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Being Subjected to Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment [7]
6th Congress [5] 1980 Caracas, Venezuela
  • Crime trends and crime prevention strategies
  • Improvement of crime statistics
  • Development of minimum standards of juvenile justice
  • Measures to put an end to torture and extra-legal executions
  • De-institutionalization of corrections and community measures
  • Specific needs of women prisoners
7th Congress [5] 1985 Milan, ItalyAdopted:
8th Congress [5] 1990 Havana, CubaAdopted:
9th Congress [5] 1995 Cairo, Egypt
  • Action against transnational and organized crime
  • The role of criminal law in the protection of the environment
  • Criminal justice and police systems
  • Crime prevention strategies in urban areas
  • Youth crime
10th Congress [5] 2000 Vienna, Austria
  • The rule of law and the strengthening of the criminal justice system
  • International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime
  • Effective crime prevention
  • Combating corruption
  • Crimes relating to the computer network
  • Community involvement in crime prevention
  • Women in the criminal justice system
Adopted the Vienna Declaration on Crime and Justice: Meeting the Challenges of the Twenty-first Century [19]
11th Congress [5] 2005 Bangkok, Thailand
  • Effective measures to combat transnational organized crime
  • Economic and financial crime: challenges to sustainable development
  • Corruptions: threats and trends in the twenty-first century
  • International cooperation against terrorism and links between terrorism and other criminal activities
  • Standard-setting in crime prevention and criminal justice
Adopted the Bangkok Declaration on Synergies and Responses: Strategic Alliances in Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice [20]
12th Congress [21] 2010 Salvador, Brazil
13th Congress [22] 2015 Doha, QatarAdopted the Doha Declaration on Integrating Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice into the Wider United Nations Agenda to Address Social and Economic Challenges and to Promote the Rule of Law at the National and International Levels, and Public Participation [23]
14th Congress [24] [25] 2021 Kyoto, Japan

Overall theme: "Advancing crime prevention, criminal justice and the rule of law: towards the achievement of the 2030 Agenda"

  • Evidence-based crime prevention: statistics, indicators and evaluation in support of successful practices
  • Reducing reoffending: identifying risks and developing solutions
  • Education and youth engagement as key to making societies resilient to crime
  • Current crime trends, recent developments and emerging solutions, in particular new technologies as means for and tools against crime
Postponed by the General Assembly due to concerns surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. [26]

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 Previous Congresses, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
  2. ↑ Regional Preparatory Meetings, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
  3. ↑ International Penal and Penitentiary Commission (IPPC) Archived 6 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine , United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
  4. ↑ Middendorff, Wolf (8–20 August 1950). "Second United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders" (PDF). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime . London: United Nations . Retrieved 11 March 2019.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "United Nations Congresses on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice 1955–2010: 55 years of achievement" (PDF). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. United Nations. February 2010. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
  6. ↑ "Standard Minmim Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners" (PDF). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  7. ↑ "Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Being Subjected to Torture". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights . United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  8. ↑ "Beijing Rules" (PDF). Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights . United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  9. ↑ "General Assembly Resolution A/RES/40/34". United Nations. 29 November 1985. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  10. ↑ "Basic Principles on the Independence of the Judiciary". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights . United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  11. 1 2 "Handbook on the International Transfer of Sentenced Persons" (PDF). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. 2012. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  12. ↑ "Genereal Assembly Resolution A/RES/45/111". United Nations. 14 December 1990. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  13. ↑ "General Assembly Resolution A/RES/45/112". United Nations. 14 December 1990. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  14. ↑ "United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights . United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  15. ↑ "Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights . United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  16. ↑ "United Nations Guidelines on the Role of Prosecutors". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights . United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  17. ↑ "Basic Principles on the Role of Lawyers". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights . United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  18. ↑ "Tokyo Rules". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights . United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  19. ↑ "Vienna Declaration on Crime and Justice" (PDF). United Nations. 12 April 2000. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  20. ↑ "Bangkok Declaration" (PDF). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime . Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  21. ↑ Twelfth United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice (Salvador, Brazil, 12–19 April 2010) Archived 16 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine ,
  22. ↑ 13th Crime Congress - official website, United Nations.
  23. ↑ Doha Declaration, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
  24. ↑ 14th Crime Congress - website of UNODC, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
  25. ↑ 14th Crime Congress - website of host country, Ministry of Justice (Japan).
  26. ↑ United Nations General Assembly Session 47 Decision47. Fourteenth United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal JusticeA/74/L.47 6 April 2020. Retrieved 21 June 2020.

Related Research Articles

International human rights law (IHRL) is the body of international law designed to promote human rights on social, regional, and domestic levels. As a form of international law, international human rights law are primarily made up of treaties, agreements between sovereign states intended to have binding legal effect between the parties that have agreed to them; and customary international law. Other international human rights instruments, while not legally binding, contribute to the implementation, understanding and development of international human rights law and have been recognized as a source of political obligation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime</span> Intergovernmental organization

The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime is a United Nations office that was established in 1997 as the Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention by combining the United Nations International Drug Control Program (UNDCP) and the Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Division in the United Nations Office at Vienna, adopting the current name in 2002.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Commission on Narcotic Drugs</span> Central drug policy-making body of the UN System

The Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND) is one of the functional commissions of the United Nations' Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), and is the central drug policy-making body within the United Nations System. The CND also has important mandates under the three international drug control conventions, alongside the three other treaty-mandated bodies: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, World Health Organization, and International Narcotics Control Board.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">International criminal law</span> Public international law

International criminal law (ICL) is a body of public international law designed to prohibit certain categories of conduct commonly viewed as serious atrocities and to make perpetrators of such conduct criminally accountable for their perpetration. The core crimes under international law are genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and the crime of aggression.

The Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action (VDPA) is a human rights declaration adopted by consensus at the World Conference on Human Rights on 25 June 1993 in Vienna, Austria. The position of United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights was recommended by this Declaration and subsequently created by General Assembly Resolution 48/141.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Transnational organized crime</span> Organized crime across national borders

Transnational organized crime (TOC) is organized crime coordinated across national borders, involving groups or markets of individuals working in more than one country to plan and execute illegal business ventures. In order to achieve their goals, these criminal groups use systematic violence and corruption. Common transnational organized crimes include conveying drugs, conveying arms, trafficking for sex, toxic waste disposal, materials theft and poaching.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Luis Alfonso de Alba</span> Mexican diplomat

Luis Alfonso de Alba Góngora is a Mexican diplomat.

The United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI) is one of the five United Nations Research and Training Institutes. The institute was founded in 1968 to assist the international community in formulating and implementing improved policies in the field of crime prevention and criminal justice. Its work currently focuses on Goal 16 of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, that is centred on promoting peaceful, just and inclusive societies, free from crime and violence.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LGBT rights at the United Nations</span>

Discussions of LGBT rights at the United Nations have included resolutions and joint statements in the United Nations General Assembly and the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC), attention to the expert-led human rights mechanisms, as well as by the UN Agencies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blue Heart Campaign</span> Anti-trafficking program by the UNODC

The Blue Heart Campaign is an international anti-trafficking program started by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). Established in 1997, the UNODC supported countries in implementing three UN drug protocols. In 2000, after the UN General Assembly adopted the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, the UNODC became the “guardian” of that protocol and assumed the functions of fighting against human trafficking. The Blue Heart Campaign was launched in March 2009 by the Executive Director of the UNODC, Antonio Maria Costa, during his address to the World's Women's Conference meeting in Vienna. The campaign's symbol is a blue heart. The Blue Heart Campaign uses its website, as well as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and Flickr to communicate goals, objectives, and news with the public.

The Secretariat for Multidimensional Security of the Organization of American States is a part of the General Secretariat, which is headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States. The Secretariat for Multidimensional Security has a mandate to promote cooperation between Organization's Member States, Inter-American and international organizations, as well as with entities such as the United Nations and its subsidiaries, in order to analyze, prevent, confront and respond to security threats.

The International Penal and Penitentiary Foundation is an international organisation with quasi-governmental status. It promotes studies on crime-prevention and treatment of offenders, focussing on research, publications and teaching. It has been approved by the General Assembly of the United Nations and holds consultative status at the United Nations and the Council of Europe.

The Minnesota Protocol on the Investigation of Potentially Unlawful Death (2016) is a set of international guidelines for the investigation of suspicious deaths, particularly those in which the responsibility of a State is suspected.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations General Assembly Third Committee</span>

The United Nations General Assembly Third Committee is one of six main committees at the General Assembly of the United Nations. It deals with human rights, humanitarian affairs and social matters.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict</span> Office of the United Nations Secretariat

The Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict (OSRSG-SVC) is an office of the United Nations Secretariat tasked with serving the United Nations' spokesperson and political advocate on conflict-related sexual violence, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict (SRSG-SVC). The Special Representative holds the rank of Under-Secretary-General of the UN and chairs the UN Action Against Sexual Violence in Conflict. The mandate of the SRSG-SVC was established by Security Council Resolution 1888, introduced by Hillary Clinton, and the first Special Representative, Margot Wallström, took office in 2010. The current Special Representative is Pramila Patten of Mauritius, who was appointed by UN Secretary General António Guterres in 2017. The work of the SRSG-SVC is supported by the UN Team of Experts on the Rule of Law/Sexual Violence in Conflict, co-led by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations (DPO), Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) and the UN Development Programme (UNDP), also established under Security Council Resolution 1888.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sustainable Development Goal 16</span> United Nations sustainable development goal

Sustainable Development Goal 16 is one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals established by the United Nations in 2015, the official wording is: "Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels". The Goal has 12 targets and 23 indicators.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice</span>

The Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice (CCPCJ) is a functional commission of the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) based in Vienna. The commission serves as the primary organ that guides the activities of the United Nations in the fields of crime prevention and criminal justice.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">UN General Assembly Resolution 60/147</span> United Nations resolution adopted in 2005

UN General Assembly Resolution 60/147, the Basic Principles and Guidelines on the Right to a Remedy and Reparation for Victims of Gross Violations of International Human Rights Law and Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law, is a United Nations Resolution about the rights of victims of international crimes. It was adopted by the General Assembly on 16 December 2005 in its 60th session. According to the preamble, the purpose of the Resolution is to assist victims and their representatives to remedial relief and to guide and encourage States in the implementation of public policies on reparations.

The International Legal Foundation (ILF) is an international non-governmental organization founded in 2001. It is focused on establishing and strengthening criminal legal aid systems around the world. In addition to its technical assistance work with foreign governments, the ILF provides direct legal aid services through its multiple in-country offices. To date, ILF lawyers have defended more than 60,000 accused individuals worldwide.

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.