William Tyrwhitt

Last updated

William Tyrwhitt (died 1591) was an English landowner and politician who sat as Member of Parliament (MP) for Huntingdon in March 1553 but took no further part in public life under Queen Elizabeth I because of his Roman Catholicism, for which he underwent spells of imprisonment. [1]

Contents

Origins

Born by 1531, he was the eldest son of the MP Sir Robert Tyrwhitt, of Kettleby in Lincolnshire, and his wife Elizabeth (died 1590), daughter of Sir Thomas Oxenbridge, of Etchingham in Sussex. [2] With centuries of service in local and national government, his family was long established in Lincolnshire and well connected, [1] his sister Ursula having married Edmund Sheffield, 1st Earl of Mulgrave. [2] [3]

Life

Reaching majority by 1552, he was party to a legal dispute over lands he bought in Lincolnshire, being described as “William Tyrwhitt esquire, a young gentleman, son and heir apparent of Sir Robert Tyrwhitt of Lincolnshire, a man of great power in those parts”. In 1553 he was selected as MP for the borough of Huntingdon, his father being in the same Parliament for the seat of Lincolnshire. [1]

After this, he seems to have lived a private life, his home being Twigmoor Hall in Holme until in 1581 he succeeded to his father's lands. However, his religious beliefs were not private and in 1580 he was taken into custody in the Tower of London as a suspected Catholic. After 12 months, he was set free on paying bail of 300 pounds (over 75,000 pounds at 2016 value) and promising to take instruction in Anglicanism. Accused of dissuading friends from adopting Anglicanism, he was taken back into prison, this time in the Fleet, at the end of 1581. Though allowed out to attend his father's funeral in Lincolnshire, it emerged that he had heard a mass while in the Fleet and had not therefore renounced Catholicism. For the rest of his life he was under surveillance and, though not in prison, was rarely allowed home. [1]

Allowed to sort out his mother's affairs after her death, he died on 18 July 1591. His will, [4] made two months earlier, asked for his body to be buried beside his father in All Saints church at Bigby and for lands to be sold, including the manor of Fillingham, in order to provide legacies for his children. [1]

All Saints, Bigby All Saints, Bigby - geograph.org.uk - 426691.jpg
All Saints, Bigby

Family

In 1576 he married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Peter Frescheville (died 1582), of Staveley in Derbyshire, [2] [1] [5] and his first wife Elizabeth, daughter of the MP Sir Gervase Clifton, of Clifton. Her sister Frances was the wife of Sir Gervase Holles and her half-brother was the MP Sir Peter Frescheville.

With Elizabeth, he is recorded as having five sons and four daughters. [1] Four of the sons left no children, but all four daughters married:

Robert (died 1617), his heir, in 1594 married Bridget (died 1604), daughter of John Manners, 4th Earl of Rutland. [2]
Margaret, married Nicholas Rookwood, of Euston, Suffolk. [2]
Mary, married first Robert Bradford (died 1596) and secondly Robert Monson, of Northorpe. [2]
Ursula, married Sir William Babthorpe, of Babthorpe. [2]
Martha, married Edmund Colles, of Leigh in Worcestershire, grandson of the MP Edmund Colles and like her father a recusant. [6]

Some records show a fifth daughter Elizabeth, who married Ambrose Rookwood, executed in 1606 for his part in the Gunpowder Plot. [7] Other sources say his widow Elizabeth married Edward Rookwood (born 1554), of Rookwood. [2]

Related Research Articles

Ambrose Rookwood 17th century English conspirator

Ambrose Rookwood was a member of the failed 1605 Gunpowder Plot, a conspiracy to replace the Protestant King James I with a Catholic sovereign. Rookwood was born into a wealthy family of Catholic recusants, and educated by Jesuits in Flanders. His older brother became a Franciscan, and his two younger brothers were ordained as Catholic priests. Rookwood became a horse-breeder. He married the Catholic Elizabeth Tyrwhitt, and had at least two sons.

Robert Rich, 1st Earl of Warwick

Robert Rich, 3rd Baron Rich, 1st Earl of Warwick, was an English nobleman, known as Baron Rich between 1581 and 1618, when he was created Earl of Warwick. He was the first husband of Penelope Devereux, whom he divorced in 1605 on the grounds of her adultery.

William Cordell

Sir William Cordell of Melford Hall in the parish of Long Melford, Suffolk, was an English lawyer, landowner, administrator and politician who held high offices under both the Catholic Queen Mary I and the Protestant Queen Elizabeth I.

Robert Keyes English criminal

Robert Keyes was a member of the group of provincial English Catholics who planned the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605, a conspiracy to assassinate King James I by blowing up the House of Lords during the State Opening of Parliament on 5 November 1605. He was the sixth man to join the plot.

Gervase Clifton, 1st Baron Clifton English politician and noble

Gervase Clifton, 1st Baron Clifton was an English nobleman.

Robert Dymoke

Robert Dymoke, Dymock or Dymocke, of Scrivelsby, Lincolnshire was Queen's Champion of England and a devout Catholic recusant who was named a martyr after his death.

Ralph Lumley, 1st Baron Lumley English nobleman, soldier and administrator

Ralph Lumley, 1st Baron Lumley was an English nobleman, soldier and administrator under King Richard II, who was stripped of his lands, goods and title for rebelling against King Henry IV and executed.

Sir Gervase Clifton, 1st Baronet English politician

Sir Gervase Clifton, 1st Baronet, K.B. was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1614 and 1666. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War. He was educated at St John's College, Cambridge.

Robert Throckmorton English politician and courtier

Sir Robert Throckmorton, KG, of Coughton Court in Warwickshire, was a Member of Parliament and a distinguished English courtier. His public career was impeded by remaining a Roman Catholic.

Gervase Holles was an English lawyer, antiquarian and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640 to 1642. He fought in the Royalist army in the English Civil War.

Sir William Thorold, 1st Baronet (1591–1678) was an English landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1661 to 1677. He fought for the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.

Sir John Neville, of Chevet in Yorkshire, was an English landowner, courtier, soldier, administrator and politician who was executed for treason under King Henry VIII.

John Spencer (sheriff)

Sir John Spencer was an English nobleman, politician, knight, sheriff, landowner, and Member of Parliament. He was an early member of the Spencer family.

Sir William Skipwith, was an English politician.

Robert Tyrwhitt, was an English courtier and politician. He was the second son of Sir Robert Tyrwhitt and Maud Tailboys, and was brought up at court, becoming an Esquire of the Body. He acquired substantial landholdings and was knighted in 1543. In 1544, when Master of the Horse for Queen Catherine, he served on a military campaign in France, responsible for the transport of ordnance.

Sir Robert Tyrwhitt, of Kettleby in Lincolnshire, was an English landowner, politician and administrator whose adherence to Roman Catholicism later led to imprisonment.

Edmund Colles

Edmund Colles (1528–1606) was an English landowner, administrator and legislator from Worcestershire who, although sympathetic to Catholicism, held public office throughout the reign of Queen Elizabeth I.

Sir John Southcote (1510/11–1585) was an English judge and politician.

John Waterton was an English landowner, administrator, courtier, diplomat, and politician who sat in the Parliament of England.

Sir William Tyrwhitt, of Kettleby, Lincolnshire was an English courtier and Member of Parliament.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Dale, M. K. (1982), "Tyrwhitt, William (by 1531-91), of Twigmoor and Kettleby, Lincs.", in S.T. Bindoff (ed.), The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1509-1558 , retrieved 15 November 2017
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Lincolnshire pedigrees , retrieved 15 November 2017
  3. An ancestress of Samantha Sheffield (born 1971), wife of David Cameron.
  4. The National Archives PCC 21 Sainberbe, 3 December 1591
  5. If any earlier marriage took place, it was unrecorded and childless.
  6. Mary Anne Everett Green, ed. (1857), Calendar of State Papers Domestic: James I, 1603–1610, 47, London, pp. 524–540, retrieved 3 February 2017 Warrant for a grant to John Carse of the benefit of the recusancy of Edm. Coles of Lye
  7. Nicholls, Mark (January 2008), "Rookwood, Ambrose (c.1578–1606)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, retrieved 18 November 2017