A C Wharton Jr. | |
---|---|
63rd Mayor of Memphis | |
In office October 26, 2009 –December 31, 2015 | |
Preceded by | Willie Herenton Myron Lowery (pro tem) |
Succeeded by | Jim Strickland |
Personal details | |
Born | Lebanon,Tennessee,U.S. | August 17,1944
Political party | Democratic |
Spouse | Ruby Wharton |
Alma mater | Tennessee State University (BA) University of Mississippi (JD) |
Website | ACwharton.com |
A C Wharton Jr. (born August 17,1944) is an American educator,politician,and attorney who served as the 63rd mayor of Memphis,Tennessee and previously mayor of Shelby County. He was the first African American to serve as mayor of Shelby County. [1]
A C Wharton was born and raised in Lebanon,Tennessee. [2] A C Wharton shares his name with his father and grandfather,and named his eldest son by the same name. Wharton has stated that his first name is simply the letters "A" and "C" and does not stand for anything else. [3]
He graduated from Tennessee State University with a degree in political science and earned a J.D. degree from the University of Mississippi. He became an academic,teaching at the university for 25 years. [4]
In 1980,then-Shelby County Mayor Bill Morris appointed Wharton as Chief Shelby County Public Defender. His concern for the mentally ill in the criminal justice system resulted in the Jericho Initiative,which became a national model program. [5] He chaired the county's Jail Overcrowding Committee and developed new ways to reduce overcrowding without compromising public safety. [6]
In 2002 Wharton was elected as the first African-American mayor of Shelby County. He became a member of the Mayors Against Illegal Guns Coalition, [7] a group with the stated goal of "making the public safer by getting illegal guns off the streets." Wharton initiated Operation Safe Community. [8] In addition,he developed a program to help prisoners develop the skills to succeed in life and to support their families. He increased funding for the drug court. He is credited with working to toughen gun laws and seeking passage of laws that make criminals pay into a special program to help victims.
Wharton improved the management and accountability of the county's Head Start program. His reforms attracted the attention of the United States Congress,where he was called to testify before the House Committee on Education,with many of his subsequent recommendations being incorporated as changes to public policy. He was a strong advocate "Books from Birth," a unique early-childhood education program which provides books for over 28,000 children in Memphis and Shelby County every year. [9]
Between 2008 and 2009,Wharton convened and led the community-wide effort which led to the drafting of Sustainable Shelby,an environmentally sustainable agenda for the county. [10]
In June 2009,Wharton announced his intentions to run for mayor of Memphis in a special election to replace Mayor W. W. Herenton,who vacated the office soon after being elected to his fifth term in order to run again for superintendent of the city school board. [11] The special election was held on October 15,2009. Based on unofficial returns,Wharton won election with 60 percent of the vote in a field of 25 candidates. [12]
Wharton was sworn into office on October 26,2009. [13] He was the fourth African American to serve as Mayor of Memphis (previous African-American mayors were J. O. Patterson Jr.,W. W. Herenton,and Myron Lowery). He was the second African American (after Herenton) to be elected to that office.
In 2010,Wharton pledged to build over 50 miles of bicycle lanes and associated facilities in Memphis. [14] Memphis had been ranked as one of America's worst cities for cycling by Bicycling magazine in 2008. [15] The Memphis Greenline was completed and bike lanes were designated throughout the city. There are plans for further expansion with the aid of a $15 million federal grant. [15] In 2010 Wharton hired the city's first Bicycle and Pedestrian Coordinator.
He created the city's Office of Talent and Capital in 2010 in an effort to promote employment in the city. [16]
In September 2013,a U.S. Chamber of Commerce Foundation report recognized Memphis as a paradigm for a government focused on job creation,crime reduction,and economic growth. [17] The Chamber cited development strategies created by Wharton's "Innovation Delivery Team" in praising Memphis.
Wharton has been criticized for awarding contracts to his friends, [18] underfunding Memphis City Schools, [19] underfunding the Memphis Police Department [20] and for cutting services for young people and the elderly, [21] while offering incentive packages to corporate interests. [22] He has reiterated his commitment to economic development and job creation,to benefit all citizens.
Wharton publicly disagreed with the 2010 Forbes ranking of Memphis as the Most Miserable City in America. [23] By 2013,four years into Wharton's tenure as mayor,Memphis no longer appeared on that Forbes list of miserable cities in any rank. [24]
On June 17,2014,the Memphis City Council passed Wharton's budget "that includes Mayor A C Wharton's plan to cut retiree and current employee health benefits". [25] Under Wharton's budget,all current city employees and retirees (under the age of 65) (including Police and Fire) would have to pay 24% in increased health insurance premiums. City Retirees over the age of 65 now have to pay 100% of their health insurance premiums. [26]
On October 8,2015,A C Wharton lost his re-election campaign for a second term as Memphis Mayor and conceded to Jim Strickland,former city councilman. He only obtained 22,199 votes as compared to Strickland's 41,829. As a result of this loss,his last day in office was December 31,2015.
In 2010,the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation filed a joint federal lawsuit against the city administration for violating the Clean Water Act and the state Water Quality Control Act. [27]
In 2011 on a different issue,city employees filed a federal class action suit against the Wharton administration, [28] claiming that his budget and relations with the city union violated city employees' First Amendment and the Fourteenth Amendment rights. [29]
Wharton lives in the Glenview neighborhood of Memphis with his wife,Ruby,an attorney. [30] The couple has three sons together and raised three other boys. The Whartons also have seven grandchildren. [31]
Shelby County is the westernmost county in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census,the population was 929,744. It is the largest of the state's 95 counties,both in terms of population and geographic area. Its county seat is Memphis,a port on the Mississippi River and the second most populous city in Tennessee. The county was named for Governor Isaac Shelby (1750–1826) of Kentucky. It is one of only two remaining counties in Tennessee with a majority African American population,along with Haywood County.
The Commercial Appeal is a daily newspaper of Memphis,Tennessee,and its surrounding metropolitan area. It is owned by the Gannett Company;its former owner,the E. W. Scripps Company,also owned the former afternoon paper,the Memphis Press-Scimitar,which it folded in 1983. The 2016 purchase by Gannett of Journal Media Group effectively gave it control of the two major papers in western and central Tennessee,uniting the Commercial Appeal with Nashville's The Tennessean.
Willie Wilbert Herenton is an American politician and a Civil Rights leader. He was elected as the first elected African-American Mayor of Memphis,Tennessee. He was subsequently re-elected to an unprecedented five consecutive terms. During his tenure,Herenton worked to bridge the deep racial divide in Memphis. Under his leadership,the city experienced an economic boom that put it on solid financial footing,resulted in the redevelopment of downtown and the arrival of professional sports teams:the Memphis Grizzlies and Memphis Redbirds.
Stephen Ira Cohen is an American attorney and politician serving as the U.S. representative from Tennessee's 9th congressional district since 2007. He is a member of the Democratic Party. The district includes the western three-fourths of Memphis. Cohen is Tennessee's first Jewish congressman and since 2023 has been the only Democrat in the state's congressional delegation.
The University of Memphis Cecil C. Humphreys School of Law is an American Bar Association accredited law school and is the only law school in Memphis,Tennessee. The school has been associated with the University of Memphis since the law school's formation in 1962. The school was named in honor of former University president Cecil C. Humphreys. It is also referred to as U of M Law,Memphis Law,or Memphis Law School.
Central Gardens is a historic Memphis neighborhood in Midtown. It has been named one of North America's best "Old House Neighborhoods."
Memphis-Shelby County Schools(MSCS),previously known as Shelby County Schools (SCS),is a public school district that serves the city of Memphis,Tennessee,United States,as well as most of the unincorporated areas of Shelby County. MSCS is the 25th largest school district in the United States and the largest in Tennessee.
The 2006 congressional elections in Tennessee was held on November 7,2006,to determine who will represent the state of Tennessee in the United States House of Representatives.
Shelby Farms is a public park located in Shelby County,Tennessee,United States,just east of the city of Memphis. It is one of the largest urban parks in the US and the world,at a size of 4,500 acres (1,800 ha) and covers more than five times the area of Central Park in New York City with 843 acres (341 ha).
Richard Cecil "Dick" Hackett was mayor of the city of Memphis,Tennessee from 1982 to 1991. He also served as Shelby County (Tennessee) Clerk from 1978 to 1982. At the time that he took office as mayor,he was 33 years old and was the youngest mayor of a major U.S. city. He is best known for his defeat in the historic 1991 election that saw the victory of the first African-American mayoral candidate in the city's history,W. W. Herenton.
Memphis,Tennessee is governed by a mayor and thirteen city council members. Since 1995,as a result of a legal challenge,all council members are elected from nine geographic districts. Seven are single-member districts and two have three representatives each.
Lee Ardrey Harris is an American politician who is currently the Mayor of Shelby County,previously serving as a member of the Tennessee Senate,representing the 29th district. Harris is also a law professor. Prior to his election to the state senate,Harris served on the Memphis City Council,representing District 7. He was born and raised in Memphis,and studied at Morehouse College,followed by Yale Law School.
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Memphis,Tennessee,US.
Bartlett City Schools is a municipal school district serving Bartlett,Tennessee,United States.
The 2015 Memphis mayoral election took place on October 8,2015 to elect the Mayor of Memphis,Tennessee. The mayoral election coincided with elections for the thirteen seats on the Memphis City Council.
African Americans are the second largest census "race" category in the state of Tennessee after whites,making up 17% of the state's population in 2010. African Americans arrived in the region prior to statehood. They lived both as slaves and as free citizens with restricted rights up to the Civil War.
James Steven Strickland Jr. is an American attorney and politician who is the 64th and current mayor of Memphis,Tennessee,serving since 2016. A Democrat,he previously served as a member of the Memphis City Council. Strickland is also an adjunct professor at the Cecil C. Humphreys School of Law.
Steven J. Mulroy is the District Attorney of Shelby County,Tennessee. Previously,he was a University of Memphis law professor who served on the County Commission for Shelby County,Tennessee from District 5 from 2006 to 2014. Born and raised in Brooklyn,New York,he spent his high school years living in Gulf Breeze,Florida and studied at Cornell University,followed by William &Mary Law School. A member of the Democratic Party,his 2006 election to the Memphis-area County Commission seat shifted the balance of power from Republican to Democratic for the first time in the county's history.
The 2019 Memphis mayoral election took place on October 3,2019. Jim Strickland,the incumbent mayor,was elected to second term in office. The mayoral election coincided with elections to all thirteen seats on the Memphis City Council.
The 2023 Memphis mayoral election will take place on October 5,2023. Incumbent Jim Strickland is term-limited and cannot seek re-election to a third term in office. The election will use the plurality vote system,with no possibility of a runoff.