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The Negro leagues were United States professional baseball leagues comprising teams of African Americans. The term may be used broadly to include professional black teams outside the leagues and it may be used narrowly for the seven relatively successful leagues beginning in 1920 that are sometimes termed "Negro Major Leagues".
The Brooklyn Royal Giants were a professional Negro league baseball team based in Brooklyn, New York. Formed in 1905 by John Wilson Connor (1875–1926), owner of the Brooklyn Royal Cafe, the team initially played against white semi-pro teams. They were one of the prominent independent teams prior to World War I before organized league play began.
The Columbia Giants were a professional, black baseball team based in Chicago at the turn of the 20th century, prior to the Negro leagues.
The Chicago Unions were a professional, black baseball team that played in the late 19th century, prior to the formation of the Negro leagues.
The Cuban X-Giants were a professional Negro league baseball team that played from 1896 to 1906. Originally most of the players were former Cuban Giants, or ex-Giants. Like the Cuban Giants, the original players were not Cuban. Edward B. Lamar Jr. served as business manager for the team.
The Philadelphia Giants were a Negro league baseball team that played from 1902 to 1911. From 1904 to 1909 they were one of the strongest teams in black baseball, winning five eastern championships in six years. The team was organized by Sol White, Walter Schlichter, and Harry Smith.
Frank C. Leland was an American baseball player, field manager and club owner in the Negro leagues.
Armando Marsans Mendiondo was a Cuban professional baseball player who played as an outfielder in Major League Baseball from 1911 to 1918. He played in three different major leagues in his career: with the Cincinnati Reds in the National League (1911–1914), with the St. Louis Terriers in the Federal League (1914–1915), and with the St. Louis Browns and New York Yankees (1916–1918).
Rafael D. Almeida was a Major League Baseball third baseman from 1911 to 1913 with the Cincinnati Reds.
The Cleveland Hornets were a baseball team in the Negro National League, based in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1927. The Hornets played their home games at Hooper Field. Frank Duncan served as player-manager.
The Cincinnati Browns were a professional baseball team in the National Colored Base Ball League, the first attempt at a professional Negro league in 1887. Although the league folded after just one week, the Browns continued to play for a time.
George Walter Ball was an American baseball pitcher in the Negro leagues. Born in Detroit, Michigan, from 1893 he played ten years as the only black player on minor white teams in Minnesota and North Dakota. For more than a decade beginning 1903, he played for major teams, mainly in the Chicago region. Sources say he was given the nickname "The Georgia Rabbit" and "Diamond."
John W. Patterson was an American baseball outfielder in the Negro leagues. He played for major teams from 1893 to 1907.
William Thomas Pettus was an American baseball first baseman in the Cuban League and Negro leagues. He played from 1902 to 1921 with several teams.
The Washington Potomacs were a Negro league baseball team in the Eastern Colored League, based in Washington, D.C., in 1924. They also operated as an independent team in 1923. In 1925 the Potomacs moved to Wilmington, Delaware where they played as the Wilmington Potomacs for the 1925 season. In mid-July, George Robinson, owner of the Potomacs, announced that his team was folding and was unable to complete the season. The league contracted to seven teams and the Potomacs players were dispersed to other teams.
Richard Felix Wallace was an American baseball shortstop and manager in the Negro leagues. He played from 1903 to 1924 with several teams, including the Lincoln Giants and the St. Louis Giants. He was Captain of the St. Louis Giants in 1912. He managed from 1909 to 1921.
Arthur Thomas was an American baseball catcher and first baseman in the late 19th century, who played for predecessor teams to the Negro leagues. He played for several teams from 1886 to 1891, spending the majority of his career with the Cuban Giants. He also played with the Baltimore Lord Baltimores of the National Colored Base Ball League in 1887.
Harry Edward "Green River" Buckner, also nicknamed "Buck" and "Goat Head", was an American Negro league pitcher and outfielder in the between 1896 and 1918.
William Stitt Peters was an American baseball, player, manager, and owner who played in predecessor teams to the Negro leagues. Peters played first base and managed the Chicago Unions from 1887 to 1900. After owner Frank Leland moved many of the team's players to the Chicago Union Giants, Peters formed his owned team, the Peters Union Giants. He ran the club until 1923.
Abe Jones was an American baseball catcher and manager in the pre-Negro leagues.
References
- ↑ Riley, James A. (2002). The biographical encyclopedia of the Negro baseball leagues. Carroll & Graf Publishers. p. 764. ISBN 978-0-7867-0959-5.
- ↑ Heaphy, Leslie A. (2003). The Negro leagues, 1869-1960. McFarland. p. 24. ISBN 978-0-7864-1380-5.
- ↑ Melley, Ken. (2018) The Anatony of Baseball Names. Page Publishing, Inc p. 34. ISBN 978-1-64214-379-9
- ↑ "Remembering the Negro Baseball League by Fran Joyce". This Awful-Awesome Life.
- ↑ Riley, James A. (1994). "Leland, Frank C.". The Biographical Encyclopedia of the Negro Baseball Leagues . Carroll & Graf. pp. 474–75. ISBN 0-7867-0959-6.
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