Valiente Formation

Last updated
Valiente Formation
Stratigraphic range: Serravallian
Type Formation
Unit of Bocas del Toro Group
Underlies Nancy Point Formation
Location
Coordinates 9°12′N82°06′W / 9.2°N 82.1°W / 9.2; -82.1 Coordinates: 9°12′N82°06′W / 9.2°N 82.1°W / 9.2; -82.1
Approximate paleocoordinates 8°48′N80°18′W / 8.8°N 80.3°W / 8.8; -80.3
Region Bocas del Toro
CountryFlag of Panama.svg  Panama
Type section
Named for Valiente Peninsula
Panama relief location map.jpg
Yellow pog.svg
Valiente Formation (Panama)

The Valiente Formation is a geologic formation of the Bocas del Toro Group in the Bocas del Toro Province of northwestern Panama. The formation underlies the Nancy Point Formation and preserves bivalve, gastropod and scaphopod fossils dating back to the Serravallian period. [1]

Contents

See also

Related Research Articles

Bocas del Toro Province Province of Panama

Bocas del Toro (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbokaz ðel ˈtoɾo]; meaning "Bull’s river mouths") is a province of Panama. Its area is 4,643.9 square kilometers, comprising the mainland and nine main islands. The province consists of the Bocas del Toro Archipelago, Bahía Almirante, Chiriquí Lagoon, and adjacent mainland. The capital is the city of Bocas del Toro on Isla Colón. Other major cities or towns include Almirante and Changuinola. The province has a population of 125,461 as of 2010.

Bocas Town, Bocas del Toro Corregimiento and town in Bocas del Toro, Panama

Bocas del Toro, also known colloquially as Bocas Town, is the capital of the Panamanian province of Bocas del Toro and the district of Bocas del Toro. It is a town and a tourist resort located on the southern tip of Colón Island in the Bocas del Toro Archipelago in the Caribbean Sea. Bocas Town had 12,996 residents in 2008.

Bocas del Toro Patois, or Panamanian Patois English, is a dialect of Jamaican Patois, an English-based creole, spoken in Bocas del Toro Province, Panama. It is similar to Central American varieties such as Limonese Creole. It does not have the status of an official language. It was pejoratively known as "guari-guari."

Ngäbe Ethnic group of present-day Panama and Costa Rica

The Ngäbe are an indigenous people within the territories of present-day Panama and Costa Rica in Central America. The Ngäbe mostly live within the Ngäbe-Buglé comarca in the Western Panamanian provinces of Veraguas, Chiriquí and Bocas del Toro. They also have five indigenous territories in southwestern Costa Rica, encompassing 23,600 hectares: Coto Brus, Abrojos Montezuma, Conte Burica, Altos de San Antonio and Guaymi de Osa. In the early 21st century, there are approximately 200,000-250,000 speakers of the Ngäbere language.

Mosquito Gulf is a gulf of the Caribbean Sea on the north coast of Panama, extending from the Valiente Peninsula in Bocas del Toro, past the north coast of Veraguas to the province of Colón, Panama.

Colón Island Islands of Panama in Bocas del Toro Province

Colón Island is the northernmost and main island in the Bocas del Toro Archipelago located in Bocas del Toro Province, Panama. The capital city of the province, Bocas del Toro, is located on the island and is one of Panama's main tourist attractions with over 150,000 visitors per year and an 8% annual rate of growth in tourism.

Bocas del Toro is the Spanish for "the bull's mouths" or "the bull's gulf". Bocas del Toro refers to many places in Panama.

Bocas del Toro "Isla Colón" International Airport

Bocas del Toro "Isla Colón" International Airport is a public airport located 1.5 kilometres (1 mi) northwest of the center of Bocas del Toro, a town on Isla Colón in the Bocas del Toro Province of Panama. The facility is also called José Ezequiel Hall International Airport.

The Bocas del Toro Research Station (BRS) is a field station of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) on Panama’s western Caribbean coast, is a platform for both marine and terrestrial biodiversity research. The station hosts a diverse group of scientists from more than 20 countries, every year.

Bocas del Toro District District in Bocas del Toro, Panama

Bocas del Toro is a district (distrito) of Bocas del Toro Province in Panama. The population according to the 2012 census was 16,815; the latest official estimate is 21,396. The district covers a total area of 433.2 km². The capital lies at the town of Bocas del Toro. Major industries include tourism and agriculture.

Bocas del Toro Archipelago

The Bocas del Toro Archipelago is a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea in the northwest of Panama. The archipelago separates Almirante Bay and Chiriquí Lagoon from the open Caribbean Sea. The archipelago is part of the Bocas del Toro District which is part of Bocas del Toro Province. The major city is Bocas del Toro, also called Bocas Town, on Isla Colón. The islands are accessible by water taxis and private boats. Isla Colón is accessible by airplanes, ferries, private boats, and water taxis. Bocas del Toro "Isla Colón" International Airport, located just west of Bocas Town, provides air transportation to and from the islands. Ferries serve Bocas Town from Almirante, Changuinola, and Chiriquí Grande.

Changuinola "Capitán Manuel Niño" International Airport

Changuinola "Capitan Manuel Niño" International Airport is an airport serving Changuinola, the capital of the Changuinola District in the Bocas del Toro Province in Panama. The name is in honor of the first Panamanian pilot.

Solarte Island

Solarte Island, also known as Nancy's Cay, is an 8 km2 island located only 1 mile east of Bocas del Toro, in the Bocas del Toro Province, Panama. The two hundred Ngöbe Buglé fishing community lives on the island without electricity or telephone system, capturing water from a well.

Cayos Zapatilla Two islands in Panama

Cayos Zapatilla is a group of two uninhabited islands located east of Isla Bastimentos in the Bocas del Toro Archipelago of Bocas del Toro Province, Panama. North Cayo Zapatilla is 14 hectares long while south Cayo Zapatilla is comparatively bigger with 34 hectares. Both islands lie within the boundaries of the Isla Bastimentos National Marine Park.

The Cayo Agua Formation is a geologic formation in Panama. It preserves fossils dating back to the Pliocene period.

Old Bank Formation Geological Formation

The Old Bank Formation is a geologic formation in Bocas del Toro Province, Panama. It preserves coral fossils dating back to the Messinian period.

Isla Colón Formation

The Isla Colón Formation is an Early Pleistocene geologic formation in the Bocas del Toro Province of northwestern Panama. It preserves coral fossils. The formation, part of the Bocas del Toro Group, comprises limestones and sandstones deposited in a reefal environment.

Bocas del Toro Group

The Bocas del Toro Group is a geologic group in Panama. It preserves fossils dating back to the Serravallian to Early Pleistocene period. The group comprises the Swan Cay, Isla Colón, Escudo de Veraguas, Cayo Agua, Shark Hole Point, Nancy Point and Valiente Formations.

Chiriquí Lagoon

Chiriquí Lagoon is a large lagoon on the northwest coast of Panama covering an area of about 900 square kilometres (350 sq mi). It is separated from the Caribbean Sea by the Valiente Peninsula to the east and from Almirante Bay by islands in the Bocas del Toro Archipelago to the northwest, including Cayo Agua and Isla Popa. The widest and deepest entrance into the bay is the Canal del Tigre in the northeast, which is the main access channel for ships entering the lagoon.

References

Further reading