Sir William Oliphant | |
|---|---|
| Lord of Aberdalgie | |
 Arms of Sir William Oliphant, Lord of Aberdalgie | |
| Died | 1329 |
| Noble family | Clan Oliphant |
| Spouse(s) | Elizabeth Bruce |
| Father | William Oliphant |
Sir William Oliphant (died 1329), Lord of Aberdalgie and Dupplin, [lower-alpha 1] was a Scottish magnate, knight and leader during the Wars of Scottish Independence.
Oliphant fought at the Battle of Dunbar in 1296, where the Scots, under their king John Balliol, were defeated by the invading English. [1] Following the battle he was captured and taken to Rochester Castle in England where he was imprisoned. [2] He was released after agreeing to serve King Edward I of England overseas. [2] He returned to Scotland where he was second in command of Stirling Castle under his cousin of the same name, Sir William Oliphant. [lower-alpha 2] [3] During the siege of 1304, when the castle was attacked by the forces of Edward I of England, the garrison eventually surrendered to the English. [4] He was captured once again, this time being imprisoned at Wallingford Castle [2] while his cousin the commander was imprisoned in the Tower of London. [5] In this same year all of Scotland with the exception of William Wallace had sworn fealty to Edward I. [6]
For 110 shillings, as "William Olyfaunt, Knight", [lower-alpha 3] he was bonded by Hugh le Despenser, the elder and remained in England until 1313. [2] He had a safe conduct to return to Scotland on 21 October of that year and was a witness to a charter of King Robert the Bruce in February 1314-15. [7] He was one of the signatories to the Declaration of Arbroath on 6 April 1320 and his seal is still visible. [lower-alpha 4] [8]
Sir William's tomb is in Aberdalgie Churchyard, in Perthshire, within the site of the original church. [9] The effigy is made from "Tournai marble" from northern France or Flanders. [10] The grave lies at the furthest corner of the churchyard close to a small stream.
He left his estates to his son Walter. These included Dupplin, Hedderwick and Cranshaws which he inherited from his Oliphant predecessors; Aberdalgie, Turin, Glensaugh, Pitkerie and Gallery which apparently came into the family from a Wishart heiress; Gasknes, Newtyle, Kinpurnie, Auchtertyre, Balcrais, Muirhouse and Hazelhead acquired as gifts from the King. [11]
The name of Sir William's wife is Isabel Douglas, they had a son:
Alexander Stewart, also known as Alexander of Dundonald, was 4th hereditary High Steward of Scotland from his father's death in 1246.
James Douglas, the 4th Lord of Dalkeith, was created the 1st Earl of Morton in 1458.
John Douglas, 2nd Earl of Morton died 9 September 1513 at the Battle of Flodden.
Lord Oliphant was a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created twice and de facto under Peerage Law a third time. The first creation is in abeyance of the law, the second extinct and the third creation has not been defined in law but is dormant.
Aberdalgie is a small village in the Scottish council area of Perth and Kinross. It is 3 miles southwest of Perth, and lies between the B9112 road, to the north, and the River Earn, to the south. Milltown Burn and Cotton Burn streams meet in the village centre, The village contains Aberdalgie Parish Church, the present building of which dates to 1773. The historic Dupplin Castle is 1 1⁄2 miles east of the village.
Clan Oliphant is a Highland Scottish clan.
Alexander Seton, 1st Earl of Huntly, who adopted the family name of Gordon from about 1457, was a powerful 15th-century Scottish magnate. He was knighted in 1439/1440 and was Lord of Badenoch, Gordon, Strathbogie and Cluny.
James Stuart, 3rd Earl of Moray was the son of James Stewart, 2nd Earl of Moray and Elizabeth Stuart, 2nd Countess of Moray.
George Gordon, 2nd Earl of Huntly was a Scottish nobleman and Chancellor of Scotland from 1498–1501.
Walter Bailloch, also known as Walter Bailloch Stewart, was distinguished by the sobriquet Bailloch or Balloch, a Gaelic nickname roughly translated as "the freckled". He was the Earl of Menteith jure uxoris.
Alexander of Menteith, a Scottish nobleman and member of the Stewart family, he was the Earl of Menteith.
Joan Stewart, Countess of Morton, also called Joanna, was the daughter of James I, King of Scotland, and the wife of James Douglas, 1st Earl of Morton. She was known, in Latin, as the muta domina [mute lady] of Dalkeith.
Hatton Castle stands on the lower part of Hatton Hill, the most easterly of the Sidlaw Hills, to the south of Newtyle in Angus, Scotland. The castle overlooks the wooded Den of Newtyle, and its views extend across Strathmore and include Ben Lawers and Schiehallion as well as the Angus and Glenshee hills. The 16th-century castle was originally built in a typical Scottish "Z plan" tower house design, as a fortified country house or château. There was an earlier castle called Balcraig Castle which stood less than half a mile from the present building, also on Hatton Hill.
Clan Forbes is a Highland Scottish clan from Aberdeenshire, Scotland.
Alexander Gordon, 3rd Earl of Huntly was a Scottish nobleman. He was a member of Parliament, a member of the Privy Council, a regent and Lieutenant of the kingdom.
William Keith, 4th Earl Marischal was a Scottish nobleman and politician.
Cranshaws Castle or Cranshaws Tower is a privately owned 15th-century pele situated by the village of Cranshaws in Berwickshire, Scotland. The building is still in use as a residence, and is protected as a category A listed building.
Balcraig Castle was built on lands given to the Oliphants by King Robert the Bruce circa 1317.
Sir Edward Keith was a Scottish nobleman and hereditary 11th Marischal of Scotland.
Sir William Oliphant, was a Scottish knight and Governor of Stirling Castle during the Wars of Scottish Independence. He switched loyalties to the English and died in a Scottish prison.