Born in Gdańsk, Nawrocki studied history at the University of Gdańsk, earning a PhD in 2013 with a dissertation on anti-communist activities in the former Polish People's Republic. His academic work centers on themes such as anti-communist resistance, organized crime, and the history of sports, a subject tied to his own background as an active youth athlete, particularly in football and boxing. Nawrocki's early professional career was closely aligned with institutions dedicated to preserving and promoting Poland's historical memory. He joined the Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) in 2009 and gained recognition for reorienting Poland's historical institutions toward a patriotic and anti-communist narrative. Nawrocki was chosen as the presidential candidate of the dominating right-wing populistLaw and Justice (PiS) party on 24 November 2024 as a nonpartisan "citizens' candidate". Despite being relatively unknown on the national level, Nawrocki defeated Tobiasz Bocheński and Przemysław Czarnek in the competition for the PiS nomination after receiving the support of party moderates such as former Prime MinisterMateusz Morawiecki.
Aided by low approval ratings of the incumbent coalition, Nawrocki was elected President on 1 June 2025, receiving 50.89% of the vote, defeating the liberal Rafał Trzaskowski. He was inaugurated as President of Poland on 6 August 2025. His election reflects a broader rightward shift in Poland's political landscape, where issues of national identity and political sovereignty dominate public discourse. Since his inauguration, Nawrocki has been following a confrontational course with the ruling coalition and its leader, Donald Tusk, whom he considers the "worst Prime Minister of the Third Polish Republic". Nawrocki has been working to centralize power around the presidency, supporting constitutional reforms into a semi-presidential system. His chancellery is made up of PiS politicians and his IPN affiliates.
Early life and education
Karol Nawrocki was born on 3 March 1983, in Gdańsk. His father, Ryszard (1949–2008), was a turner and a member of Solidarity. His mother, Elżbieta, was a bookbinder. He has a younger sister named Nina who is a pastry cook and works in a restaurant in Kraków. He completed primary school and the 4th High School in his home city.[2] After passing his final exams (matura) in 2002, he graduated in 2003 from the Post-Secondary School of Business and Administration in Gdańsk with the title of Personnel Management Specialist.[2] In the same year, he began his university studies at Faculty of History at the University of Gdańsk, which he completed in 2008 with a master's degree.[3]
At the same institute, he obtained a PhD in the humanities based on his dissertation titled: Social Resistance to Communist Rule in the Elbląg Voivodeship, 1976–1989.[4][2] In 2023, he completed the International MBA in Strategy, Programme and Project Management postgraduate studies at the Gdańsk University of Technology.[5]
In his youth, Nawrocki developed a strong interest in physical fitness, spending time working out at the gym, and participating in football and boxing.[6]
Early career
Nawrocki as the director of the Museum of the Second World War during a meeting with Polish diaspora in New Zealand, February 2020
He worked at the Institute of National Remembrance in the years 2009–2017, heading its Branch Public Education Office in Gdańsk from 2013 to 2017. He also served as the chairman of the Siedlce District Council in Gdańsk between 2011 and 2017.[4]
In 2017, he was appointed the director of the Museum of the Second World War in Gdańsk,[7] a job he held until 2021. He then returned to the Institute of National Remembrance, becoming its deputy president in June 2021.[8] In July 2021, he took office as the head of the Institute of National Remembrance after being elected by the Sejm and approved by the Senate of Poland.[9] Nawrocki is the author or co-author of several books as well as numerous scientific and popular science papers on anticommunist opposition, organised crime in the Polish People's Republic and the history of sports.[citation needed]
Nawrocki has used the pen name "Tadeusz Batyr" to write a book about a gangster living in 1980s communist Poland.[10] Nawrocki in 2018 went on television as Tadeusz Batyr, wearing a hat and having the television broadcast blur his face, where he said that Nawrocki "inspired me" and highlighted how Nawrocki "was the first person to examine organised crime in communist Poland".[10] Meanwhile, on social media, Nawrocki wrote that "Tadeusz Batyr contacted me for some guidance" and "thanked me for my help with an interesting book, which I recommend".[10]
Nawrocki at campaign events, left to right and top to bottom: Bielsko-Biała on 2 December 2024, Sanok on 30 March 2025, Nowa Dęba on 29 April, Płock on 7 May, Bydgoszcz on 19 May, CPAC event on 27 May
Because of the centralized nature of the party, the choice for selecting who the party's candidate would be fell primarily to the party chairman, Jarosław Kaczyński, based on social research[15] and the balance of factional power within the party.[16][17]
In an August Radio Maryja interview, Kaczyński stated that the selection of possible candidates was narrowing, and described that the PiS candidate must be a "young, tall, imposing, handsome" male "[with] a family".[18][19] A United Surveys poll in September 2024 suggested 29% of PiS voters supported Błaszczak, 21% supported Morawiecki, 11% supported Czarnek, 7% supported Nawrocki, 6% supported Bocheński and 6% supported Tarczyński.[20] The possibility of a primary election for the party was rumored, but ultimately, never announced.[21]
By November 2024, media speculation regarding the candidates narrowed down to, most frequently, Bocheński, Czarnek and Nawrocki.[22] According to Newsweek, Nawrocki was supported internally by party activists such as Adam Bielan, Joachim Brudziński, Sławomir Cenckiewicz, Marta Kaczyńska[pl], and Mateusz Morawiecki (despite initially desiring to himself be the candidate).[23]
Ultimately, at 13.15 on 22 November, Nawrocki was informed that he had been selected as the party's presidential candidate in a meeting with Kaczyński and his opponent, Bocheński.[24]
The selection of Nawrocki without consultation with outgoing president Andrzej Duda (the previous PiS candidate) strained relations between him and Nawrocki,[25] although Duda eventually endorsed Nawrocki at his election convention in Łódź on 26 April.[26]
On 22 May 2025, Nawrocki met with Sławomir Mentzen, who placed third in the first round of the election. They reportedly discussed possible concessions that could lead to Mentzen endorsing Nawrocki.[34] Mentzen presented a set of eight points[b] for a candidate to sign onto,[35] which were signed by Nawrocki.[36][37][38] Former candidates Marek Jakubiak, Marek Woch, Grzegorz Braun and Artur Bartoszewicz endorsed Nawrocki for the runoff.[39][40][41][42] On 1 June 2025, Nawrocki won the runoff election with 50.9% of votes, beating Trzaskowski, who received 49.1% of votes.[43][44]
Controversies
Nawrocki was the subject of various affairs during the 2025 presidential election. Speculation began on whether PiS would replace Nawrocki when it was revealed that he had contact with a future criminal during his time as a boxer two decades prior, for which he was attacked by opposing politicians.[45] Polling showed, however, that the vast plurality of people did not expect Nawrocki to be replaced.[46] Nawrocki would continue being PiS' presidential candidate going into the first round and would face further controversies about his private life.
During the course of the campaign, public criticism emerged over Nawrocki's acquisition of a second apartment from an elderly man in pre-trial detention. As Nawrocki had declared to own just one apartment during a debate, Onet publicised information about him owning a second one. The candidate proceeded to declare that he had acquired the second apartment from the elderly man for pledging lifelong care in exchange; however, it was revealed the man was placed in a state care facility without Nawrocki's involvement.[47] Amid accusations of exploitation, Nawrocki defended the deal's legality and donated the property to charity, after which some journalists claimed the man regained access to the property. He also stated he had regularly tried to visit the elderly man, but without success.[48]
Throughout the second round, Nawrocki encountered a set of new controversies involving his personal life, beginning with the revelation that he had previously participated in a 70 vs 70 football hooligans' fight (Polish: ustawka) between fans of Lechia Gdańsk and Lech Poznań.[49] Facing criticism, he said that Prime Minister Tusk likewise participated in football hooliganism in his youth, and called the fights "noble battles".[50][51] It also came to light that Nawrocki had Chelsea and Lechia Gdańsk tattoos on his torso.[52] Further controversies about Nawrocki's personal background emerged due to allegations of him having worked as a bodyguard for prostitutes at the five-star Grand Hotel in Sopot in his youth[53] and using a nicotine pouch while on air during a presidential debate,[54] which raised concerns about a possible nicotine addiction.[55][56]
Presidency (2025–present)
Karol Nawrocki giving a speech at his inauguration on 6 August 2025
Nawrocki was inaugurated as president of Poland on 6 August 2025, succeeding Andrzej Duda. On the same day he participated in the ceremony of accepting the authority of the President of Poland on the Polish Armed Forces.[57]
Domestic policy
Relations with the Prime Minister and government
The start of Nawrocki's presidency has been marked by a confrontational stance against Prime MinisterDonald Tusk and his ruling coalition,[58] citing his large and recent social mandate after the recent presidential election.[59] Nawrocki stated he views Tusk as the worst Prime Minister of the Third Polish Republic, but is willing to work with him regardless.[60] Analysts consider the downfall of Tusk's coalition and early parliamentary elections as a goal for Nawrocki,[61] with him also seen as competing with Tusk's government in matters of lawmaking and governance despite the president having a primarily representative role,[62] announcing he is seeking a "new formula of cooperation" between the President and parliament.[63]
Nawrocki held his first meeting with Tusk on 14 August,[64] and on 27 August convened the first Cabinet Council[pl], oriented on finances, investments and agriculture.[65]
Karol Nawrocki was elected primarily with support of the right-wing populistLaw and Justice (PiS) party and, despite being officially independent, was considered the PiS candidate in the 2025 presidential election.[66] However, Nawrocki's affiliation as a "PiS president" is debated, with some suggesting he could be a more independent president, or could cooperate with the far-right Confederation aswell, despite its libertarian economic policies conflicting with PiS.[67] Alongside seeking to empower his role in governance of the country[62] and reform Poland into a semi-presidential republic,[68] Nawrocki is perceived as aspiring to lead the "right wing" of politics, possibly threatening the position of established political leaders such as Jarosław Kaczyński.[69]
At his inaugural speech, Nawrocki announced intention to create a new Constitution by 2030,[70] announcing the creation of a Council for the Reform of the System of the State[71] (Polish: Rada ds. Naprawy Ustroju Państwa).[72] Soon after, Paweł Szefernaker, Nawrocki's appointed cabinet chief, elaborated that Nawrocki aims to empower the presidency.[73] According to RMF FM, the Council is to be formed between September and October, chaired by presidential advisor Dariusz Dudek, and seek to reform, among others, the form of government from the current parliamentary-cabinet[pl] to a semi-presidential system.[68]
Nawrocki signing the 0% PIT for families bill on 8 August 2025
Part of Nawrocki's conflict strategy against the Tusk cabinet is to use his privilege as president to introduce laws to parliament and to reshape coalition legislation by vetoing laws and re-submitting them with the disputed provisions removed.[62] In the first weeks of Nawrocki's presidency, Nawrocki introduced legislature that would restore the old project of the Central Communication Port,[74] abolish PIT for families with more than one child, increase the income tax threshold to an annual income of 140,000 PLN,[75] extend the prohibition of sale of Polish land to foreigners.[76] On 21 August, Nawrocki for the first time used the presidential veto against an omnibus bill regarding wind turbine deregulation and the extension of energy price freeze period, criticizing the deregulation as pushed by a wind turbine lobby and unsafe, stating he would propose his own price freeze bill.[77]
On 3 November 2025, Nawrocki introduced a proposed bill titled "Retiring with Dignity", which would rise the minimum wage to 2,000 PLN (up from 1,878 PLN), and introduce the indexation of social pensions both as a percentage and by a fixed amount, with a guaranteed increase of at least 150 PLN for lowest pensions.[78] Dual pension indexation was one of the Tusk's 100 pledges in the 2023 election.[79]
Historical policy
During his presidency, Nawrocki has been opposed to fascist Ukrainian symbolism and activities. Nawrocki pursued the criminalisation of Banderite ideology in Poland, including the equalisation of Banderite symbols with Nazi and communist symbolism.[80]
On 31 August 2025, the 45th anniversary of the August Agreements which created the Solidarity trade union, Nawrocki criticized former union leader and president Lech Wałęsa, stating that while Wałęsa cannot be forgotten, he must be correctly and truthfully remembered.[81]
Nawrocki advocates for pursuing World War II reparations from Germany, which Poland never received. On a WW2 anniversary on 1 September 2025, Nawrocki "unequivocally" demanded Germany pays Poland war reparations worth over 6 trillion PLN (1.4 trillion Euros),[82] continuing the course set by the Law and Justice party.[83] During a visit to Germany in September 2025, Nawrocki attempted to discuss the topic of war reparations, but was rejected, with Germany stating that the matter of war reparations is "definitively regulated".[84] An alternative solution to paying war reparations proposed by Nawrocki was for Poland to receive financial aid for its military industry.[85]
As president, Nawrocki opposes the EU–Mercosur Association Agreement, promising to uphold the slogan "Polish farmer, Polish field, Polish bread on the Polish table" (Polish: Polski rolnik, polskie pole, polski chleb na polskim stole).[99][100]
In August 2025, Nawrocki vetoed a bill that would have extended financial support for Ukrainian refugees of the Russo-Ukrainian war not employed in Poland as well as funding for Starlink systems to maintain Ukraine's internet connectivity.[101]
Nawrocki's appointees came from two groups: Dębowski, Cenckiewicz, Jędrzak, Kotecki and Leśkiewicz were Nawrocki's coworkers at the Institute of National Remembrance.[105] Other appointments came from the Law and Justice party — KPRP official Kolarski, former viceminister Rabenda, posełs Andruszkiewicz, Bogucki, Przydacz and Szefernaker, who left their parliamentary positions for the KPRP,[105] with Bogumiła Olbryś, Michał Jach, Tomasz Rzymkowski and Marek Subocz respectively replacing them in the Sejm.[110]
Nawrocki greeting US President Donald Trump, 1 May 2025
Nawrocki is considered a nonpartisan, but with a conservative outlook.[113] Nawrocki describes himself as a "representative of the broadly defined patriotic camp", and stresses that he has never belonged to a political party.[114] He considers himself a "citizens' candidate" that will end the "Polish-Polish war".[115] He declared that he is ready to support "any Polish government that demands the exhumation of Polish victims in Volhynia", and describes issues of history and social accountability as his "demarcation lines".[116]Euronews describes the political alignment of Nawrocki's campaign as "patriotic, pro-Christian, pro-NATO and favourable to president Donald Trump".[30]Financial Times described Nawrocki as "anti-liberal, anti-German, anti-EU".[117]
During the campaign, Nawrocki stated: "There is a male sex and a female sex. And if anyone defies that, they don't understand the present, the past, or the future" and "marriage is a union between a man and a woman."[121] Nawrocki also opposes euthanasia, and his position on abortion has been described as "even more conservative than that of PiS itself";[121] he stated that he would not allow the return of pre-2021 abortion laws in Poland, which allowed abortion in case of serious diseases, arguing: "I would not sign a law that would reinstate the agreement on abortion. As a future president, I cannot allow the abortion of children with Down syndrome."[122]
He stresses his commitment to promote Polish patriotism, Christian values and national sovereignty, and has declared the need to defend traditional social values.[123] He has stated his strong opposition to removal of crosses from state buildings.[124] He holds anti-communist views, and has criticised the Polish education system, claiming that Polish education is controlled by the "post-communist party environment". In February 2024, he was listed as one of the persons wanted by the Russian Federation on criminal charges for the removal of monuments commemorating the Red Army erected in the former Polish People's Republic in the years 1944–1989.[125] He has described cursed soldiers as national heroes of Poland and praised Law and Justice for implementing a National Remembrance Day in their honour.[123]
Nawrocki calls for "a welfare state with zero VAT on food".[133] He promised to increase social spending, welfare benefits and pensions;[134] he also supports welfare programmes and opposes adopting the Euro as Poland's currency.[135] He stresses the lack of transport in Poland and has pledged to develop rail infrastructure in underdeveloped regions of the country.[136] Nawrocki proposes to enact an additional tax on the owners of three and more apartments, with an exemption for families with children.[137] His other proposals include abolishing tax on savings and increasing the annual indexation of pensions.[138] He also expressed welfare chauvinist views - believing that Poles are "treated worse in their own country than immigrants", Nawrocki argues that social benefits in Poland should be for Poles only, and pensions for Ukrainian immigrants should be eliminated; additionally, Polish citizens should have a priority in healthcare, school and kindergarten queues.[139][140]
He objected to the Tusk government's cut in healthcare contributions for businesses and stated that he would oppose any attempt to reduce healthcare funding.[141] Nawrocki also signed a list of 11 pledges, including promises to not raise the retirement age, to uphold worker protections, to defend minimum wages, to retain the ban on Sunday business activity, to promote economic patriotism, and to increase funding for the public health service and agriculture. Based on these pledges, he was endorsed by Poland's Solidarity trade union.[142] Nawrocki supports additional taxes on "digital giants operating online and targeting Polish users" and the expansion of social housing.[143]
He argues that Poland needs to achieve "full energy sovereignty". He supports nuclear energy, describing it as "the most secure and stable one". He also criticised the European Green Deal, stating that while he supports environmental protection, he opposes "climate madness at the expense of Polish homes, workers and entrepreneurs". Nawrocki also believes that Poland needs to ensure its food security and respect "the sovereignty of the Polish countryside"; he has described rural Poland as "the mainstay of Polish culture, traditions and social values".[131] Nawrocki is considered to not be economically liberal, but supported selective tax cuts.[122] He advocated for reducing the value-added tax rate from 23% to 22% during his presidential campaign, as well as an exemption from personal income tax for families with two or more children. He also pledged to veto blanket tax increases.[138][144]
Foreign policy
Karol Nawrocki has emphasised in his statements that the geopolitical interest of the Polish state lies in pushing back the Russian Federation.[2] He has stated that "Russia is imperialist in its foundation whether it is white terror, red terror or modern terror".[145] According to him, the foundation of Poland's security is a strong position within NATO and a close alliance with the United States.[2] He also supports regional alliances such as the Bucharest Nine and favours expanding this format to include Sweden and Finland.[2] Nawrocki is an advocate of increasing defense spending and expanding the army to 300,000 troops. However, he opposes conscription or mandatory military training for young men.[2]
He supports ending the Russo-Ukrainian War by a peace agreement but argues that the issue of territorial cessions should be decided by the European community as well as Ukraine itself.[145] Nawrocki opposed the deployment of Polish troops to Ukraine. He supported the normalisation of relations with Ukraine on a basis of partnership, as well as the recognition and dignified burial of Polish victims in Volhynia.[2] Nawrocki is opposed to Ukrainian membership in NATO or the European Union until Ukraine accepts responsibility for the genocide of Poles in Volhynia. He has previously denounced attempts to downplay the 1943–1945 massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia for the sake of improving Polish-Ukrainian relations.[146] He would seek to punish the glorification of Ukrainian nationalist leader Stepan Bandera.[147] Nawrocki distanced himself from the former pro-Ukrainian policy of PiS and criticized Ukraine for acting against Polish interests.[148] He was accused of anti-Ukrainian sentiment,[149] and "echoing Kremlin talking points about Ukraine".[150] Responding to the accusations of speaking "Putin's language" on Ukraine, Nawrocki stated: "I speak the language of Polish people. Millions want to say that Zelensky mistreats us, but they're silenced with 'you're spreading Putin's propaganda'."[151]
He was criticised in Israel for downplaying the role of Poles in the Holocaust.[152] Nawrocki said he would defend Poland "against all disgusting attacks" by Holocaust scholars.[153] Poland's foreign minister, Radosław Sikorski, publicly defended Nawrocki in response to the criticism.[154] During the election campaign, Nawrocki defended the 2018 amendment that criminalized attributing responsibility for the Holocaust to the Polish nation, stating: "I am fighting for this truth. Poles are not antisemites. Many Poles lost their lives during World War II saving Jews." When asked about Israel, Nawrocki expressed his belief that "there is no state that is a chosen nation to live out its history".[155] He also promised to end the tradition of lighting Hanukkah candles in the presidential palace,[156] stating that commitment to Christian values would exclude celebrating Jewish holidays.[121]
Personal life
Karol Nawrocki is married to Marta Nawrocka (born in 1986), a graduate of the Faculty of Law and Administration at the University of Gdańsk and an employee of the National Revenue Administration.[157] She specialises in the control of the oil industry and combating illegal trade. Together, they have two children: a son Antoni and a daughter, Katarzyna. They also raised Daniel (born in 2003), Marta Nawrocka's son from a previous relationship.[157] The couple married in 2010, and Karol Nawrocki adopted Daniel.[157] The pair signed their son, Antoni, out of "health education" classes introduced by the Ministry of National Education under Barbara Nowacka.[158]
Daniel Nawrocki studies at the Faculty of Law and Administration at the University of Gdańsk. He is involved in journalism, working for Gazeta Morska and previously for Dziennik Bałtycki. In 2023, he was appointed a member of the Youth Sports Council under the Minister of Sport. He was also a member of the Youth Council of the City of Gdańsk and now serves as a neighborhood councilor. In 2024, he ran unsuccessfully for a seat on the Gdańsk City Council as a candidate of the Law and Justice party.[159]
During the first months of Nawrocki's presidency, he maintained a positive approval rating, being one of Poland's most approved politicians. His popularity was highest among Polish youth, with a United Surveys poll showing 73% approval among respondents aged 18–29, and lowest among those over 70, where approval stood at 42%.[160]
During his 2025 presidential campaign, Nawrocki portrayed himself as a nonpartisan "citizens' candidate" (Polish: kandydat obywatelski),[167] and as an authentic "flesh and bone man" (Polish: człowiek z krwi i kości).[168] Nawrocki's image as president has been compared to President of the United StatesDonald Trump.[169] Nawrocki was applauded for actively representing Poland in international visits and was described as an "active" president close to the people, or a "people's president".[170] Besides exercising in public, Nawrocki also appeared in public with various members of the public, including eating a kebab with youth from a remote village as part of a casual campaign promise,[171] and speaking with Polish citizens who called out for him during a visit to the United States.[172]
↑ "Jacek Nizinkiewicz: Jest jeden kandydat PiS, który miałby szansę zostać prezydentem RP". 9 September 2024. Archived from the original on 9 September 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2025. Witold Bańka to idealny kandydat PiS na prezydenta. Były minister sportu i turystyki i obecny szef Światowej Agencji Antydopingowej spełnia wymagania prezesa, jest akceptowany na prawicy, nie ma na niego haków i nie budzi negatywnych emocji wśród przeciwników PiS. Kompetentny, doświadczony i dobrze prezentujący się Bańka mógłby być trudnym przeciwnikiem dla Trzaskowskiego. Nawet będąc ministrem w rządzie Beaty Szydło, a później Mateusza Morawieckiego, nie był źle oceniany przez konkurentów i nie było wokół niego kontrowersji. Problem w tym, że odmówił Kaczyńskiemu. Musiałby zrezygnować z dobrze płatnej międzynarodowej pracy i kariery, a w zamian dać się zaprzęgnąć w kampanię PiS.
↑ Długosz, Dominika (20 November 2024). "PiS gruntownie przebadało kandydatów. Wynik? Partia ma zasadniczy problem". Archived from the original on 20 November 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2025. Przeciwko nominacji dla Czarnka, która była już niemal pewna ponad miesiąc temu zaprotestował Mateusz Morawiecki i jego harcerze. Od tego czasu nie przestają kombinować jak pozycję Czarnka podkopać. – Chłopcy się trochę obawiają, że silny Czarnek wzmocni naszych radykałów, że zbudują się sojusze z ziobrystami i że oni – zamiast budować konserwatywne centrum, obudzą się na obrzeżach radykalnej partii. Dla nich to chyba byłby największy koszmar – trochę kpią politycy PiS, których pytamy o stan frakcyjnej wojny w partii.
Przybył, Sebastian (18 November 2024). "Kiedy poznamy kandydata PiS na prezydenta? Tobiasz Bocheński wskazał dzień". Retrieved 22 June 2025. Bogdan Rymanowski zwrócił się także do europarlamentarzysty czy prawdą jest, że w grze o nominacje pozostały już tylko dwie osoby - właśnie Tobiasz Bocheński, a także Karol Nawrocki.
Jordan, Arkadiusz (19 November 2024). "Kandydat PiS na wybory prezydenckie 2025". Retrieved 22 June 2025. Finaliści do inwestytury – kandydaci PiS w wyborach prezydenckich to dziś: Karol NAWROCKI, Mateusz MORAWIECKI i Przemysław CZARNEK.
"Kandydat PiS na prezydenta. Błaszczak przekazał nowe informacje". 20 November 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2025. Poseł PiS, Ryszard Terlecki, w rozmowie z Polsat News ujawnił, że "w tej chwili rozstrzyga się wybór między dwoma nazwiskami". - Chodzi o Przemysława Czarnka i Karola Nawrockiego - dodał, nie wykluczając przy tym możliwości niespodzianek w tym procesie.
Cygan, Damian (22 November 2024). "Nagły zwrot akcji w PiS. Kaczyński: Kandydatów jest czterech". Retrieved 22 June 2025. Wcześniej Telewizja Republika, a następnie Polsat News podały, że kandydatem na prezydenta z ramienia Prawa i Sprawiedliwości będzie szef Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej Karol Nawrocki, który w wyścigu o nominację miał pokonać m.in. Przemysława Czarnka i Tobiasza Bocheńskiego.
↑ Wyszczelska, Adrianna (13 June 2025). "Nawrocki zapytany o pozwy. Zdradził, co zrobi jako prezydent". Fakt. Retrieved 28 September 2025. Karol Nawrocki uważa, że Donald Tusk to najgorszy premier III RP. Mimo to nie wyklucza współpracy z szefem obecnego rządu. — Oczekuje się od prezydenta i premiera, żeby te emocje względem siebie wygaszali przy sprawach, które są najważniejsze dla Polaków — mówił w wywiadzie dla Wirtualnej Polski.
↑ Address by the President of the Republic of Poland Karol Nawrocki, 6 August 2025, retrieved 21 August 2025, In order to resolve the problem of the political system of the state, I will establish a Council for the Reform of the System of the State at the Presidential Palace.
Turp-Balazs, Craig (13 June 2025). "In defence of globalisation". Reinvantage. Nawrocki's victory represents a broader shift in developed economies towards economic nationalism.
Kukawski, Michal (16 April 2025). "Chaos, Theater, and the Race for Poland's Presidency". Veridica. Karol Nawrocki, parroting PiS orthodoxy, lionizes Donald Trump and echoes his economic nationalism, even when it runs counter to Poland's economic self-interest.
Beaumont, Adrian (4 June 2025). "South Korea and Poland elections wrap". Poll Bludger. Archived from the original on 5 June 2025. At Sunday's Polish presidential runoff election, Karol Nawrocki, the candidate of the economically left but socially conservative Law and Justice (PiS) defeated Rafał Trzaskowski.
↑ "The Polish presidential election, explained". Pimlico Journal. 15 May 2025. Nawrocki, by contrast to his PO rival Trzaskowski, has promised to increase benefits, social spending, and pensions.
↑ "The Polish presidential election, explained". Pimlico Journal. 15 May 2025. This is because Nawrocki, while not going as far as Mentzen, has sought to distance himself from PiS's pro-Ukraine policies in the past, and has recently accused Zelensky of not acting in Poland's best interests.
↑ "Nawrocki wins election in Poland — and that's bad news for Ukraine". RBC-Ukraine. 2 June 2025. Archived from the original on 2 June 2025. Meanwhile, in Poland's presidential election, the right-wing conservative head of the Institute of National Remembrance, Karol Nawrocki, claimed victory. Due to his background as a historian, he is known for his sharp anti-Ukrainian statements, particularly on the events of the Volhynia massacre.
↑ Kukawski, Michal (16 April 2025). "Chaos, Theater, and the Race for Poland's Presidency". Veridica. A series of damning audits by the Supreme Audit Office accuse Nawrocki of turning the IPN into a political clubhouse and mismanaging over PLN 15 million (3,7 million EUR) in public funds. He has echoed Kremlin talking points about Ukraine and criticized European defense efforts as naïve. In a saner campaign, these would be disqualifying.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
