Wallace Barracks is a former German and U.S. Army installation in the Bad Cannstatt district of Stuttgart, Germany. It is located just below the Burgholzhof, near Robinson Barracks and the former Grenadier Kaserne on the site of a former Roman military camp commonly referred to in literature as Kastell Cannstatt (Citadel Cannstatt). [1]
Around 100 CE, the Romans built the first stone fort on the site- a strategic location on the Neckar River with road connections to Mainz, Augsburg and Strasbourg. [2] It is thought to have been an administrative district capital. [3] The Romans left the area around 259/260 CE.
In 1908 the German Army built a Cavalry Barracks (Dragoner Kaserne/Reiter Kaserne) on the site which is the basis for the buildings on the site today. From that time until the end of World War II, the site hosted units of the Reichswehr and Wehrmacht (German Army). Among the units assigned during that time were units of Cavalry Regiment 18. [4]
During the Cold War various Army units were located at Wallace Barracks, [5] named for posthumous Medal of Honor recipient PFC Herman C. Wallace. [6] The 66th Counter Intelligence Corps Group used the installation during the 1950s and referred to it as Hallschlag University. The unit was later reorganized as the 66th Military Intelligence Group (66thMI Gp) in the 1960s. [7] [8] The Army relocated the MI operations to Munich in 1968 from Stuttgart. [9] Late in the US use of the site it was used as a storage facility.
After the withdrawal of US forces from Wallace Barracks with the withdrawal of VII Corps from Germany, the site was returned to the German government. It has been retained in its former, historic form and has been redeveloped as Römerkastell- a mixed use development.
The United States European Command (EUCOM) is one of the eleven unified combatant commands of the United States military, headquartered in Stuttgart, Germany. Its area of focus covers 21,000,000 square miles (54,000,000 km2) and 51 countries and territories, including Europe, The Caucasus, Russia and Greenland. The Commander of the United States EUCOM simultaneously serves as the Supreme Allied Commander, Europe (SACEUR) within NATO, a military alliance. During the Gulf War and Operation Northern Watch, EUCOM controlled the forces flying from Incirlik Air Base.
The Observation Tower Burgholzhof in Burgholzhof, since 1998 a separate community within Bad Cannstatt in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, is an 1891 brick observation tower constructed by the Cannstatt municipal architect Friedrich Keppler on behalf of the Verschönerungsverein Cannstatt e. V., in the style of a Roman tower, at an elevation of 359 meters above sea level, at 9°11'41 east and 48°49'08" north. It was formally opened on 19 September 1891. It has extensive views over East Stuttgart, Bad Cannstatt and along the Neckar valley as far as Esslingen am Neckar.
Campbell Barracks, in Heidelberg, Germany, was home to Headquarters, United States Army Europe (USAREUR) from 1948 to 2013. It was also home to Headquarters, V Corps and Headquarters, Allied Force Command Heidelberg.
The U.S. Army Garrison Heidelberg was made up of a number of United States military installations in and around Heidelberg, Germany in the state of Baden-Württemberg, along with Germersheim Depot in the neighboring German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. In addition, some NATO facilities were present on the installations. In June 2010, USAG Heidelberg was inactivated and consolidated into its parent unit, U.S. Army Garrison Baden-Wuerttemberg. This was a preparatory move for a complete relocation away from Heidelberg: From 2012 to 2015 the relocation of all U.S. military units marked an end point in the history of the U.S. Army Garrison Heidelberg. The U.S. Army, Europe (USAREUR) headquarters, located in Heidelberg since 1952 as part of the garrison, was moved to Wiesbaden to a newly built installation at Lucius D. Clay Kaserne in 2012. All military installations in Heidelberg were handed over to the German state by 2015 for conversion to civilian use.
Lucius D. Clay Kaserne, commonly known as Clay Kaserne, formerly known as Wiesbaden Air Base and later as Wiesbaden Army Airfield, is an installation of the United States Army in Hesse, Germany. The kaserne is located within Wiesbaden-Erbenheim. Named for General Lucius D. Clay, it is the home of the Army's 2d Theater Signal Brigade, 66th Military Intelligence Brigade and is the headquarters of the U.S. Army Europe (USAREUR).
Pattonville is a neighborhood in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, northeast of Stuttgart, with the unusual distinction of being a former United States military housing complex, as few U.S. installations returned to German control have been maintained in their former form.
Kelley Barracks is a U.S. military installation and headquarters of United States Africa Command, and is a part of US Army Garrison Stuttgart in Stuttgart-Möhringen in Germany. The post is administered by IMCOM- Europe.
Ray Barracks was a United States Army installation in Friedberg, Germany until it was closed by the U.S. government in 2007 and returned to the German government. Located in the southern part of the city near the industrial area, the barracks had numerous facilities. The barracks included a firing range for personal weapons qualification, an Urban warfare training site, vehicle maintenance facilities and various recreation facilities. After World War II the barracks were named after First Lieutenant Bernard J. Ray, who was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions during the Battle of Hürtgen Forest. Ray sacrificed himself to destroy a wire obstacle that was blocking his unit's path. The base was closed in August 2007.
Flak-Kaserne Ludwigsburg was a military barracks, originally belonging to the German Army, and later occupied by the United States Army. It lies in the city of Ludwigsburg, in south-west Germany near Stuttgart.
Husterhoeh Kaserne was a military facility in Pirmasens, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Kaserne is a German loanword that means "barracks." It was a United States military base 1945–1994. Since then it is a German base, most of which has closed. The base still has some US military operations and German military storage.
The McGraw Kaserne is a former military installation in southern Munich, Germany, which was used by the U.S. Military during the occupation of Germany after World War II. The main building was one of the first ones in Germany to be built using steel frame technology. The kaserne was named after PFC Francis X. McGraw.
Fürst-Wrede-Kaserne has been a military facility in Munich, Germany, since 1936 when it was built by the Munich Heeresbauamt under its original name Verdun-Kaserne. After World War II the U.S. forces renamed it Will Kaserne, and the Bundeswehr renamed it once more in honor of Karl Philipp von Wrede on 17 April 1972.
Robinson Barracks is a military base of U.S. in the Burgholzhof community in the northern Stuttgart district of Bad Cannstatt. Unlike Patch Barracks and Kelley Barracks, also located in Stuttgart, the modern Robinson Barracks is now largely a residential neighborhood for US Department of Defense personnel stationed in the greater Stuttgart area operated and administered by IMCOM-Europe. The installation is named after 1st Lt. James E. Robinson, Jr. (1918–1945), an Army officer posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor during World War II.
Nellingen Kaserne was a U.S. Army airfield and barracks near Stuttgart in the town of Ostfildern in Germany.
Grenadier Kaserne was a military base of U.S. in the northern Stuttgart district of Bad Cannstatt in Germany adjacent to Robinson Barracks.
United States Army Garrison Schweinfurt was a United States Army military community located in and around Schweinfurt, Germany from 1945 to 2014. The garrison comprised two installations, two housing areas, and two local training areas in Pfändhausen, to the north of Schweinfurt as well as Sulzheim, 15 minutes to the south of Schweinfurt. Cold War-era installations in Bad Kissingen, Bad Neustadt, Hammelburg, and Oerlenbach were closed prior to the closure of USAG Schweinfurt in the years following German reunification in 1990.
Osnabrück Garrison was a major British garrison with facilities located at Osnabrück in Lower Saxony and Münster in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It was home to 4th Armoured Brigade and most of its subordinate units. It formed a major part of British Forces Germany.
The Neckar-Odenwald Limes is a collective term for two, very different early sections of the Upper Germanic-Rhaetian Limes, a Roman defensive frontier line that may have been utilised during slightly different periods in history. The Neckar-Odenwald Limes consists of the northern Odenwald Limes (Odenwaldlimes), a cross-country limes with camps, watchtowers and palisades, which linked the River Main with the Neckar, and the adjoining southern Neckar Limes (Neckarlimes), which in earlier research was seen as a typical 'riverine limes', whereby the river replaced the function of the palisade as an approach obstacle. More recent research has thrown a different light on this way of viewing things that means may have to be relativized in future. The resulting research is ongoing.