Shavkat Mirziyoyev

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Some people tell me that I did not know about everything in country when I was a prime minister? I knew everything, but the environment was bad. Now I am talking about it openly, even if some people do not like it. Several years the so-called ‘rats’, ‘the children of some people’ did much to spoil the country's investment fund. Corruption is implicated in many investment projects, and in some projects, it is 50%. Corruption was also in transport policy, both internal and external.

U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo meets with the President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev, at the Department of State in Washington, D.C., on 17 May 2018. Secretary Pompeo Meets with President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev (42129787772).jpg
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo meets with the President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev, at the Department of State in Washington, D.C., on 17 May 2018.

Some analysts think Mirziyoyev wants to enter in history as a reformer. He removed most of Karimov's officials and urged government to employ "new, young people who love their country." After a year in office, Mirziyoyev is increasingly moving away from his predecessor's policy, which is especially visible in his active foreign policy. He visited all the Uzbek regions and big cities to get acquainted with the implementation of the projects and reforms which he had ordered. Many analysts and Western media compared his rule with Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping or Russian leader Mikhail Gorbachev; his rule has been quoted as being an "Uzbek Spring". [46]

At the end of that year, he was named the "Asian of the Year of 2018" by the Asia Journalist Association (AJA). [47]

In August 2019 he closed the notorious Jaslyk Prison. [48]

In July 2021, Mirziyoyev's spokesperson attempted to generate some suspense as to whether or not the President would run in the elections again. It was widely acknowledged that Mirziyoyev would not only participate but likely win. [49] [50]

Constitutional reform

On 1 July 2022 protests broke out in the autonomous region of Karakalpakstan over proposed amendments to the Constitution of Uzbekistan which would have ended Karakalpakstan's status as an autonomous region of Uzbekistan and right to secede from Uzbekistan via referendum. They were brutally suppressed, at least 18 people were killed. [51]

In April 2023, a referendum was held in Uzbekistan to change the constitution. The adopted amendments increased the presidential term from 5 to 7 years. The number of terms is still limited to two, but due to a change in the constitution, Mirziyoyev's previous presidencies are not counted. Shortly thereafter, the head of state called early elections. They passed on July 9, 2023. Mirziyoyev won with 87% of the vote on a turnout of almost 80%. [52]

Foreign policy

CIS leadership meeting in 2021 CIS leadership meeting (2021-12-28).jpg
CIS leadership meeting in 2021

Mirziyoyev's foreign policy is much more open than the policy of his predecessor. Uzbekistan was practically under international isolation after the Andijan massacre in 2005 and Karimov rarely travelled outside of Central Asia and other CIS states. Mirziyoyev promised to conduct an active foreign policy at the beginning of his tenure.

During the first 10 months of his tenure, Mirziyoyev visited Kazakhstan four times, Turkmenistan three times, Russia two times, as well as China, Saudi Arabia, United States, Turkey and Kyrgyzstan. At the different occasions, he met the presidents of Iran, Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Bulgaria, Belarus and the King of Spain. During the CIS Summit in Tashkent in November 2017, he met eight Prime Ministers of foreign countries.

Regional policy

Mirziyoyev at the 2022 Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit in Samarkand Shanghai Cooperation Organization member states Summit gets underway in Samarkand 02.jpg
Mirziyoyev at the 2022 Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit in Samarkand

One of his most significant foreign policy achievements is the gradual improvement of relations with Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. [53] [54] On 5 September 2017, just 3 days after the anniversary of the death of his predecessor, he made a historic visit to Kyrgyzstan. This was the first state visit of an Uzbek president to the neighboring country since 2000. [55] On 19 September 2017, Mirziyoyev addressed the UN General Assembly for the first time.

In 2018, a large number of foreign leaders visited or were expected in Uzbekistan, including Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, and Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko, whose visit took place in September and was his first state visit to the country in 24 years. [56] In March 2018, Mirziyoyev made a visit to Tajikistan, which made him the first Uzbek president to conduct a state visit to Dushanbe since 2000. [57] [58]

In March 2019, Mirziyoyev held a telephone conversation with Nursultan Nazarbayev, who had resigned from office that day. In it, he expressed regret to the ex-president, saying that he was a "great politician". [59] [60] During a visit to Abu Dhabi in March 2019, Mirziyoyev came away from his talks with Crown Prince Mohammed bin Zayed with over $10 billion in infrastructure, alternative energy and agriculture deals, as well as deals in other spheres. [61]

In 2022 Uzbekistan hosted the 22nd Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Summit in Samarkand. During the summit, which was attended by world leaders Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Russian President Vladimir Putin, Chinese President Xi Jinping, Iran's Ebrahim Raisi, Azerbaijan's Ilham Aliyev, presidents of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Mongolia, and the prime ministers of Pakistan and India, it was noted that the Chinese and Indian leaders chastised President Putin about his role in Ukraine. [62] In preparation for the Summit, the president ordered that the city be redeveloped. This included the construction of a new international airport [63] and a tourism complex that has had mixed reviews. [64]

Afghanistan

Mirziyoyev has also taken an important role in Afghanistan by offering to host peace talks between the government and the Taliban since March 2018. During the week of 6–10 August 2018, a Taliban delegation visited Tashkent, at the request of Mirziyoyev, to discuss issues including transport, power and peace in Afghanistan. [65] [66] Mirziyoyev attended the Vibrant Gujarat international investment summit as a key guest, being the first Central Asian leader to participate as a partner in the summit. [67] In early 2019, it was announced that Mirziyoyev planned to visit 36 countries in official visits throughout the year.

Mirziyoyev with U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken on 1 March 2023 Secretary Blinken Meets with Uzbek President Mirziyoyev (52719745848).jpg
Mirziyoyev with U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken on 1 March 2023

Culture policy

In October 2020, Mirziyoyev issued a decree to accelerate the full Latinization of the Uzbek language that outlined language policy for the 2020–30 period as the country continues an on-again, off-again attempt to reform the Uzbek language and widen its use. [68] Some of the main parts of the degree called on the development of a road map for a full transition to the Uzbek alphabet based on the Latin alphabet, as well as government officials by April 2021 to be certified in their knowledge of Uzbek. [68]

Personal life

He has two sisters, a half-brother, and sister. Mirziyoyev is married to Ziroatkhon Hoshimova and has two daughters, a son and five grandchildren. [69] The eldest daughter of Said Mirziyoyev heads the sector for communications and information policy of the executive office of the administration of the head of state. [70] His eldest son-in-law, Oybek Tursunov, is the current head of Mirziyoyev's presidential administration, while his younger son-in-law, Otabek Shahanov, is the head of the presidential security services. [71]

Since coming to power, Mirziyoyev has built a new residence for himself in Qibray District, which could potentially include a presidential highway, [72] and an interior that is decorated with Argentinian marble slabs and Swarovski crystals. [73]

In February 2021, it was reported that Mirziyoyev was building an exclusive mountain compound, including a new reservoir. The compound, located about 100 kilometers by car from Tashkent, includes a luxurious mansion built for Mirziyoyev and his relatives. Two sources estimated the cost of the development at several hundred million dollars, though only a handful of publicly available official documents make reference to the compound and the adjacent reservoir, which were largely completed by 2019. [74]

Awards

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Notes

  1. Uzbek: Шавкат Миромонович (Миромон ўғли) Мирзиёев, Shavkat Miromonovich (Miromon o‘g‘li) Mirziyoyev
    pronounced [ʃɑfˈkɑtmirɔˈmɔnəvʲit͡ɕ(mirɔˈmɔnœɣˈlə)mirziˈjɔjɪf]
Shavkat Mirziyoyev
Шавкат Мирзиёев
Shavkat Mirziyoyev official portrait (cropped 2).jpg
Official portrait, 2018
2nd President of Uzbekistan
Assumed office
14 December 2016
Acting: 8 September 2016 – 14 December 2016
Political offices
Preceded by Prime Minister of Uzbekistan
2003–2016
Succeeded by
Preceded byas Acting president President of Uzbekistan
2016–present
Incumbent
Party political offices
Preceded by UzLiDeP nominee for President of Uzbekistan
2016, 2021
Most recent
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by Chairman of the Organization of Turkic States
2022–present
Incumbent