The president of Poland,officially the president of the Republic of Poland,is the head of state of the Republic of Poland. Their rights and obligations are determined in the Constitution of Poland. The president heads the executive branch. In addition,the president has the right to dissolve parliament in certain cases,can veto legislation,represents Poland in the international arena,and is the commander-in-chief.
Władysław Eugeniusz Sikorski was a Polish military and political leader.
The Polish government-in-exile,officially known as the Government of the Republic of Poland in exile,was the government in exile of Poland formed in the aftermath of the Invasion of Poland of September 1939,and the subsequent occupation of Poland by Germany,the Soviet Union,and the Slovak Republic,which brought to an end the Second Polish Republic.
Stanisław Mikołajczyk was a Polish politician. He was a Prime Minister of the Polish government-in-exile during World War II,and later Deputy Prime Minister in post-war Poland until 1947.
Ignacy Mościcki was a Polish chemist and politician who was the country's president from 1926 to 1939. He was the longest serving president in Polish history. Mościcki was the President of Poland when Germany invaded the country on 1 September 1939 and started World War II.
The Wilno Voivodeship was one of 16 Voivodeships in the Second Polish Republic,with the capital in Wilno. The jurisdiction was created in 1926 and populated predominantly by Poles,with notable minorities of Belarusians,Jews and Lithuanians. Before 1926,the voivodeship's area was known as the Wilno Land;it had the same boundaries and was also within the contemporary borders of Poland at the time.
Marshal Edward Rydz-Śmigły,also called Edward Śmigły-Rydz,was a Polish politician,statesman,Marshal of Poland and Commander-in-Chief of Poland's armed forces,as well as a painter and poet.
Tomasz Stefan Arciszewski was a Polish socialist politician,a member of the Polish Socialist Party and the 31st Prime Minister of Poland,3rd Prime Minister of the Polish government-in-exile in London from 1944 to 1947 during which the government lost the recognition of the Western powers.
Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski was a Polish physician,general,and politician who served as Minister of Internal Affairs and as the 28th Prime Minister of Poland before and at the Outbreak of World War II.
Marian Zyndram-Kościałkowski was a Polish politician,freemason and military officer who served as voivode of Białystok Voivodeship in 1930-1934,Mayor of Warsaw in 1934 and 27th Prime Minister of Poland from 1935 to 1936.
Prometheism or Prometheanism was a political project initiated by Józef Piłsudski,a principal statesman of the Second Polish Republic from 1918 to 1935. Its aim was to weaken the Russian Empire and its successor states,including the Soviet Union,by supporting nationalist independence movements among the major non-Russian peoples that lived within the borders of Russia and the Soviet Union.
General Wacław Jędrzejewicz was a Polish Army officer,diplomat,politician and historian,and subsequently an American college professor.
General Kazimierz Sosnkowski was a Polish independence fighter,general,diplomat,and architect.
August Zaleski was a Polish economist,freemason,politician,and diplomat. Twice Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland,he served as President of Poland-in-exile.
Herman Lieberman was a Polish lawyer and socialist politician.
Jan Kwapiński,born Piotr Chałupka,was a Polish independence activist and politician. A member of Combat Organization of the Polish Socialist Party,he was imprisoned by Russian Empire authorities in Warsaw Citadel. After Poland regained independence following the First World War,he became a member of Polish parliament (Sejm) after being elected in 1922 Polish legislative election. He then went on to serve as mayor of Łódź(1939). After being Soviet invasion of Poland arrested by the NKVD,then freed after the Sikorski-Mayski Agreement,he joined the London-based Polish government-in-exile as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Industry,Trade and Shipping,later Minister of Treasury.
Juliusz Łukasiewicz was a Polish diplomat,an ambassador of Poland to the Soviet Union and France,and a Polish Freemason.
The Józef Piłsudski Institute of America is a museum and research center devoted to the study of modern Polish history and named after the Polish interwar statesman Józef Piłsudski located in Greenpoint,Brooklyn.
Ignacy Hugo Stanisław Matuszewski was a Polish politician,publicist,diplomat,Minister of Finance of the Second Polish Republic,colonel,infantry officer and intelligence agent of the Polish Army,member of the International Olympic Committee. A strong supporter of Józef Piłsudski,he was counted among the "Colonels" and co-founded the Józef Piłsudski Institute of America.
Stanisław Sylwester Alfonzy Grodyński - Polish soldier,lawyer,local government administrator and senior military intelligence adviser\officer.
