Demographics of The Gambia | |
---|---|
Population | 2,639,916 (2021 est.) |
Density | 176.1/sq km (2013) |
Growth rate | 38.3% |
Birth rate | 29.4 births/1,000 population (2017 est.) |
Death rate | 7 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.) |
Life expectancy | 65.1 (2017 est.) |
• male | 62.8 (2017 est.) |
• female | 67.5 (2017 est.) |
Fertility rate | 3.52 children born/woman (2017 est.) |
Infant mortality rate | 60.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2017 est.) |
Age structure | |
0–14 years | 37.44% (2017 est.) |
15–64 years | 59.08% (2017 est.) |
65 and over | 3.48% (2017 est.) |
Sex ratio | |
Total | 0.98 (2013) |
At birth | 1.03 (2013 est.) |
Under 15 | 1.01 (2013 est.) |
15–64 years | 0.96 (2013 est.) |
65 and over | 0.90 (2013 est.) |
Nationality | |
Nationality | Noun: Gambian |
Major ethnic | African (99%) (2003) |
Minor ethnic | Non-African (1%) (2003) |
Language | |
Official | English |
Spoken | Mandinka, Wolof, Fula |
The demographic characteristics of the population of The Gambia are known through national censuses, conducted in ten-year intervals and analyzed by The Gambian Bureau of Statistics (GBOS) since 1963. The latest census was conducted in 2013. The population of The Gambia at the 2013 census was 1.8 million. The population density is 176.1 per square kilometer, and the overall life expectancy in The Gambia is 64.1 years. Since the first census of 1963, the population of The Gambia has increased every ten years by an average of 43.2 percent. Since 1950s, the birth rate has constantly exceeded the death rate; the natural growth rate is positive. The Gambia is in the second stage of demographic transition. In terms of age structure, The Gambia is dominated by 15- to 24-year-old segment (57.6%). The median age of the population is 19.9 years, and the gender ratio of the total population is 0.98 males per female.
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1963 | 315,486 | — |
1973 | 493,499 | +56.4% |
1983 | 687,817 | +39.4% |
1993 | 1,038,145 | +50.9% |
2003 | 1,360,681 | +31.1% |
2013 | 1,882,450 | +38.3% |
Source: The Gambia Bureau of Statistics [1] |
With a population of 1.88 million in 2013, The Gambia ranks 149th in the world by population. [1] Its population density is 176.1 inhabitants per square kilometer (456 inhabitants per square mile). [2] The overall life expectancy in The Gambia is 64.1 years. [3] The total fertility rate of 3.98 is one of the highest in the world. [4] Since 1950, the United Nations (UN) estimated the birth rate exceeds the death rate. [5] The Gambia Bureau of Statistics (GBOS) estimates the population of The Gambia is expected to reach 3.6 million in 20 years. [1] The population of The Gambia has increased each census, starting with 315 thousand in 1963 to 1.8 million in 2013. [1] The GBOS predicted the reason for the increase from 2003 to 2013 was more coverage in the latter census compared to the former's. [6]
Registration of vital events in Gambia is not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates. [7]
Mid-year population (thousands) | Live births (thousands) | Deaths (thousands) | Natural change (thousands) | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Total fertility rate (TFR) | Infant mortality (per 1000 live births) | Life expectancy (in years) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | 307 | 15 | 10 | 5 | 49.6 | 32.2 | 17.4 | 6.35 | 174.0 | 31.76 |
1951 | 315 | 16 | 10 | 6 | 50.1 | 31.8 | 18.4 | 6.35 | 173.1 | 31.87 |
1952 | 323 | 16 | 10 | 6 | 50.5 | 31.5 | 19.0 | 6.35 | 171.6 | 32.08 |
1953 | 331 | 17 | 10 | 6 | 50.7 | 31.2 | 19.5 | 6.35 | 170.1 | 32.43 |
1954 | 340 | 17 | 11 | 7 | 50.9 | 31.1 | 19.8 | 6.34 | 168.8 | 32.67 |
1955 | 349 | 18 | 11 | 7 | 51.0 | 30.9 | 20.0 | 6.33 | 167.6 | 32.88 |
1956 | 359 | 18 | 11 | 7 | 51.0 | 30.9 | 20.2 | 6.32 | 166.5 | 33.05 |
1957 | 368 | 19 | 11 | 8 | 51.0 | 30.4 | 20.6 | 6.30 | 163.8 | 33.53 |
1958 | 378 | 19 | 11 | 8 | 51.0 | 29.9 | 21.1 | 6.29 | 161.0 | 34.08 |
1959 | 389 | 20 | 11 | 8 | 50.9 | 29.4 | 21.4 | 6.27 | 158.4 | 34.59 |
1960 | 400 | 20 | 12 | 9 | 50.7 | 28.9 | 21.8 | 6.25 | 155.8 | 35.10 |
1961 | 411 | 21 | 12 | 9 | 50.6 | 28.5 | 22.1 | 6.23 | 153.3 | 35.57 |
1962 | 422 | 21 | 12 | 9 | 50.4 | 28.1 | 22.3 | 6.21 | 150.9 | 35.99 |
1963 | 434 | 22 | 12 | 10 | 50.1 | 27.6 | 22.5 | 6.20 | 148.6 | 36.50 |
1964 | 446 | 22 | 12 | 10 | 49.8 | 27.1 | 22.6 | 6.20 | 146.3 | 36.95 |
1965 | 459 | 23 | 12 | 10 | 49.4 | 26.6 | 22.8 | 6.19 | 143.9 | 37.45 |
1966 | 472 | 23 | 12 | 11 | 48.9 | 26.1 | 22.8 | 6.18 | 141.6 | 37.90 |
1967 | 485 | 24 | 12 | 11 | 48.6 | 25.6 | 23.0 | 6.21 | 139.3 | 38.43 |
1968 | 499 | 24 | 13 | 12 | 48.4 | 25.1 | 23.2 | 6.22 | 137.0 | 38.87 |
1969 | 514 | 25 | 13 | 12 | 48.2 | 24.7 | 23.5 | 6.25 | 134.7 | 39.35 |
1970 | 529 | 25 | 13 | 13 | 47.9 | 24.2 | 23.7 | 6.26 | 132.4 | 39.87 |
1971 | 544 | 26 | 13 | 13 | 47.8 | 23.7 | 24.0 | 6.28 | 130.1 | 40.35 |
1972 | 561 | 27 | 13 | 14 | 47.8 | 23.2 | 24.6 | 6.32 | 127.7 | 40.92 |
1973 | 577 | 28 | 13 | 14 | 47.8 | 22.8 | 24.9 | 6.37 | 125.3 | 41.39 |
1974 | 595 | 28 | 13 | 15 | 47.6 | 22.4 | 25.2 | 6.38 | 122.9 | 41.95 |
1975 | 613 | 29 | 14 | 15 | 47.4 | 22.1 | 25.3 | 6.41 | 120.4 | 42.44 |
1976 | 632 | 30 | 14 | 16 | 47.3 | 21.8 | 25.5 | 6.43 | 117.9 | 43.04 |
1977 | 652 | 31 | 14 | 17 | 47.1 | 21.6 | 25.5 | 6.43 | 115.5 | 43.44 |
1978 | 673 | 31 | 14 | 17 | 46.9 | 21.5 | 25.4 | 6.42 | 114.0 | 43.58 |
1979 | 695 | 32 | 14 | 18 | 46.8 | 20.9 | 25.9 | 6.41 | 110.9 | 44.56 |
1980 | 719 | 33 | 15 | 19 | 46.7 | 20.6 | 26.2 | 6.40 | 108.5 | 45.15 |
1981 | 743 | 35 | 16 | 19 | 46.7 | 21.0 | 25.8 | 6.40 | 106.1 | 44.48 |
1982 | 768 | 36 | 15 | 21 | 46.8 | 19.8 | 26.9 | 6.39 | 103.7 | 46.38 |
1983 | 796 | 37 | 15 | 22 | 46.6 | 19.5 | 27.1 | 6.38 | 101.2 | 46.92 |
1984 | 825 | 38 | 16 | 22 | 46.5 | 19.1 | 27.4 | 6.37 | 98.7 | 47.49 |
1985 | 856 | 40 | 16 | 24 | 46.4 | 18.6 | 27.8 | 6.34 | 96.1 | 48.19 |
1986 | 889 | 41 | 16 | 25 | 46.4 | 18.1 | 28.3 | 6.33 | 93.6 | 48.71 |
1987 | 924 | 42 | 16 | 26 | 46.2 | 17.6 | 28.7 | 6.29 | 91.1 | 49.41 |
1988 | 961 | 44 | 16 | 28 | 46.1 | 17.1 | 29.0 | 6.26 | 88.7 | 50.05 |
1989 | 1 000 | 46 | 17 | 29 | 45.8 | 16.6 | 29.2 | 6.24 | 86.3 | 50.64 |
1990 | 1 041 | 47 | 17 | 31 | 45.7 | 16.1 | 29.6 | 6.22 | 84.0 | 51.32 |
1991 | 1 084 | 49 | 17 | 32 | 45.6 | 15.5 | 30.1 | 6.17 | 81.8 | 52.13 |
1992 | 1 127 | 51 | 17 | 34 | 45.4 | 15.0 | 30.4 | 6.11 | 79.5 | 52.94 |
1993 | 1 168 | 53 | 17 | 36 | 45.1 | 14.4 | 30.7 | 6.04 | 77.3 | 53.75 |
1994 | 1 206 | 54 | 17 | 38 | 45.0 | 13.7 | 31.3 | 6.04 | 75.0 | 54.72 |
1995 | 1 242 | 56 | 16 | 39 | 44.7 | 13.2 | 31.5 | 6.01 | 72.8 | 55.46 |
1996 | 1 279 | 57 | 16 | 40 | 44.3 | 12.8 | 31.5 | 5.96 | 70.6 | 56.01 |
1997 | 1 317 | 58 | 17 | 42 | 44.1 | 12.6 | 31.5 | 5.92 | 68.7 | 56.06 |
1998 | 1 356 | 60 | 17 | 43 | 44.1 | 12.3 | 31.8 | 5.93 | 66.3 | 56.55 |
1999 | 1 396 | 61 | 17 | 44 | 43.6 | 12.0 | 31.6 | 5.87 | 64.5 | 56.82 |
2000 | 1 438 | 62 | 17 | 45 | 43.1 | 11.8 | 31.3 | 5.80 | 62.1 | 56.94 |
2001 | 1 479 | 64 | 17 | 46 | 42.9 | 11.7 | 31.2 | 5.75 | 60.1 | 57.04 |
2002 | 1 522 | 65 | 18 | 47 | 42.5 | 11.6 | 30.9 | 5.73 | 58.1 | 57.08 |
2003 | 1 566 | 66 | 18 | 49 | 42.3 | 11.2 | 31.0 | 5.70 | 56.1 | 57.59 |
2004 | 1 612 | 68 | 18 | 51 | 42.2 | 10.8 | 31.4 | 5.71 | 54.2 | 58.09 |
2005 | 1 660 | 70 | 18 | 53 | 42.1 | 10.6 | 31.6 | 5.72 | 52.4 | 58.39 |
2006 | 1 711 | 73 | 17 | 55 | 42.4 | 10.1 | 32.2 | 5.76 | 50.5 | 59.06 |
2007 | 1 765 | 74 | 17 | 57 | 42.1 | 9.9 | 32.2 | 5.73 | 48.7 | 59.39 |
2008 | 1 821 | 76 | 17 | 59 | 41.8 | 9.4 | 32.3 | 5.71 | 47.0 | 60.08 |
2009 | 1 878 | 78 | 17 | 61 | 41.5 | 9.2 | 32.3 | 5.69 | 45.4 | 60.43 |
2010 | 1 937 | 80 | 17 | 62 | 41.1 | 8.9 | 32.1 | 5.67 | 43.9 | 60.72 |
2011 | 1 998 | 81 | 17 | 64 | 40.7 | 8.5 | 32.2 | 5.64 | 42.3 | 61.53 |
2012 | 2 061 | 83 | 17 | 66 | 40.1 | 8.2 | 32.0 | 5.59 | 40.9 | 62.10 |
2013 | 2 125 | 84 | 17 | 67 | 39.4 | 8.1 | 31.3 | 5.51 | 39.5 | 62.11 |
2014 | 2 189 | 84 | 17 | 67 | 38.5 | 7.9 | 30.6 | 5.42 | 38.2 | 62.27 |
2015 | 2 253 | 85 | 17 | 67 | 37.6 | 7.7 | 29.8 | 5.31 | 36.9 | 62.49 |
2016 | 2 317 | 85 | 17 | 68 | 36.6 | 7.5 | 29.1 | 5.20 | 35.7 | 63.01 |
2017 | 2 381 | 85 | 18 | 68 | 35.7 | 7.4 | 28.3 | 5.09 | 34.5 | 63.00 |
2018 | 2 445 | 85 | 18 | 68 | 34.9 | 7.3 | 27.6 | 4.97 | 33.4 | 63.04 |
2019 | 2 509 | 86 | 18 | 69 | 34.3 | 7.0 | 27.3 | 4.87 | 32.4 | 63.76 |
2020 | 2 574 | 87 | 19 | 68 | 33.7 | 7.4 | 26.3 | 4.78 | 31.4 | 62.61 |
2021 | 2 640 | 88 | 20 | 68 | 33.3 | 7.5 | 25.7 | 4.68 | 30.5 | 62.08 |
Fertility Rate TFR (Wanted Fertility Rate) and CBR (Crude Birth Rate):
Year | CBR (Total) | TFR (Total) | CBR (Urban) | TFR (Urban) | CBR (Rural) | TFR (Rural) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2013 | 40.5 | 5.6 (4.7) | 37.7 | 4.7 (4.1) | 43.4 | 6.8 (5.6) |
2019-20 | 34.4 | 4.4 (4.0) | 32.5 | 3.9 (3.6) | 38.9 | 5.9 (5.3) |
Graphs are temporarily unavailable due to technical issues. |
Graphs are temporarily unavailable due to technical issues. |
Graphs are temporarily unavailable due to technical issues. |
Graphs are temporarily unavailable due to technical issues. |
Structure of the population (DHS 2013) (males 23,904, females 25,649, total 49,553) :
Age Group | Male (%) | Female (%) | Total (%) |
---|---|---|---|
0–4 | 18.5 | 16.4 | 17.4 |
5–9 | 16.6 | 15.3 | 15.9 |
10–14 | 12.8 | 12.5 | 12.6 |
15–19 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10.3 |
20–24 | 8.5 | 9.1 | 8.8 |
25–29 | 6.8 | 8.0 | 7.4 |
30–34 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 6.0 |
35–39 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.6 |
40–44 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 3.5 |
45–49 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 2.6 |
50–54 | 2.1 | 4.1 | 3.1 |
55–59 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.7 |
60–64 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 2.1 |
65–69 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.3 |
70–74 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 |
75–79 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
80+ | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.9 |
Age group | Male (%) | Female (%) | Total (%) |
---|---|---|---|
0–14 | 47.9 | 44.2 | 45.9 |
15–64 | 48.1 | 52.2 | 50.3 |
65+ | 4.0 | 3.6 | 3.8 |
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (30.XII.2015) (Source: Integrated Household Survey (IHS) 2015/2016.): [10]
Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 915 357 | 1 007 593 | 1 922 950 | 100 |
0–4 | 155 654 | 155 502 | 311 156 | 16.18 |
5–9 | 150 122 | 147 966 | 298 089 | 15.50 |
10–14 | 115 261 | 113 727 | 228 988 | 11.91 |
15–19 | 87 274 | 111 093 | 198 367 | 10.32 |
20–24 | 76 050 | 104 429 | 180 479 | 9.39 |
25–29 | 62 431 | 89 237 | 151 669 | 7.89 |
30–34 | 57 532 | 70 222 | 127 754 | 6.64 |
35–39 | 49 913 | 59 248 | 109 161 | 5.68 |
40–44 | 39 032 | 42 666 | 81 698 | 4.25 |
45–49 | 32 235 | 29 522 | 61 757 | 3.21 |
50–54 | 27 286 | 25 441 | 52 727 | 2.74 |
55–59 | 18 075 | 17 685 | 35 759 | 1.86 |
60–64 | 16 034 | 14 121 | 30 155 | 1.57 |
65+ | 28 457 | 26 734 | 55 191 | 2.87 |
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
0–14 | 421 037 | 417 195 | 838 232 | 43.59 |
15–64 | 465 863 | 563 664 | 1 029 527 | 53.54 |
65+ | 28 457 | 26 734 | 55 191 | 2.87 |
Fertility data as of 2019-20 (DHS Program): [11]
Local Government Area | Total fertility rate | Percentage of women age 15–49 currently pregnant | Mean number of children ever born to women age 40–49 |
---|---|---|---|
Banjul | 3.1 | 5.3 | 4.2 |
Kanifing | 3.3 | 5.7 | 4.5 |
Brikama | 4.1 | 6.9 | 5.7 |
Mansakonko | 5.4 | 9.7 | 7.1 |
Kerewan | 5.4 | 8.2 | 6.9 |
Kuntaur | 6.4 | 11.9 | 7.2 |
Janjanbureh | 5.7 | 8.7 | 7.0 |
Basse | 5.7 | 9.6 | 6.5 |
Period | Life expectancy in Years [12] |
---|---|
1950–1955 | 30.24 |
1955–1960 | 31.52 |
1960–1965 | 32.79 |
1965–1970 | 35.78 |
1970–1975 | 40.04 |
1975–1980 | 44.21 |
1980–1985 | 48.20 |
1985–1990 | 51.33 |
1990–1995 | 52.85 |
1995–2000 | 54.91 |
2000–2005 | 56.92 |
2005–2010 | 58.83 |
2010–2015 | 60.31 |
Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2022. [13]
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook. [14]
definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)
note: on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; The Gambia is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine
Burkina Faso's 22.1 million people belong to two major West African cultural groups: the Gur (Voltaic) and the Mandé. The Voltaic are far more numerous and include the Mossi, who make up about one-half of the population. The Mossi claim descent from warriors who migrated to present-day Burkina Faso and established an empire that lasted more than 800 years. Predominantly farmers, the Mossi are still bound by the traditions of the Mogho Naba, who hold court in Ouagadougou.
The people of Chad speak more than 100 different languages and divide themselves into many ethnic groups. However, language and ethnicity are not the same. Moreover, neither element can be tied to a particular physical type.
This article is about the demographic features of the population of the Central African Republic, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Demographic features of Djibouti include population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.
The demographics of Ethiopia encompass the demographic features of inhabitants in Ethiopia, including ethnicity, languages, population density, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Demographics of Guinea describes the condition and overview of Guinea's peoples. Demographic topics include basic education, health, and population statistics as well as identified racial and religious affiliations.
This is a demography of the population of Guinea-Bissau including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
This article is about the demographic features of the population of Lesotho, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
As of 2006, Liberia has the highest population growth rate in the world. 43.5% of Liberians were below the age of 15 in 2010. With recent civil wars being fought along ethnic lines, Liberia is a multiethnic and multicultural country.
This article is about the demographic features of the population of Malawi, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Demographic features of the population of Mauritania include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.
The demographics of Mozambique describes the condition and overview of Mozambique's peoples. Demographic topics include basic education, health, and population statistics as well as identified racial and religious affiliations.
This article is about the demographic features of Nigeriens, the people of Niger, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the sixth in the world. It is also one of the most densely populated countries in Africa, with approximately 218.5 million people in an area of 923,768 km2 (356,669 sq mi).
This article is about the demographic features of the population of the Republic of the Congo, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
This article is about the demographic features of the population of Senegal, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
The demographics of Sierra Leone are made up of an indigenous population from 18 ethnic groups. The Temne in the north and the Mende in the south are the largest. About 60,000 are Krio, the descendants of freed slaves who returned to Sierra Leone from Great Britain, North America and slave ships captured on the high seas. In addition, about 5,000 Lebanese, 1,000 Indians, and 5,000 Europeans reside in the country.
This article is about the demographic features of the population of Madagascar, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Demographic features of the population of Uganda include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and others.
The demographics of Somalis encompass the demographic features of Somalia's inhabitants, including ethnicity, language, population density, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. Somalia is believed to be one of the most homogeneous countries in sub-Saharan Africa.