William Crichton, 1st Earl of Dumfries

Last updated
William Crichton
Lord Crichton of Sanquhar [1]
Viscount of Ayr (1622-1642/3) [1]
Earl of Dumfries (1633-1642/3) [1]
Issue
William Crichton, 2nd Earl of Dumfries
James Crichton
John Crichton
Mary Crichton
Catherine Crichton
FatherWilliam Crichton, tutor of Sanquhar [1]
MotherKatherine Carmichael

William Crichton, 1st Earl of Dumfries the ninth Lord Crichton, was born to William Crichton (brother of the sixth and seventh Lords Crichton) and Katherine Carmichael. [1]

The title Lord Crichton passed to William after his cousin Robert was hanged outside Westminster Hall for his involvement with a murder. [1] [2] A challenge arose to his claim to the title and lands from an illegitimate son of Robert, but a decree arbitral from King James VI found in favour of William's rights to the title, and compensated Robert's son with lands around Perth. [1] [3]

On 31 July 1617, King James VI stayed at Sanquhar Castle while travelling through Scotland. [1] During this visit, Crichton is reported to have burnt a bond recording a large debt owed to him the King. [4] [5] In 1622, the King gave Crichton the title Viscount of Ayr. [5] Eleven years later, King Charles I of England gave Crichton the title Earl of Dumfries and Baron Crichton of Cumnock. [5] Then in 1635, Crichton was given Lefnoreis Castle and surrounding lands (on which a descendent would later build Dumfries House). [5]

By the time of his death in 1642 or 1643, due to the family's financial difficulties William and his sons had sold Sanquhar Castle and the estates in the area to William Douglas, 1st Earl of Queensberry, and relocated the family to Cumnock. [1]

Family

He first married Euphemia Seton, daughter of Sir James Seton of Touch and widow of Patrick Hamilton, and they produced five children. [1]

He then married Ursula Barnham, daughter of Stephen Barnham and widow of Sir Robert Swift High Sheriff of Yorkshire. She and William produced no children. [1]

Related Research Articles

James Hamilton, 1st Earl of AbercornPC (S) (1575–1618) was a Scottish diplomat for James VI and I and an undertaker in the Plantation of Ulster, Ireland.

Marquess of Bute Scottish title of nobility

Marquess of the County of Bute, shortened in general usage to Marquess of Bute, is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. It was created in 1796 for John Stuart, 4th Earl of Bute.

Earl of Dumfries

Earl of Dumfries is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was originally created for William Crichton, 9th Lord Crichton of Sanquhar, in 1633, and stayed in the Crichton family until the death of the fourth countess in 1742, at which point the title passed to first the Dalrymple and then the McDouall families before finally being inherited by the Marquesses of Bute, where it remains today.

The title Earl of Winton was once created in the Peerage of Scotland, and again the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It is now held by the Earl of Eglinton.

Earl of Stair

Earl of Stair is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1703 for the lawyer and statesman John Dalrymple, 2nd Viscount of Stair.

Viscount Carlingford, in the County of Louth, was a title that was created twice in the Peerage of Ireland. The first creation came in 1627 in favour of Edward Barnham Swift. He was the son of Sir Robert Swift, High Sheriff of Yorkshire from 1599 to 1600 and his wife Ursula Barnham. Lord Carlingford had no sons and the title became extinct on his early death in 1634. By his wife Lady Mary Crichton, daughter of William, 1st Earl of Dumfries, he had one daughter Mary, who married the notorious rake Robert Fielding, but had no children.

Clan Crichton Lowland Scottish clan

Clan Crichton is a Lowland Scottish clan.

Alexander Gordon, 1st Earl of Huntly Scottish magnate

Alexander Seton, 1st Earl of Huntly, who adopted the family name of Gordon from about 1457, was a powerful 15th-century Scottish magnate. He was knighted in 1439/1440 and was Lord of Badenoch, Gordon, Strathbogie and Cluny.

Clan Stuart of Bute Highland Scottish clan

Clan Stuart of Bute is a Highland Scottish Clan and is a branch of the larger Clan Stewart.

Clan Forbes Highland Scottish clan

Clan Forbes is a Highland Scottish clan from Aberdeenshire, Scotland.

William Crichton (1598–1691) was the 2nd Earl of Dumfries and a privy councillor to Charles II of England. After the Glorious Revolution, Crichton resigned his titles on 10 September 1690 and had them restored on 3 November 1690 by the new King William III of England. Although he produced two sons, they both pre-deceased William, so his titles passed to his grandson William.

Margaret Stewart was the younger daughter of James II of Scotland and Mary of Guelders. Once engaged to the Lancastrian Prince of Wales, Margaret instead became the mistress of William Crichton, 3rd Lord Crichton, and the mother of his illegitimate daughter, Margaret Crichton, later Countess of Rothes, and possibly his son, Sir James Crichton, progenitor of the Viscounts of Frendraught. Margaret and Lord Crichton may have been married later, after the death of Crichton's wife.

John Maxwell, 4th Lord Maxwell was a Scottish nobleman and patriarch of the Border Family / House / Clan of Maxwell.

Terringzean Castle, East Ayrshire

Terringzean Castle, also Taringzean, pronounced 'Tringan', is a Category B listed castle ruin lying above the River Lugar and the Terringzean Holm in the policies of Dumfries House, Parish of Cumnock, Scotland. The name Craufordstone or Craufurdstoun, has also been used, echoing that it and these lands originally belonged to the Crawfords, as did Lefnoreis Castle or Lochnorris Castle which once stood near the site of the Dumfries House stables.

Robert Crichton, 8th Lord Crichton of Sanquhar, was a Scottish peer executed for the murder of a fencing teacher. He was the son of Edward, Lord Sanquhar. Robert is often styled "6th Lord Sanquhar."

The Sheriff of Dumfries and Galloway, was historically the royal official responsible for enforcing law and order in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. Prior to 1748 most sheriffdoms were held on a hereditary basis. From that date, following the Jacobite uprising of 1745, the hereditary sheriffs were replaced by salaried sheriff-deputes, qualified advocates who were members of the Scottish Bar.

Sir John de Seton was a knight who took part in the War of Scottish Independence, as a supporter of Robert de Brus. He held lands in England and Scotland.

The feudal barony of Dirleton was a feudal barony with its caput baronium originally at Castle Tarbet, Elbottle Castle and later at Dirleton Castle in East Lothian, Scotland. The Lordship & Barony of Dirleton lies in East Lothian a few miles west of North Berwick, the land comprising the Caput of the Barony are today only a little over 40 acres, including the Island of Lamb, North and South Dogs in the east coast of Scotland. Its ruined castle, two triangular greens and the buildings are grouped in the traditional style of a medieval township. Dirleton Castle was built in the middle of the twelfth century by a branch of the Anglo-Norman family of De Vaux, a family with its origins in Rouen, Normandy, which had settled in Dirleton during the reign of King Malcolm IV (1153-1165). The original castle was modelled on contemporary French castles, in particular Coucy la Chateaux north of Paris. Dirleton Castle was strenuously defended against the invading army of Edward I of England in June 1298, but eventually fell to Anthony Beck, the fighting Bishop of Durham. In 1311 the castle was recaptured by the Scots and Robert the Bruce ordered that it be reduced to eliminate the possibility of it being occupied by the English in the future. Dirleton was in the hands of the De Vaux family for about two centuries.

Lefnoreis Castle

The site of the old Lefnoreis Castle or Ward of Lochnorris lies about 100 yards north-west of the old stable block of Dumfries House in East Ayrshire, Parish of Old Cumnock, Scotland. The old castle stood on a natural rise overlooking the Lugar Water, built and held for many years by the Craufurd family. For consistency the spelling Craufurd will be used throughout and Lefnoreis for the castle.

Sir George Fermor of Easton Neston was an English soldier and landowner.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Sir James Balfour Paul, ed. (1906). The Scots Peerage Founded on Wood's Edition of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland.
  2. Christopher Winn (2009). I Never Knew That About The Scottish. Pengiun Random House.
  3. Act in favour of William Crichton, lord Crichton of Sanquhar,  of 28 June 1617. Parliament of Scotland.
  4. William Wilson (1904). Folk Lore and Genealogies of Uppermost Nithsdale.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Rev John Warrick (1899). The History of Old Cumnock.
  6. James Grant (1851). Memoirs and Adventures of Sir John Hepburn. William Blackwood and Sons.
Peerage of Scotland
New creation Earl of Dumfries
1633–1642/43
Succeeded by
William Crichton
Viscount of Ayr
1622–1642/43
Preceded by
Robert Crichton
Lord Crichton of Sanquhar
1612–1642/43