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Developer(s) | ReliaSolve |
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Written in | C++, Python, Java |
Type | VR Middleware |
Website | github |
VRPN (Virtual-Reality Peripheral Network) is a device-independent, network-based interface for accessing virtual reality peripherals in VR applications. It was originally designed and implemented by Russell M. Taylor II at the Department of Computer Science of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. VRPN was maintained and supported by Sensics [1] while it was business. It is currently maintained by ReliaSolve and developed in collaboration with a productive community of contributors. It is described more fully at vrpn.net and in VRPN-VRST. [2]
The purpose of VRPN is to provide a unified interface to input devices, like motion trackers or joystick controllers. It also provides the following:
The VRPN system consists of programming interfaces for both the client application and the hardware drivers and a server application that communicates with the hardware devices. The client interfaces are written in C++ but have been wrapped in C#, Python and Java.
A typical application of VRPN is to encode and send 6DoF motion capture data through the network in real time.
A VRPN client can establish a connection with a VRPN server (the device providing the data) in two ways: either over TCP (reliable, but less efficient), or over UDP (unreliable, but lower-latency and more efficient). The "unreliable" mode is generally preferred when the latency is critical.
The "unreliable" connection initialization sequence makes use of both the TCP and UDP protocols. It works as follows: [3]
The advantages of this approach are: fast connection time and fast failure detection during connection.
However, the "unreliable" connection initialization protocol does not honor the strict layering protocol design principle, as the application-level VRPN payload leaks information about lower levels in the network stack, namely the machine names and TCP/UDP port numbers. Because of this design choice, it is impossible to establish a VRPN connection between two devices connected through a NAT: the router would need to translate not only the layer-3 information in the packet headers, but also the references to IP addresses and port numbers inside the VRPN payload.
To deal with this problem, VRPN offers [4] a second "reliable", TCP-only connection initialization mode, which is a standard TCP server-client interaction: the VRPN server listens on a well-known TCP port and the client initiates a connection. In this mode, all the data is sent on the same TCP connection, and no UDP communication is required.
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