Yishi Jin is a Chinese-American neurobiologist who is a professor at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. She is interested in neural development and regeneration in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans . Jin is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Academy of Arts and Sciences and American Society for Cell Biology.
Jin studied cell biology at the Peking University. [1] She moved to the United States for graduate studies, where she worked at University of California, Berkeley. [2] After earning her doctorate, Jin joined Massachusetts Institute of Technology as a postdoctoral fellow. [3]
In 1996 Jin was appointed to the faculty at University of California, Santa Cruz, and by 2003 she had been promoted to Professor. In 2007 Jin joined the University of California, San Diego as a Professor of Neurobiology. Jin has studied the communication of neurons, formation of synapses, role of neural circuitry in controlling movement and regeneration of axons. [4] Neural communication is mediated by axons that transmit electrical and chemical signals, which are received by receptor proteins. [5] She showed that the protein DLK1 helps these axons to find their way, through a series of specific chemical signals. [6] At the receiver end, Jin has shown that the quality of neurons is evaluated by the EBAX-1 and hsp90, which serve to identify defects and fix any flaws. [5]
Jin has investigated the nerve fibres involved with neuroregeneration. [7] During her investigations, she identified a new genetic pathway – the piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) – the is involved with the rehabilitation of neuron damage. [8] Jin believes that piRNA may be an effective therapeutic pathway, offering hope for the regeneration of axons. [8] She spent 2016 as a neurobiology resident at Aix-Marseille University, where she studied traumatic brain injury and the regulators that initiate axon regrowth. [9]
In 2018 Jin was named the inaugural Junior Seau Endowed Faculty Chair in Traumatic Brain Injury. The position was established in honour of Junior Seau, a member of the NFL Hall of Fame, who suffered from chronic traumatic encephalopathy. [10] Jin was selected as the chair holder because of her research into the effective treatment and prevention of traumatic brain injury. [10] As an advocate for improving young people's access to science, Jin committed to using the position to advocate for K–12 education and better safety in sports.
An axon, or nerve fiber, is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, in vertebrates, that typically conducts electrical impulses known as action potentials away from the nerve cell body. The function of the axon is to transmit information to different neurons, muscles, and glands. In certain sensory neurons, such as those for touch and warmth, the axons are called afferent nerve fibers and the electrical impulse travels along these from the periphery to the cell body and from the cell body to the spinal cord along another branch of the same axon. Axon dysfunction can be the cause of many inherited and acquired neurological disorders that affect both the peripheral and central neurons. Nerve fibers are classed into three types – group A nerve fibers, group B nerve fibers, and group C nerve fibers. Groups A and B are myelinated, and group C are unmyelinated. These groups include both sensory fibers and motor fibers. Another classification groups only the sensory fibers as Type I, Type II, Type III, and Type IV.
In cellular neuroscience, an axotomy is the cutting or otherwise severing of an axon. This type of denervation is often used in experimental studies on neuronal physiology and neuronal death or survival as a method to better understand nervous system diseases.
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