In representation theory, a branch of mathematics, the Whittaker model is a realization of a representation of a reductive algebraic group such as GL2 over a finite or local or global field on a space of functions on the group. It is named after E. T. Whittaker even though he never worked in this area, because (Jacquet 1966 , 1967 ) pointed out that for the group SL2(R) some of the functions involved in the representation are Whittaker functions.
Irreducible representations without a Whittaker model are sometimes called "degenerate", and those with a Whittaker model are sometimes called "generic". The representation θ10 of the symplectic group Sp4 is the simplest example of a degenerate representation.
If G is the algebraic group GL2 and F is a local field, and τ is a fixed non-trivial character of the additive group of F and π is an irreducible representation of a general linear group G(F), then the Whittaker model for π is a representation π on a space of functions ƒ on G(F) satisfying
Jacquet & Langlands (1970) used Whittaker models to assign L-functions to admissible representations of GL2.
Let be the general linear group , a smooth complex valued non-trivial additive character of and the subgroup of consisting of unipotent upper triangular matrices. A non-degenerate character on is of the form
for ∈ and non-zero ∈ . If is a smooth representation of , a Whittaker functional is a continuous linear functional on such that for all ∈ , ∈ . Multiplicity one states that, for unitary irreducible, the space of Whittaker functionals has dimension at most equal to one.
If G is a split reductive group and U is the unipotent radical of a Borel subgroup B, then a Whittaker model for a representation is an embedding of it into the induced (Gelfand–Graev) representation IndG
U(χ), where χ is a non-degenerate character of U, such as the sum of the characters corresponding to simple roots.
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This is a glossary of representation theory in mathematics.
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