Theodor W. Adorno was a German philosopher,sociologist,psychologist,musicologist,and composer.
Walter Bendix Schönflies Benjamin was a German Jewish philosopher,cultural critic and essayist.
The Frankfurt School is a school of social theory and critical philosophy associated with the Institute for Social Research,at Goethe University Frankfurt in 1929. Founded in the Weimar Republic (1918–1933),during the European interwar period (1918–1939),the Frankfurt School initially comprised intellectuals,academics,and political dissidents dissatisfied with the contemporary socio-economic systems of the 1930s. The Frankfurt theorists proposed that social theory was inadequate for explaining the turbulent political factionalism and reactionary politics occurring in 20th century liberal capitalist societies. Critical of both capitalism and of Marxism–Leninism as philosophically inflexible systems of social organization,the School's critical theory research indicated alternative paths to realizing the social development of a society and a nation.
The German Revolution or November Revolution was a civil conflict in the German Empire at the end of the First World War that resulted in the replacement of the German federal constitutional monarchy with a democratic parliamentary republic that later became known as the Weimar Republic. The revolutionary period lasted from November 1918 until the adoption of the Weimar Constitution in August 1919. Among the factors leading to the revolution were the extreme burdens suffered by the German population during the four years of war,the economic and psychological impacts of the German Empire's defeat by the Allies,and growing social tensions between the general population and the aristocratic and bourgeois elite.
Otto Ernst Heinrich Hermann Suhr was a German politician as a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). He served as the Governing Mayor of Berlin from 1955 until his death.
Walter Wallmann was a German lawyer politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). He served as the Mayor of Frankfurt between 1977 and 1986,and as Minister-president of Hesse from 1987 to 1991.
Carlo Schmid was a German academic and politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD).
The Mayor of Frankfurt is the highest-ranking member of city government in Frankfurt,Germany. The mayor was traditionally elected by the city council. This system was replaced in 1995,and the position has been directly elected. Two people have won election since then:Petra Roth (CDU) and Peter Feldmann (SPD). Current mayor Nargess Eskandari-Grünberg (Green) assumed the office in November 2022 following a successful recall election against Feldmann.
Secondary antisemitism is a distinct form of antisemitism which is said to have appeared after the end of World War II. Secondary antisemitism is often explained as being caused by the Holocaust,as opposed to existing in spite of it. One frequently quoted formulation of the concept,first published in Henryk M. Broder's 1986 book Der Ewige Antisemit,stems from the Israeli psychiatrist Zvi Rex,who once remarked:"The Germans will never forgive the Jews for Auschwitz." The term was coined by Peter Schönbach,a Frankfurt School co-worker of Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer,based on their critical theory.
Willi Eichler was a German journalist and politician with the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD).
Peter Manuel Feldmann is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). On 25 March 2012,he was elected Mayor of Frankfurt as successor of Petra Roth (CDU). On 6 November 2022,he was recalled,with 95% of the vote against him,and he left office on 11 November 2022.
Luise Albertz was a German politician committed,throughout her life,to the Social Democratic Party (SPD). She was a member of the West German Bundestag for two decades,until 1969. However,she was firmly rooted in the regional politics of her home city,Oberhausen,where she was the appointed mayor from 1946 to 1948. Following the establishment in 1949,by three of the four principal occupying powers,of West Germany,Albertz was elected mayor of Oberhausen in 1956 and held the office till her death in 1979. She was the first female mayor of a major city in Germany.
Walter Kraemer (Krämer) was a German politician of the German Communist Party (KPD) and member of the resistance against Nazism. From 1932/33,he was a deputy of the Prussian Landtag,was arrested in 1933 and killed in 1941 in a sub-camp of the concentration camp Buchenwald in Goslar. He assisted prisoners with getting medical help,becoming known as the "Doctor of Buchenwald",for which he received from the State of Israel the posthumous title "Righteous among the Nations" in 2000.
Fritz Steinhoff was a German politician of the SPD. He was the third Minister President of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia from 1956 to 1958.
Friedrich Krebs was a German lawyer and mayor of Frankfurt during Nazi rule. In March 1933,Krebs,a fervent anti-Semite and member of the Nazi Party,ousted the previous mayor,Ludwig Landmann,who was Jewish. Within two weeks Krebs fired all Jewish city employees,even before the German Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service formally removed Jews from government service.
Willi Birkelbach CBE was a West German politician (SPD). He was a member of the West German Bundestag between 1949 and 1964. Between 1952 and 1964 he also served as an increasingly prominent Member of the European Parliament.
Post-war reconstruction of Frankfurt was the broad period from 1945 into the 1960s during which the city of Frankfurt am Main in Germany removed the rubble created by Allied raids and the subsequent battle by Allied ground forces to take the city and rebuilt the damaged parts of city.
Rudi Arndt was a German politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). He served in several positions in the Hesse state government,and as the Mayor of Frankfurt between 1972 and 1977. At different points in his political career he was a member of the Landtag of Hesse and the European Parliament as well as the Frankfurt City Council.
Kurt Fritz Johannes Blaum was a German politician who served in political roles both before and after the Second World War;he was Mayor of Hanau between 1921 and 1933,and Mayor of Frankfurt between 1945 and 1946.
Ernst Beutler was a German literary historian and Goethe researcher who served as the director of the Freies Deutsches Hochstift literary society between 1925 and 1960.
