Vienna Convention on Succession of States in respect of Treaties

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Vienna Convention on Succession of States in respect of Treaties
Vienna Convention on Succession of States in respect of Treaties parties.svg
  Parties
  Signatories
  Non-parties
SignedAugust 22, 1978
Location Vienna
EffectiveNovember 6, 1996
Condition15 ratifications
Parties23 [1]
Depositary Secretary-General of the United Nations
LanguagesArabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish
Wikisource-logo.svg Wikisource
States succession in respect of treaties (1978) States succession in respect of treaties.pdf
States succession in respect of treaties (1978)

The Vienna Convention on Succession of States in respect of Treaties is an international treaty opened for signature in 1978 to set rules on succession of states. It was adopted partly in response to the "profound transformation of the international community brought about by the decolonization process". It entered into force on 6 November 1996, which was triggered by the succession of the Republic of Macedonia to the treaty giving it the requisite 15 parties. [1]

Contents

The treaty has proven to be controversial largely because it distinguishes between "newly independent states" (a euphemism for former colonies) and "cases of separation of parts of a state" (a euphemism for all other new states).

Article 16 states that newly independent states receive a "clean slate", such that the new state does not inherit the treaty obligations of the colonial power, whereas article 34(1) states that all other new states remain bound by the treaty obligations of the state from which they separated. Moreover, article 17 states that newly independent states may join multilateral treaties to which their former colonizers were a party without the consent of the other parties in most circumstances, whereas article 9 states that all other new states may only join multilateral treaties to which their predecessor states were a part with the consent of the other parties.

Parties to the convention

As of February 2019, there are 23 state parties which have ratified the convention. A further 14 states signed the convention but have not ratified it. [1]

List of parties

State [1] SignedDepositedMethod
Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg  Bosnia and Herzegovina Jul 22, 1993Succession from Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg  Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Aug 23, 1978Feb 7, 2019
Flag of Croatia.svg  Croatia Oct 22, 1992Succession from Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg  Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Flag of Cyprus.svg  Cyprus Mar 12, 2004Accession
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic Feb 22, 1993Jul 26, 1999Ratification
Succession to the signature of Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia
Flag of Dominica.svg  Dominica Jun 24, 1988Accession
Flag of Ecuador.svg  Ecuador Jul 25, 2006Accession
Flag of Egypt.svg  Egypt Jul 17, 1986Accession
Flag of Estonia.svg  Estonia Oct 21, 1991Accession
Flag of Ethiopia.svg  Ethiopia Aug 23, 1978May 28, 1980Ratification
Flag of Iraq.svg  Iraq May 23, 1979Dec 5, 1979Ratification
Flag of Liberia.svg  Liberia Sep 16, 2005Accession
Flag of Moldova.svg  Moldova Feb 9, 2009Accession
Flag of Montenegro.svg  Montenegro Oct 23, 2006Succession from Flag of Serbia and Montenegro (1992-2006).svg  Serbia and Montenegro
Flag of Morocco.svg  Morocco Mar 31, 1983Accession
Flag of North Macedonia.svg  North Macedonia Oct 7, 1996Succession from Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg  Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Apr 27, 1999Accession
Flag of Serbia.svg  Serbia Mar 12, 2001Succession as Flag of Serbia and Montenegro (1992-2006).svg  Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg  Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Flag of the Seychelles.svg  Seychelles Feb 22, 1980Accession
Flag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia May 28, 1993Apr 24, 1995Ratification
Succession to the signature of Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia
Flag of Slovenia.svg  Slovenia Jul 6, 1992Succession from Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg  Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Flag of Tunisia.svg  Tunisia Sep 16, 1981Accession
Flag of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine Oct 26, 1992Accession

List of signatory states

State [1] Signed
Flag of Angola.svg  Angola Aug 23, 1978
Flag of Chile.svg  Chile Aug 23, 1978
Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg  Côte d'Ivoire Aug 23, 1978
Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg  DR Congo Aug 23, 1978
Flag of the Vatican City.svg   Holy See Aug 23, 1978
Flag of Madagascar.svg  Madagascar Aug 23, 1978
Flag of Niger.svg  Niger Aug 23, 1978
Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan Jan 10, 1979
Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay Aug 31, 1979
Flag of Peru.svg  Peru Aug 30, 1978
Flag of Poland.svg  Poland Aug 16, 1979
Flag of Senegal.svg  Senegal Aug 23, 1978
Flag of Sudan.svg  Sudan Aug 23, 1978
Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay Aug 23, 1978

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Vienna Convention on succession of States in respect of treaties". United Nations Treaty Series. 2013-07-26. Retrieved 2013-07-26.