Winfried Rief

Last updated

Winfried Rief
Winfried Rief.jpg
NationalityGerman
Known forPlacebo and nocebo mechanisms in medical interventions. Chronic pain with mental and somatic factors.
Scientific career
Fields Psychology
Institutions University of Marburg

Winfried Rief (born 12 May 1959) is a German psychologist. Since 2000 he has been a professor of clinical psychology and psychotherapy at the University of Marburg. Rief's research examines the psychological factors involved in the development, maintenance and management of physical complaints, including investigations of somatic symptom disorders and placebo effects. Rief is the founding editor of the academic journal Clinical Psychology in Europe.

Contents

Biography

Rief studied psychology at the University of Trier (1979-1984). Then he worked at the research division of the psychiatric hospital Reichenau at the University of Konstanz, where he received his Ph.D. in 1987. The title of the thesis was "Visual Information Processing in Schizophrenics". He completed his habilitation in 1994 at the University of Salzburg (title: "Somatoform disorders and hypochondria"). As a clinician, he worked at the Rottweil Psychiatric Hospital (1986-1987) and at the Roseneck Medical-Psychosomatic Hospital (Prien am Chiemsee; affiliated with the L.M. University of Munich), where he became a senior psychologist in 1989. Rief accepted a professorship in clinical psychology and psychotherapy at the University of Marburg in 2000. In the following years, he was a visiting professor at the Harvard Medical School in Boston (2004-2005), the University of California in San Diego (2009/2010), and the University of Auckland in New Zealand (2002). [1] [2]

Rief was spokesperson of the Commission "Psychology and Psychotherapy Training" of the German Society for Psychology (DGPs) [3] and advocated, among other things, a revision of the Psychotherapists Act, which was finally approved by the German Bundestag in 2019. He was also President of the German Society of Behavioural Medicine for several years (2001-2005). [2] He was also nominated as a member of the expert commission of the American Psychiatric Association (APA) and World Health Organization (WHO) "Somatic Presentations of Mental Disorders" for the preparation of DSM-5 (Beijing, 2006).

In addition, he was spokesperson of the DFG Research Group on Placebo and Nocebo Mechanisms (2010-2019), member of the DFG Review Board (2012-2020), and of the DFG Commission "Clinical Trials". He co-chairs the ICD-11 Working Group on "Classification of Chronic Pain" which initiated a new classification of chronic pain in WHO´s classification system ICD-11 (since 2013). [4] Since 2024, he is also spokesperson of the LOEWE Center DYNAMIC, a publicly funded cooperation between various universities and other research institutions. [5] He is editor in chief of the journal Clinical Psychology in Europe. [6] Rief is a board member of the European Association of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Treatment EACLIPT. [7]

Rief was awarded the Distinguished International Affiliate, APA Division Health Psychology in 2014 and received a Distinguished Scientist Award from the International Society of Behavioral Medicine in 2014. [8] Rief was awarded the Alison Creed Award by the European Association of Psychosomatic Medicine in 2020. [9] He became honorary member of the German Psychology Society DGPs. [10] Since 2022, he is distinguished "Frequently cited researcher", selecting the top-1% of scientists of a specific field. [11]

Research work

For many years, Rief's scientific work focused on the investigation of psychological factors in the development, maintenance and management of physical complaints. He is one of the leading scientists on somatoform disorders and, per Web of Science, leads the international publication list on this topic. [12] Together with Prof. Hiller (Mainz) he developed the frequently used questionnaire procedure SOMS (Screening for Somatoform Symptoms). [13] As a nominated member of the Initial Group for the reformulation of the concept of somatoform symptom and associated in DSM-5, he was initially involved in this process, but later clearly criticized the concept of "somatic symptom disorders" in DSM-5 presented in 2014. [14]

In 2009, the German version of ICD-10 GM introduced the new diagnosis F45.41 "Chronic pain with mental and somatic factors". [15] This introduction was the result of a working group chaired by Prof. Rief. As co-chair together with R.-D. Treede he also chaired the working group on the classification of chronic pain in ICD-11. [16] The classification proposal of this working group for chronic pain was officially included in the draft for ICD-11 by the World Health Assembly 2019, which will become the worldwide basis for the classification of physical and mental diseases. [17]

Since 2004, he has increasingly expanded his research focus to the topic of placebo and nocebo mechanisms in medical interventions and from 2010 - 2019 he has headed a corresponding transregional DFG research group (DFG 1328), which was transformed to a Transregio in 2020 (Spokesperson Prof. Ulrike Bingen). [18] [19] [20] He was able to prove that patient expectations contributed significantly to the success of treatment, even in highly invasive medical interventions (such as cardiac surgery), and that modifying these patient expectations increases the success of such interventions. [21] However, patient expectations are also essential for the development of side effects. Special emphasis was put on expectation effects in depression. [22] [23] Book publications on the subject of "biofeedback" [24] (Rief & Birbaumer, 2000; 2006; 2010), [25] somatisation disorder (Rief & Hiller, 2011) [26] or on the subject of "psychosomatics and behavioural medicine" (Rief & Henningsen, 2015).

Since Jan 01, 2024, Rief is spokesperson of the LOEWE Center DYNAMIC, a cooperation of universities (Frankfurt, Gießen, Marburg, Darmstadt) and other research institutes (DIPF; ESI). The government of Hessen supports this initiative to develop new models for understanding mental disorders with 15 Bio EUR for the first period until 2027. [27] [28]

Rief was also a member of the initiative group for the foundation of a European Society of Clinical Psychology and is a board member of the European Association of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Treatment. As Editor in Chief he launched the journal Clinical Psychology in Europe among others. [29]

During corona pandemic, he published a website for the German Society for Psychology (DGPs) with information for everyone who has fears and uncertainties in the corona situation and especially when making vaccination decisions.

The site also includes tips for dealing with such anxiety. [30]

Related Research Articles

Psychosomatic medicine is an interdisciplinary medical field exploring the relationships among social, psychological, behavioral factors on bodily processes and quality of life in humans and animals.

Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), also known as idiopathic environmental intolerances (IEI), is an unrecognized and controversial diagnosis characterized by chronic symptoms attributed to exposure to low levels of commonly used chemicals. Symptoms are typically vague and non-specific. They may include fatigue, headaches, nausea, and dizziness.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Placebo</span> Substance or treatment of no therapeutic value

A placebo can be roughly defined as a sham medical treatment. Common placebos include inert tablets, inert injections, sham surgery, and other procedures.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chronic pain</span> Pain that lasts longer than three months

Chronic pain or chronic pain syndrome is a type of pain that is also known by other titles such as gradual burning pain, electrical pain, throbbing pain, and nauseating pain. This type of pain is sometimes confused with acute pain and can last from three months to several years; Various diagnostic manuals such as DSM-5 and ICD-11 have proposed several definitions of chronic pain, but the accepted definition is that it is "pain that lasts longer than the expected period of recovery."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hypochondriasis</span> Medical condition

Hypochondriasis or hypochondria is a condition in which a person is excessively and unduly worried about having a serious illness. Hypochondria is an old concept whose meaning has repeatedly changed over its lifespan. It has been claimed that this debilitating condition results from an inaccurate perception of the condition of body or mind despite the absence of an actual medical diagnosis. An individual with hypochondriasis is known as a hypochondriac. Hypochondriacs become unduly alarmed about any physical or psychological symptoms they detect, no matter how minor the symptom may be, and are convinced that they have, or are about to be diagnosed with, a serious illness.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Somatization disorder</span> Mental disorder consisting of clinically significant somatic symptoms

Somatization disorder was a mental and behavioral disorder characterized by recurring, multiple, and current, clinically significant complaints about somatic symptoms. It was recognized in the DSM-IV-TR classification system, but in the latest version DSM-5, it was combined with undifferentiated somatoform disorder to become somatic symptom disorder, a diagnosis which no longer requires a specific number of somatic symptoms. ICD-10, the latest version of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, still includes somatization syndrome.

A nocebo effect is said to occur when negative expectations of the patient regarding a treatment cause the treatment to have a more negative effect than it otherwise would have. For example, when a patient anticipates a side effect of a medication, they can experience that effect even if the "medication" is actually an inert substance. The complementary concept, the placebo effect, is said to occur when positive expectations improve an outcome. The nocebo effect is also said to occur in someone who falls ill owing to the erroneous belief that they were exposed to a toxin, e.g. a physical phenomenon they believe is harmful, such as EM radiation.

Pain disorder is chronic pain experienced by a patient in one or more areas, and is thought to be caused by psychological stress. The pain is often so severe that it disables the patient from proper functioning. Duration may be as short as a few days or as long as many years. The disorder may begin at any age, and occurs more frequently in girls than boys. This disorder often occurs after an accident, during an illness that has caused pain, or after withdrawing from use during drug addiction, which then takes on a 'life' of its own.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Da Costa's syndrome</span> Medical condition

Da Costa's syndrome is a psychiatric syndrome which presents a set of symptoms similar to those of heart disease. These include fatigue upon exertion, shortness of breath, palpitations, sweating, and chest pain.

Medically unexplained physical symptoms are symptoms for which a treating physician or other healthcare providers have found no medical cause, or whose cause remains contested. In its strictest sense, the term simply means that the cause for the symptoms is unknown or disputed—there is no scientific consensus. Not all medically unexplained symptoms are influenced by identifiable psychological factors. However, in practice, most physicians and authors who use the term consider that the symptoms most likely arise from psychological causes. Typically, the possibility that MUPS are caused by prescription drugs or other drugs is ignored. It is estimated that between 15% and 30% of all primary care consultations are for medically unexplained symptoms. A large Canadian community survey revealed that the most common medically unexplained symptoms are musculoskeletal pain, ear, nose, and throat symptoms, abdominal pain and gastrointestinal symptoms, fatigue, and dizziness. The term MUPS can also be used to refer to syndromes whose etiology remains contested, including chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, multiple chemical sensitivity and Gulf War illness.

Somatization is a tendency to experience and communicate psychological distress as bodily and organic symptoms and to seek medical help for them. More commonly expressed, it is the generation of physical symptoms of a psychiatric condition such as anxiety. The term somatization was introduced by Wilhelm Stekel in 1924.

Somatosensory amplification (SSA) is a tendency to perceive normal somatic and visceral sensations as being relatively intense, disturbing and noxious. It is a common feature of hypochondriasis and is commonly found with fibromyalgia, major depressive disorder, some anxiety disorders, Asperger syndrome, and alexithymia. One common clinical measure of SSA is the Somatosensory Amplification Scale (SSAS).

Psychogenic pain is physical pain that is caused, increased, or prolonged by mental, emotional, or behavioral factors, without evidence of physical injury or illness.

Functional disorder is an umbrella term for a group of recognisable medical conditions which are due to changes to the functioning of the systems of the body rather than due to a disease affecting the structure of the body.

Somatic symptom disorder, also known as somatoform disorder, is defined by one or more chronic physical symptoms that coincide with excessive and maladaptive thoughts, emotions, and behaviors connected to those symptoms. The symptoms are not purposefully produced or feigned, and they may or may not coexist with a known medical ailment.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paul Enck</span> German psychologist

Paul Enck is Professor of Medical Psychology and was Head of Research at the Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany until 2014; since then, he holds a part-time research and consultant position at the department. His research interests were and still are psychophysiology and neurogastroenterology. Since his semi-retirement in 2014, he added popular science writing in medicine and history to his activities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orofacial pain</span> Medical condition

Orofacial pain is a general term covering any pain which is felt in the mouth, jaws and the face. Orofacial pain is a common symptom, and there are many causes.

The Somatic Symptom Scale - 8 (SSS-8) is a brief self-report questionnaire used to assess somatic symptom burden. It measures the perceived burden of common somatic symptoms. These symptoms were originally chosen to reflect common symptoms in primary care but they are relevant for a large number of diseases and mental disorders. The SSS-8 is a brief version of the popular Patient Health Questionnaire - 15 (PHQ-15).

The term functional somatic syndrome (FSS) refers to a group of chronic diagnoses with no identifiable organic cause. This term was coined by Hemanth Samkumar. It encompasses disorders such as chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, chronic widespread pain, temporomandibular disorder, irritable bowel syndrome, lower back pain, tension headache, atypical face pain, non-cardiac chest pain, insomnia, palpitation, dyspepsia and dizziness. General overlap exists between this term, somatization and somatoform.

The Somatic Symptom Disorder - B Criteria Scale (SSD-12) is a brief self-report questionnaire used to assess the B criteria of DSM-5 somatic symptom disorder, i.e. the patients’ perceptions of their symptom-related thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

References

  1. ↑ "Winfried Rief". Philipps-Universität Marburg (in German). Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  2. 1 2 "Curriculum vitae". Philipps-Universität Marburg (in German). Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  3. ↑ "DGPs: Keine Überregulierung der Weiterbildung Psychotherapie: Vier Jahre sind genug! Unterschriftenaktion findet große Unterstützung". www.dgps.de. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  4. ↑ "Clinical Psychology in Europe". cpe.psychopen.eu. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  5. ↑ "Neues Zentrum forscht zur besseren Versorgung psychisch Kranker". Philipps-Universität Marburg (in German). Retrieved 24 January 2024.
  6. ↑ "Editors| Clinical Psychology in Europe". cpe.psychopen.eu. Retrieved 24 January 2024.
  7. ↑ "EACLIPT - Welcome". www.eaclipt.org. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  8. ↑ "Past ISBM Awardees". International Society of Behavioral Medicine.
  9. ↑ "Alison Creed Award 2020". EAPM.
  10. ↑ "DGPs - Ehrenmitgliedschaft". www.dgps.de. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  11. ↑ "Highly Cited Researchers". Clarivate. Retrieved 24 January 2024.
  12. ↑ Löll, Christiane (5 January 2013). "Seelische Störungen: Der heftige Streit über die Bibel der Psychiatrie". DIE WELT.
  13. ↑ Geue, Kristina; Strauß, Bernhard; Brähler, Elmar, eds. (2016). Diagnostische Verfahren in der Psychotherapie. Diagnostik für Klinik und Praxis (3., überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage ed.). Göttingen: Hogrefe. ISBN   978-3-8017-2700-0.
  14. ↑ Löll, Christiane (1 January 2013). "Psychologie: Wenn Gesunde als gestört abgestempelt werden". DIE WELT.
  15. ↑ Nilges, P.; Rief, W. (2010). "F45.41 Chronische Schmerzstörung mit somatischen und psychischen Faktoren: Eine Kodierhilfe". Der Schmerz (in German). 24 (3): 209–212. doi:10.1007/s00482-010-0908-0. ISSN   0932-433X. PMID   20372936. S2CID   7495409.
  16. ↑ "New Diagnostic Codes for Chronic Pain Approved Under ICD-11 - IASP". IASP.
  17. ↑ "A New Classification of Chronic Pain for Better Patient Care and Research". Pain Research Forum.
  18. ↑ "FOR 1328: Erwartungen und Konditionierung als Basisprozesse der Placebo- und Nocebo-Reaktion".
  19. ↑ Borsch, Julia (23 August 2018). "Homöopathie: Nur Integration in Pharmazie und Medizin ermöglicht Qualitätskontrolle". Deutsche Apothekerzeitung.
  20. ↑ "Placebo Effect Works for Heart Procedures, Too". MedPage Today. 10 January 2017.
  21. ↑ Rief, Winfried; Shedden-Mora, Meike C.; Laferton, Johannes A. C.; Auer, Charlotte; Petrie, Keith J.; Salzmann, Stefan; Schedlowski, Manfred; Moosdorf, Rainer (10 January 2017). "Preoperative optimization of patient expectations improves long-term outcome in heart surgery patients: results of the randomized controlled PSY-HEART trial". BMC Medicine. 15 (1): 4. doi: 10.1186/s12916-016-0767-3 . ISSN   1741-7015. PMC   5223324 . PMID   28069021.
  22. ↑ In a nutshell - How are expectations related to depression? , retrieved 24 January 2024
  23. ↑ Webinar: Winfried Rief - The role of expectations in depression , retrieved 24 January 2024
  24. ↑ "Alternative Heilmethode Biofeedback: Die Signale des Körpers erkennen". Stuttgarter Nachrichten (in German).
  25. ↑ Rief, Winfried; Birbaumer, Niels-Peter; Bernius, Peter, eds. (2011). Biofeedback: Grundlagen, Indikationen, Kommunikation, Vorgehen ; mit 48 Tabellen (3., vollständig überarb. u. erw. Aufl ed.). Stuttgart: Schattauer. ISBN   978-3-7945-2748-9.
  26. ↑ Rief, Winfried; Hiller, Wolfgang (2011). Somatisierungsstörung. Fortschritte der Psychotherapie (2., aktualisierte Aufl ed.). Göttingen Bern Wien: Hogrefe. ISBN   978-3-8017-2126-8.
  27. ↑ "Rund 29 Millionen Euro Landesgeld für hervorragende Forschung". wissenschaft. hessen.de (in German). 30 June 2023. Retrieved 24 January 2024.
  28. ↑ "Neues Zentrum forscht zur besseren Versorgung psychisch Kranker". Philipps-Universität Marburg (in German). Retrieved 24 January 2024.
  29. ↑ "Just Released: First Issue of New Journal Clinical Psychology in Europe (CPE)". Medizin Aspekte (in German). 2 April 2019.
  30. ↑ "Corona-Impfung: Was tun bei Angst vor Nebenwirkungen?". Psychologische Coronahilfe (in German). Retrieved 13 September 2021.
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