Dr. John Garang de Mabior was a Sudanese politician and revolutionary leader. From 1983 to 2005,he led the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) during the Second Sudanese Civil War. He briefly served as First Vice President of Sudan for three weeks,from the comprehensive peace agreement of 2005 until his death in a helicopter crash on July 30,2005. A developmental economist by profession,Garang was a major influence on the movement that led to the foundation of South Sudan.
Riek Machar Teny Dhurgon is a South Sudanese politician who is serving as the First Vice President of South Sudan.
The Sudan People's Liberation Movement is a political party in South Sudan. It was initially founded as the political wing of the Sudan People's Liberation Army in 1983. On January 9,2005 the SPLA,the SPLM and the Government of Sudan signed the Comprehensive Peace Agreement,ending the civil war. SPLM then obtained representation in the Government of Sudan,and was the main constituent of the Government of the then semi-autonomous Southern Sudan. When South Sudan became a sovereign state on 9 July 2011,SPLM became the ruling party of the new republic. SPLM branches in Sudan separated themselves from SPLM,forming the Sudan People's Liberation Movement–North. Further factionalism appeared as a result of the 2013–2014 South Sudanese Civil War,with President Salva Kiir leading the SPLM-Juba and former Vice President Riek Machar leading the Sudan People's Liberation Movement-in-Opposition.
The politics of South Sudan concern the system of government in the Republic of South Sudan,a country in East Africa,and the people,organizations,and events involved in it.
Rebecca Nyandeng De Mabior is a South Sudanese politician who serves as the fourth Vice President of South Sudan. She served as the Minister of Roads and Transport for the autonomous government of Southern Sudan,and as an advisor for the President of South Sudan on gender and human rights from 2007 to 2014. She is the widow ofJohn Garang,the late first Vice President of Sudan and the President of the Government of South Sudan,and the mother of Akuol de Mabior. She is from the Dinka tribe of Twic East County of South Sudan.
William Nyuon Bany Machar He was a Southern Sudanese politician who was also one of the founders of the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA). He was appointed third in command after John Garang and Kerubino Kuanyin Bol. While he worked as a commander of the SPLA he lived in Itang,a small Ethiopian town in the Gambela Region.
Lieutenant General Nhial Deng Nhial is a South Sudanese politician and a member of the ruling Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM). He was Minister of Foreign Affairs 2011 to 2013 and 2018 to 2019 after having served as the caretaker Minister of Defense since 10 July 2011. Prior to that he served as the pre-independence South Sudanese Minister of SPLA and Veteran Affairs,from 22 December 2008 until 9 July 2011.
The South Sudan People's Defence Forces (SSPDF),formerly the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA),is the army of the Republic of South Sudan. The SPLA was founded as a guerrilla movement against the government of Sudan in 1983 and was a key participant of the Second Sudanese Civil War,led by John Garang. After Garang's death in 2005,Salva Kiir was named the SPLA's new Commander-in-Chief. As of 2010,the SPLA was divided into divisions of 10,000–14,000 soldiers.
Southern Sudan was an autonomous region consisting of the ten southern states of Sudan between its formation in July 2005 and independence as the Republic of South Sudan in July 2011. The autonomous government was initially established in Rumbek and later moved to Juba. It was bordered by Ethiopia to the east;Kenya,Uganda,and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the south;and the Central African Republic to the west. To the north lies the predominantly Arab and Muslim region directly under the control of the central government. The region's autonomous status was a condition of a peace agreement between the Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M) and the Government of Sudan represented by the National Congress Party ending the Second Sudanese Civil War. The conflict was Africa's longest running civil war.
John Luk Jok was a South Sudanese politician.
Taban Deng Gai is a South Sudanese politician who has been one of the Vice Presidents of South Sudan in the unity government since February 2020. He served as the First Vice President of South Sudan from 23 July 2016 to February 2020. He was mining minister before being appointed as acting first vice president.
Kerubino Kuanyin Bol was a Sudanese rebel leader who was one of the founders of the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) and one of the leaders of the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) during the Second Sudanese Civil War and was said to have fired the first shot in the conflict.
James Wani Igga is a South Sudanese who was the second vice president of South Sudan. He was speaker of the National Legislative Assembly from 2011 to 2013 and secretary general of the Sudan People's Liberation Movement.
The South Sudan Democratic Movement (SSDM),sometimes called the South Sudan Democratic Movement/Army (SSDM/A),was a South Sudanese militant group. Along with its armed wing,the South Sudan Defence Army (SSDA),rebelled against the government of South Sudan led by President Salva Kiir Mayardit and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement.
General elections were scheduled to be held in South Sudan by 9 July 2015,the first since independence. However,in light of an alleged coup d'état attempt and continuing conflict in the country this has been thrown into doubt,especially since no permanent constitution has been formulated. The South Sudan parliament voted in April 2015 to amend the country's transitional 2011 constitution to extend the presidential and parliamentary term until 9 July 2018,with 264 members in favour and a handful opposing it. It was postponed again to 2021 in July 2018. Following the peace agreement that ended the civil war,a transitional period of three years was agreed on,which would be followed by elections in 2023. In 2022,the transitional government and opposition agreed to move it to late 2024.
The South Sudanese Civil War was a multi-sided civil war in South Sudan between forces of the government and opposition forces. In December 2013,President Salva Kiir accused his former deputy Riek Machar and 10 others of attempting a coup d'état. Machar denied trying to start a coup and fled to lead the SPLM –in opposition (SPLM-IO). Fighting broke out between the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) and SPLM-IO,igniting the civil war. Ugandan troops were deployed to fight alongside the South Sudanese government. The United Nations has peacekeepers in the country as part of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS).
Simon Gatwech Dual is a Sudanese rebel Major General who was born in around the late 1930s in what is today Uror County,Jonglei state,South Sudan.
Peter Par Jiek was a brigadier general of the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA),and veteran of the Second Sudanese Civil War. In the course of that conflict,Par fought under Riek Machar with several rebel and pro-government groups,and eventually became a powerful militia commander in Unity State. In that region,he established his own fiefdom and gained some notoriety for his rivalry with another rebel leader,Peter Gadet. Even though he had followed Machar during the whole Second Sudanese Civil War until 2005,Par sided with President Salva Kiir Mayardit upon the outbreak of the South Sudanese Civil War in 2013. Leading pro-government counter-insurgency forces in Wau State since 2014,Par was eventually ambushed and killed by SPLM-IO rebels loyal to Machar in 2017.
The South Sudan United Front/Army (SS-UF/A),often just called South Sudan United Front (SS-UF),is a South Sudanese rebel group which has taken part in the South Sudanese Civil War.
On 4 January 2018,SPLM-IO rebels loyal to Chan Garang Lual attacked the western parts of Juba,the capital of South Sudan. The raid was part of the South Sudanese Civil War. Once in Juba,the insurgents were reportedly joined by Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) soldiers who were loyal to deposed chief of staff Paul Malong Awan. Following heavy fighting lasting until early 5 January,the rebels retreated into the countryside. Even though Chan Garang assumed responsibility for the attack,both the South Sudanese government and the SPLM-IO condemned the clashes,with the latter claiming that its forces had not been involved at all.
