Willie Herenton | |
---|---|
62nd Mayor of Memphis | |
In office January 1, 1992 –July 30, 2009 | |
Preceded by | Richard Hackett |
Succeeded by | Myron Lowery (acting) |
Personal details | |
Born | Willie Wilbert Herenton April 23,1940 Memphis,Tennessee,U.S. |
Political party | Democratic |
Education | LeMoyne-Owen College (BA) University of Memphis (MEd) Southern Illinois University (EdD) |
Willie Wilbert Herenton (born April 23,1940) is an American politician from Memphis,Tennessee. He was elected as the first elected African-American Mayor of Memphis,Tennessee. [1] He was elected to five consecutive terms and abruptly resigned the position mid-way through his fifth term in 2009. [2]
Willie Wilbert Herenton was born to Ruby Lee Harris in Memphis,Tennessee. [3] Raised by a single mother,Herenton was encouraged at a young age to pursue his dreams of becoming a Golden Gloves boxer. Herenton graduated from Le Moyne-Owen College with a bachelors of science in Elementary Education and from the University of Memphis (formerly Memphis State University) with a masters in Educational Administration. [4] [5] However,segregation forced Herenton to leave Memphis to attain his doctorate in education at Southern Illinois University.
After graduating from Le Moyne-Owen,Herenton began working at Memphis City Schools as a fifth-grade teacher in Memphis. During the 1968 Memphis Sanitation Strike,Herenton marched in solidarity with the sanitation workers;however,the choice to march with Martin Luther King,Jr. and wear the sign declaring "I AM A MAN" resulted in threats of termination and ostracism from school district leadership and fellow teachers. [6] But in 1969 Herenton was appointed principal of Bethel Grove Elementary and at 28 became the youngest principal ever hired in Memphis. Three years later,he completed his Ph.D. degree at Southern Illinois University. A year after returning from the Rockefeller Foundation Superintendent Training Program,Herenton became the Deputy Superintendent of Memphis City Schools. In 1979,Herenton became the first African-American superintendent of Memphis City Schools. During Herenton's 12-year tenure as MCS superintendent,ambitious programs aimed at creating opportunities and services to disadvantaged youth,as well as expanding teacher freedoms,were implemented. [7] However,he was mired in controversy after accusations of sexual harassment from a female teacher surfaced in 1988,leading to his divorce,an admission of an affair,and an out-of-court settlement. Further criticism of his performance as superintendent,as well as an impending mayoral campaign,led him to resign in 1991. [8]
In April 1991,more than 3000 predominantly African-American citizens of Memphis gathered in the Mid-South Coliseum and selected Herenton as the consensus candidate for the 1991 mayoral election. [9] On October 3,Herenton became the first African-American to be elected mayor of Memphis (J.O. Patterson,Jr. served as interim mayor in 1982). Herenton won his first term by defeating incumbent mayor Richard Hackett in 1991 by 146 votes.
Herenton went on to win five consecutive mayoral elections. He was elected to his fifth term in office on October 4,2007.
During his tenure,some critics referred to him as "King Willie",after he was televised saying he didn't care whether Memphians voted for him or not. Another scandal ensued when he started a second chance program for first time offenders,allegedly connected to his relationship to a female felon.
Herenton was praised for putting the city on solid financial footing and presiding over the redevelopment of downtown Memphis,an influx of private capital investment,and the arrival of two professional sports teams:the Memphis Grizzlies and Memphis Redbirds. [10]
Herenton was long-listed for the 2008 World Mayor award;however,he was not selected for this honor. [11]
On March 20,2008,Herenton announced that he would be stepping down from his position as Memphis' mayor,effective July 31,2008. This move angered many politicians in the city,including Councilwoman Carol Chumney,who had run for mayor of Memphis in the October 2007 election. He made this announcement just over 90 days after his fifth re-election. [12] Herenton stated that he was departing office in order to seek the position of superintendent of Memphis City Schools,amidst speculation that he was stepping down in advance of a run for Congress or because of impending legal troubles from an ongoing criminal investigation at City Hall. [13] He later stated that he would not leave the office of mayor unless he got the position as the superintendent of schools. [14] Herenton said that he only ran for re-election in 2007 to protect the city of Memphis from the other main candidates,Herman Morris and Councilwoman Carol Chumney. [15] When the stated day came,Herenton failed to step down as Mayor and said he would serve out his term until 2011.
In April 2009,Herenton formed an exploratory committee to run in the 2010 US Congressional Election for the 9th District of Tennessee,presumably intending to challenge incumbent Steve Cohen in the Democratic primary. [16] On June 25,2009,Herenton announced his resignation as Mayor,effective July 10. [17] On July 6,he announced that he would delay his retirement until July 30. [18]
He resigned from office on July 30,2009. Memphis City Council Chairman Myron Lowery was appointed as mayor pro tempore. Lowery served for three months before losing to A.C. Wharton in a special election to serve out the remainder of Herenton’s term. [19]
In 2010,Herenton announced that he would run against Congressman Steve Cohen in the Democratic Primary for Tennessee's 9th congressional district—a majority African-American and heavily Democratic-leaning district.
In September 2009,Herenton attracted controversy with his statement in a radio interview that Congressman Steve Cohen "really does not think very much of African-Americans" and that "[Cohen]'s played the black community well." Herenton's campaign manager,Sidney Chism,who is African American,told the New York Times that the Memphis-area congressional seat held by Cohen,who is Jewish,"was set aside for people who look like me. It wasn't set aside for a Jew or a Christian. It was set aside so that blacks could have representation." The National Jewish Democratic Council (NJDC) criticized Herenton for these remarks,stating that his comments were "unacceptable in a Democratic primary or anywhere in our political discourse." [20] [21]
Despite Herenton's attempts to isolate Cohen from the African-American voters,Cohen received endorsements from both President Barack Obama and the Congressional Black Caucus. [22] Cohen won the Democratic primary election,with Herenton taking 20% of the vote. [23]
On April 5,2018,Herenton announced his intention to run for mayor of Memphis for a 6th term,challenging the incumbent Jim Strickland in the 2019 Memphis mayoral election. [24] Strickland won the election,and Herenton conceded to Strickland on the night of the election. [25]
On February 6,2023,Herenton joined the race to succeed Strickland. [26] Herenton placed third with 22% of the vote,behind Shelby County Sheriff Floyd Bonner and CEO of the Downtown Memphis Commission,Paul Young,who was elected mayor. [27]
Herenton has four children;he and his first wife are divorced. His grandson Willie played college basketball at Miami (Florida). [28]
Stephen Ira Cohen is an American attorney and politician serving as the U.S. representative from Tennessee's 9th congressional district since 2007. He is a member of the Democratic Party. The district includes the western three-fourths of Memphis. Cohen is Tennessee's first Jewish congressman and since 2023 has been the dean of and only Democrat in the state's congressional delegation.
Orange Mound,a neighborhood in southeastern Memphis,Tennessee,was the first US neighborhood to be built by and for African Americans.
The 2006 congressional elections in Tennessee was held on November 7,2006,to determine who will represent the state of Tennessee in the United States House of Representatives.
Carolyn Jean Chumney is an American lawyer and politician from the U.S. state of Tennessee. She served in the Tennessee House of Representatives from 1991 to 2003. She represented the fifth district on the Memphis,Tennessee City Council from 2004 to 2007. Chumney came in second place in the Democratic primary for Shelby County mayor in 2002,and within 7 points of being elected the first woman Memphis mayor in 2007. Chumney was a leading attorney taking the fight for election security to the U.S. Supreme Court and Congress. She is also the author of "The Arena:One Woman's Story" [Lady Justice Publishing 2021],which has gained national recognition,including First Place At-Large Autobiography,by the National Federation of Press Women. Chumney is now an elected Shelby County Circuit Court Judge and took office on September 1,2022,after winning the countywide election.
Barbara Lee Cooper was an American politician and a Democratic member of the Tennessee House of Representatives for the 86th District.
Memphis,Tennessee is governed by a mayor and thirteen city council members. Since 1995,as a result of a legal challenge,all council members are elected from nine geographic districts. Seven are single-member districts and two have three representatives each.
2009 United States elections were held on Tuesday,November 3. During this off-year election,the only seats up for election in the United States Congress were special elections held throughout the year. In total,only the seat representing New York's 23rd congressional district changed party hands,increasing the Democratic Party's majority over the Republicans in the United States House of Representatives,258–177.
Myron Lowery is an American politician who served as the Mayor Pro Tem of Memphis,Tennessee,from July 31,2009 to October 26,2009. He is a former television news anchor for WMC-TV 5 in Memphis. Mayor Pro Tem Lowery has served on the Memphis City Council since 1991. He became interim mayor on July 31,2009,following the retirement of Mayor W. W. Herenton. He ran for Mayor of Memphis in a special election held on October 15,2009,losing to A C Wharton.
A C Wharton Jr. is an American educator,politician,and attorney who served as the 63rd mayor of Memphis,Tennessee and previously mayor of Shelby County. He was the first African American to serve as mayor of Shelby County.
Harold Eugene Ford Jr. is an American financial managing director,pundit,author,and former U.S. Congressman who served from 1997 to 2007 in the United States House of Representatives as a member of the Democratic Party from Tennessee's 9th congressional district,centered in Memphis. He is a member of the Ford political family from Memphis,and is the son of former Congressman Harold Ford Sr.,who held the same seat for 22 years. In 2006,Ford made an unsuccessful bid for the U.S. Senate seat vacated by the retiring Bill Frist. He was also the last chairman of the Democratic Leadership Council (DLC).
Lee Ardrey Harris is an American politician who currently serves as the Mayor of Shelby County,previously serving as a member of the Tennessee Senate,representing the 29th district. Harris is also a law professor. Prior to his election to the state senate,Harris represented District 7 on the Memphis City Council. He was born and raised in Memphis,and studied at Morehouse College,followed by Yale Law School.
The 2015 Memphis mayoral election took place on October 8,2015,to elect the next mayor of Memphis,Tennessee. Incumbent Democratic Mayor A C Wharton ran for re-election to a second full term in office. He was defeated by Memphis City Councilman Jim Strickland,a fellow Democrat,who earned a plurality of the vote and became the first White mayor of Memphis in more than two decades.
James Steven Strickland Jr. is an American attorney and politician who served as the 64th mayor of Memphis,Tennessee between 2016 and 2024. A Democrat,he previously served as a member of the Memphis City Council. Strickland is also an adjunct professor at the Cecil C. Humphreys School of Law.
Maxine (Atkins) Smith born in Memphis,Tennessee,United States,was an academic,civil rights activist,and school board official.
David Frank Kustoff is an American politician and attorney serving as the United States representative from Tennessee's 8th congressional district. The district includes the bulk of West Tennessee,but most of its population is in the eastern part of the Memphis area,including the eastern fourth of Memphis itself. From 2006 to 2008,Kustoff served as a United States Attorney for the Western District of Tennessee. He is one of two Jewish Republicans in Congress,alongside Max Miller.
The 2019 Memphis mayoral election took place on October 3,2019,to elect the mayor of Memphis,Tennessee. Jim Strickland,the incumbent mayor,was re-elected to second term in office. The mayoral election coincided with elections to all thirteen seats on the Memphis City Council.
The 2022 Tennessee gubernatorial election took place on November 8,2022,to elect the governor of Tennessee,alongside other state and local elections. Incumbent Republican governor Bill Lee was re-elected to a second term with 64.9% of the vote,defeating his Democratic challenger Jason Martin. Lee improved on his performance from 2018.
The 2023 Memphis mayoral election took place on October 5,2023,to elect the next mayor of Memphis,Tennessee. Incumbent Jim Strickland was term-limited and could not seek re-election to a third term in office. The election used the plurality vote system,with no possibility of a runoff. The election was officially non-partisan,but several candidates were affiliated with political parties.
The 2022 Shelby County mayoral election was held on August 4,2022,to elect the mayor of Shelby County,Tennessee. Incumbent Democratic Mayor Lee Harris won re-election with 58.0% of the vote,defeating Republican nominee Worth Morgan.
The 2011 Memphis mayoral election took place on October 6,2011,to elect the mayor of Memphis,Tennessee. Incumbent mayor A C Wharton,who took office on October 26,2009,upon the resignation of Willie Herenton,ran for election to a full term and won.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)