Dunedin Railways

Last updated

Dunedin Railways
Dunedin Railways logo.png
Taieri Gorge train.jpg
Train travelling through the Taieri Gorge
Overview
Headquarters Dunedin, New Zealand
LocaleEastern Otago, New Zealand
Dates of operation1991 (1991)–
Predecessor New Zealand Railways Corporation
Technical
Track gauge 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)
Other
Website www.dunedinrailways.co.nz

Dunedin Railways (formerly the Taieri Gorge Railway) is the trading name of Dunedin Railways Limited, an operator of a railway line and tourist trains based at Dunedin Railway Station in the South Island of New Zealand. The company is a council-controlled trading organisation wholly owned by Dunedin City Council through its holding company Dunedin City Holdings Limited. [1]

Contents

History

Formation

Taieri Gorge Limited logo, formerly used as the logo for Taieri Gorge Railway Ltd. TGR Logo.PNG
Taieri Gorge Limited logo, formerly used as the logo for Taieri Gorge Railway Ltd.

The Otago Excursion Train Trust was formed in 1978 to operate excursions on the Otago Central Railway line, running its first train in October 1979. [2] The services grew in popularity and the Trust realised by the 1980s that it had great tourist potential. [2] New carriages were acquired with the "Taieri Gorge Limited" launching in February 1987. [2]

On 19 December 1989, the New Zealand Railways Corporation announced the closure of the Otago Central railway line beyond Taieri owing to a lack of freight traffic following the completion of the Clyde Dam. [3] Dunedin City Council then stepped in, purchasing the line as far as Middlemarch and five locomotives, [3] which were then leased by the Trust to run its trains. The Trust continued to operate the Taieri Gorge Limited, now with its own locomotives (DJ class locomotives withdrawn by NZR in the same year), but needed a further NZ$1 million to fund its operations. A community appeal in 1990 raised NZ$1.2 million. [2] The line beyond Middlemarch was lifted during 1991, and the trackbed handed over to the Department of Conservation in 1993. It is now the Otago Central Rail Trail, a major cycling tourist attraction in the area.

Local Authority Trading Enterprise

On 8 March 1995, the Dunedin City Council (through its holding company Dunedin City Holdings Limited) and the Trust incorporated a new company, Taieri Gorge Railway Limited. [4] Dunedin City Holdings was a majority of shares (72.03%) and the Trust held the balance of the shares (27.97%). The company operated as a Council-controlled organisation (formerly known as a Local-authority trading enterprise) under Part 5 of the Local Government Act 2002. This was due to the need to raise more capital to finance the expansion of the Trusts operation. Dunedin City Council then sold the railway line to the new company, and the Trust sold its locomotives, carriages and other assets to the new company. [2] [4] The company is governed according to its constitution by a board of directors comprising six people. Two of these people were selected by Dunedin City Holdings Limited, two by the Otago Excursion Train Trust and two jointly by both shareholding parties. On 1 December 2017, the company legally changed its name to Dunedin Railways Limited. [5]

Taieri Gorge Limited

The Taieri Gorge Limited is New Zealand's longest tourist railway and stretches along the former Otago Central Railway from the 4 km peg on the Taieri Branch, 18 km west of Dunedin, to Middlemarch, a distance of 60 kilometres (37 mi). Between Dunedin and the start of the line, its trains operate on KiwiRail's Main South Line via a running rights agreement.

The line travels along the banks of the Taieri River, through numerous tunnels and along the Taieri Gorge to the Strath Taieri. It crosses a dozen viaducts and passes through ten tunnels. [6]

At Wingatui railway station, the original building and signal box from 1914 have been restored. [7] After the line passes through the 437 metres (1,434 ft) long Salisbury Tunnel, the longest on the line, it crosses Mullocky Gully over the 197 metres (646 ft) long Wingatui Viaduct, the largest wrought iron structure in New Zealand since it was built in 1887. [8] The 47 m tall viaduct's riveted truss structure rests on seven concrete and masonry piers.

Shortly after the Wingatui Viaduct, the route emerges from Mullocky Gully to join Taieri Gorge, and from then on follows that gorge above Taieri River to just east of Pukerangi. On the way the line passes former stations Parera, Mount Allen, Little Mount Allen, and Christmas Creek, crossing two curved viaducts at the latter two locations. Hindon, still operating as a crossing station, is typically one of the stopping points on the trip. Just before the station, the railway tracks share a combined road-rail bridge with Hindon Road.

Another stopping point for photo opportunities is the Deep Stream viaduct. Here the line slowly starts to climb higher and out of the gorge, passing over the Flat Stream viaduct, and "The Notches", a section of short bridges and cuttings through several rocky outcrops, on its way to Pukerangi. Between Pukerangi and Middlemarch, the railway only once more comes close to the Taieri River, where it crosses Sutton Creek over another combined road-rail bridge.

Dunedin Railways currently operates on a reduced schedule. [9] The Inlander runs through the Taieri Gorge to Hindon, [10] The Seasider runs up the coast through Waitati to Seacliff, [11] and The Victorian is an all-day trip to the North Otago town of Oamaru. [12] Special services also run, including the Christmas Inlander in December [13] and the addition of Quiz Trains in 2023.

DJ class locomotive in service with Dunedin Railways at Pukerangi. DJ3107 at Pukerangi Station on Taieri Gorge Railway.jpg
DJ class locomotive in service with Dunedin Railways at Pukerangi.
DE class locomotive on the railway. DE Class on Taieri Gorge Railway.jpg
DE class locomotive on the railway.

Seasider and Dunedin Silver Fern

Dunedin Railways also operates the Seasider tourist train along the coast to Waitati, north of Dunedin. Following the withdrawal of the Southerner by Tranz Scenic in 2002, it is the only passenger train on the Main South Line.

In 2012, Dunedin Railways leased one of the Silver Fern class railcars from KiwiRail for use on the same route as the Seasider.

Rebranded Dunedin Railways

On 23 October 2014, the Taieri Gorge Railway announced that it would be changing its name to Dunedin Railways. For 35 years, the Taieri Gorge Railway and the Otago Excursion Train Trust had taken tourists on scenic rail excursions up the Taieri Gorge to Middlemarch and more recently up the coast, north of Dunedin on the Seasider. The reason for the change was so that tourists can link the train trips to Dunedin and it makes it much clearer what the railway is. [14] AO 77 was the first carriage to be repainted into their new blue livery with their name on the sides in October 2014. This was followed by A 3022 and AG 239. In September 2015, AL 1695 was repainted into their yellow version of livery.

Mothballing

On 20 April 2020, the company announced that due to the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand, it mothballed its track and equipment. [15] The company said up to 80% of its revenue came from international tourists. The mothballing could affect up to 51 jobs. [15] [16]

Reactivation and restructure

Following the decision to mothball Dunedin Railways, the Otago Excursion Train Trust sold its shares in the company to the council in April 2020. [17] [18]

In May 2021, Dunedin City Council agreed to keep the Taieri Gorge line as far as Hindon in operation, as well as services on KiwiRail's railway lines. [19] In November 2021, the council agreed to extend support through to 2024. [20] In 2023, the council decided to reactivate the Hindon-Middlemarch section as well. [21]

Financial performance

In the financial year to June 2017, Dunedin Railways had revenues of NZ$6.578m and expenses of NZ$6.387m, and turned a profit of NZ$137,000. [22] Following the COVID-19 pandemic of 2021, Dunedin Railways was losing NZ$1.5 million per annum. [19]

Locomotives and railcars

The railway owns seven former New Zealand Railways DJ class locomotives, four of which are currently operational and certified for mainline operation. They are painted in a variant of the modified New Zealand Railways scheme carried by the class in the 1980s, where the low nose sides are painted blue instead of yellow and grey cab front. Two locomotives are in an operational condition, but are not currently certified for mainline use; a seventh, DJ3021 (ex-DJ 1202), is being stored, pending future restoration after it was purchased from its former home at Ranfurly station where it was a static display. An eighth, DJ3044 (DJ 1204) was acquired from Mainline Steam in 2012 as a source of spare parts and has been dismantled. Both were painted in the modified blue scheme and were purchased in a withdrawn condition.

TGR also operates one DE class locomotive, DE 504 (TMS DE1337). [23] This locomotive was acquired from Otago Polytechnic (who had acquired it from New Zealand Railways Corporation) in the early 1990s and is not mainline certified, instead of being based at the TGR works depot at the 4 km peg. It previously carried a modified International Orange scheme but was repainted in 2006 to its original livery of Carnation Red with the addition of "wasp stripes" on the headstocks as it would have carried in the 1970s.

In 2013, Dunedin Railways leased Silver Fern railcar RM24 from KiwiRail and operated this on trips between Dunedin and Waitati. The railcar was returned to KiwiRail in 2019.

Dunedin Railways formerly operated a shunting locomotive, TR 111 at their Dunedin depot as their resident shunting locomotive. This locomotive was obtained by the Otago Excursion Train Trust in 2009 from enthusiast Reid McNaught, who had leased the locomotive to Dunedin Railways since 2006. It was sold to the Canterbury Railway Society in July 2015.

Carriages

47' 6" wooden body carriages

47" 6' foot carriage at Hindon. Taieri Gorge Railway carriage at Hindon.jpg
47" 6' foot carriage at Hindon.

All trains as of January 2017 include some of Dunedin Railways five former New Zealand Railways 47" 6' foot wooden-clad carriages. These cars are known as "Scarrett'" heritage carriages and were built between 1912 and 1923 with open platform ends, gangways and 37 seats. Dunedin Railways has started retiring these carriages largely to provide bogies for their 56-foot carriage stock, which did not have their own bogies when they were purchased. Two of the 47-foot cars have been sold, while two were scrapped circa 1978. One carriage, A 1254, is owned by the Ocean Beach Railway (OBR) and is leased to Dunedin Railways. This carriage will be returned to the OBR at the conclusion of its lease.

50-foot carriages

Dunedin Railways has currently three steel-clad and one wood-clad NZR 50-foot carriages, formerly used on Dunedin suburban trains and express passenger trains. The steel-clads have 30-37 seats, enclosed vestibules and covered gangways and were built by New Zealand Railways Department in 1931–40. [23] One of these is an AL class car-van with a small luggage compartment at one end while the other two are A class carriages. Steel-clad cars, A class 50159 and 50223 were sold to the Weka Pass Railway in 2008 and AL 50090 was sold to the Midland Rail Heritage Trust in 2013. The wood-clad carriages are A 1327, built in 1913, with open vestibules and non-covered gangways.

Jungle Gym panorama carriages

Dunedin Railways has three all-steel air-conditioned panorama carriages with open platform ends and open gangways, known locally as "Jungle Gyms" due to the nature of their framework when under construction. These were designed and built by the OETT in 1987–92, with a "very distinctive shape to fit the tunnels". [23] Two of these carriages were built on Z class "roadsider" freight van underframes while the third was built on the underframe of guard's van F 529.

In-house built panorama car at Dunedin Railway Station. TGR servery.JPG
In-house built panorama car at Dunedin Railway Station.

56-foot carriages

In September 2007, the Taieri Gorge Railway announced that it had purchased 12 NZR 56-foot carriages formerly used on the Wairarapa Connection. The first of these, A 2325, was prepared at a cost of $45,000 and was ready in September 2008. The company anticipated having three carriages in service by the end of 2008, and all 12 by 2013. [24] The upgrade included new seating, carpets, toilets and external paint. The railway intends to refurbish three carriages each year. [25] As of December 2015, only five out of the twelve carriages have been restored. Two of these carriages have since been disposed of.

In 2012, panoramic window car AO 77 was leased from KiwiRail. It has since been repainted in Dunedin Railways' blue livery and is now under their ownership. Privately owned A 3022 is leased from its owners since 2013. In 2018, Dunedin Railways purchased six big-window AO/ASO class carriages from KiwiRail. Two of these have since been converted to all-steel framing and reclassified as ADR.

Former NZR 56-foot carriage at Dunedin Railway Station. TGR 56er.JPG
Former NZR 56-foot carriage at Dunedin Railway Station.
Dunedin Railways branded AO class carriage at Dunedin Railway Station. Dunedin Railways AO class carriage 2016.jpg
Dunedin Railways branded AO class carriage at Dunedin Railway Station.
Dunedin Railways AG class observation van at Dunedin Railway Station, 20 May 2016. Dunedin Railways FM class observation van.jpg
Dunedin Railways AG class observation van at Dunedin Railway Station, 20 May 2016.

Freight haulage

In the early 2000s, the TGR investigated the possibility of introducing log haulage between Mount Allan and Port Chalmers at the end of the Port Chalmers Branch. However, on 12 June 2007, it was announced that a cost difference of NZ$5 million existed between road and rail haulage in favour of road, and potential government subsidies were insufficient to close the gap. The announcement was met with disappointment by the Dunedin City Council, which favourably viewed the rail option as it was more environmentally friendly and would have reduced traffic congestion. [26]

It has since been worked out that with extra damage caused by the logging trucks on the Mosgiel to Port Chalmers road that it would have been cheaper to perform the operation by rail, but despite pleas by the local council, Wenita, the relevant company, said it had invested too much in the road option to change its plans. [27]

The route's loading gauge restricts the maximum size of rolling stock that can operate on the railway; some freight wagons cannot use the line. [23]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Middlemarch, New Zealand</span> Human settlement in Dunedin City, Otago Region, New Zealand

Middlemarch is a small town in the Otago region of New Zealand's South Island. It lies at the foot of the Rock and Pillar Range of hills in the broad Strath-Taieri valley, through which flows the middle reaches of the Taieri River. Since local government reorganisation in the late 1980s, Middlemarch and much of the Strath-Taieri has been administered as part of Dunedin city, the centre of which lies some 80 km to the southeast. Middlemarch is part of the Taieri electorate, and is currently represented in parliament by Ingrid Leary. Middlemarch has reticulated sewerage but no reticulated water supply. A description of 1903, that "[T]he summer seasons are warm, but not enervating, and the winters cold, but dry" is still true today.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Railway preservation in New Zealand</span>

Railway preservation in New Zealand is the preservation of historically significant facets of New Zealand's rail transport history. The earliest recorded preservation attempt took place in 1925, although the movement itself did not start properly until 1960. New Zealand appears to have a higher proportion of organized railway enthusiasts per 1,000 of population than any other part of the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rail transport in New Zealand</span> Overview of rail transport in New Zealand

Rail transport in New Zealand is an integral part of New Zealand's transport network, with a nationwide network of 4,375.5 km (2,718.8 mi) of track linking most major cities in the North and South Islands, connected by inter-island rail and road ferries. Rail transport in New Zealand has a particular focus on bulk freight exports and imports, with 19 million net tonnes moved by rail annually, and 99.5% of New Zealand's exports and imports being transported through the country's seaports.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Strath Taieri</span>

Strath Taieri is a large glacial valley and river plateau in New Zealand's South Island. It is surrounded by the rugged hill ranges to the north and west of Otago Harbour. Since 1989 it has been part of the city of Dunedin. The small town of Middlemarch is located at its southern end.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Otago Central Rail Trail</span>

The Otago Central Rail Trail is a 150-kilometre walking, cycling and horse riding track in the South Island of New Zealand. A pioneering project for New Zealand, the successful rail trail joined the New Zealand Cycle Trail umbrella organisation in 2012, having been one of the inspirations for it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wedderburn, New Zealand</span> Locality in New Zealand

Wedderburn is a community in Central Otago, New Zealand. It is located 15 kilometres northwest of Ranfurly, and was at one time close to the centre of a thriving gold and coal mining area. The name of Wedderburn was given to the area by John Turnbull Thomson, and is one of the names in his infamous "Thomson's Barnyard", wedder being Northumbrian dialect form of the word wether, meaning a castrated sheep.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Port Chalmers Branch</span>

The Port Chalmers Branch was the first railway line built in Otago, New Zealand, and linked the region's major city of Dunedin with the port in Port Chalmers. The line is still operational today.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ocean Beach Railway</span>

The Ocean Beach Railway (OBR) is a heritage railway that operates in Dunedin, New Zealand. It is located between John Wilson Drive in the suburb of Saint Kilda and sports grounds near Forbury Park Raceway, and runs parallel with the city's main beach, Ocean Beach. This is near where the Ocean Beach Branch once ran, but not on the same formation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New Zealand DJ class locomotive</span>

The New Zealand DJ class locomotive is a type of diesel-electric locomotive in service on the New Zealand rail network. The class were built by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and introduced from 1968 to 1969 for the New Zealand Railways Department (NZR) with a modernisation loan from the World Bank to replace steam locomotives in the South Island, where all of the class members worked most of their lives. Nine of the locomotives remain in use, mainly with Dunedin Railways.

The Southerner was a passenger express train in New Zealand's South Island between Christchurch and Invercargill along the South Island Main Trunk, that ran from 1970 to 2002. It was one of the premier passenger trains in New Zealand and its existence made Invercargill the southernmost passenger station in the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Otago Central Railway</span> Branch railway line in Otago, New Zealand

The Otago Central Railway (OCR) or in later years Otago Central Branch Railway, now often referred to as the Taieri Gorge Railway, was a secondary railway line in Central Otago, in the South Island of New Zealand.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hyde, New Zealand</span> Town in Otago, New Zealand

Hyde is a locality in Otago, New Zealand, located in the Strath-Taieri. It is close to the northern end of the Rock and Pillar Range on State Highway 87 between Middlemarch and Ranfurly. Hyde is best known as the site of the Hyde railway disaster of 4 June 1943, in which 21 people were killed when an express train on the Otago Central Railway derailed at high speed in a cutting near the town. At the time, it was the worst railway accident in New Zealand's history; it has only been passed by the Tangiwai disaster of 24 December 1953, which claimed the lives of 151 people. The site of the Hyde disaster can now be walked as part of the Otago Central Rail Trail and a monument, a 2.5 m high cairn, stands as a memorial to the victims.

Project Steam is a railway preservation society based in Dunedin, New Zealand. It is dedicated to the restoration of steam locomotives formerly operated by the New Zealand Railways Department, with its goal to restore at least one locomotive to main line operating conditions in order to operate excursions from Dunedin Railway Station. The society is currently the only one of its kind in Dunedin; the Ocean Beach Railway operates small tank locomotives but on private trackage, and the popular Taieri Gorge Limited is run solely by diesel locomotives.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NZR 56-foot carriage</span> Passenger rolling stock in New Zealand

The NZR 56-foot carriage is a class of 56 ft (17 m) long railway passenger carriage formerly used on almost all long-distance passenger rail transport in New Zealand. 88 carriages have been preserved.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wingatui</span> Settlement in New Zealand

Wingatui is a small settlement almost 15 kilometres west of Dunedin, and two kilometres east of Mosgiel. It has become a suburb of Mosgiel, but continues to maintain its own unique identity and heritage.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hindon, New Zealand</span>

Hindon is a small settlement in inland Otago, in the South Island of New Zealand. It is located 24 kilometres (15 mi) northwest of Dunedin in the Silverpeaks Range, close to the edge of the Strath Taieri. The Taieri Gorge Railway runs through Hindon on its way between Dunedin and Middlemarch.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Great Journeys New Zealand</span> Tourism division of KiwiRail

Great Journeys New Zealand is the tourism division of KiwiRail that operate its three Scenic train services. The new division was launched in May 2017 and replaced the former tourism brand KiwiRail Scenic Journeys. It has continuity with the earlier InterCity Rail (1987–1995) and Tranz Scenic (1995–2011).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wingatui railway station</span> Defunct railway station in New Zealand

The Wingatui railway station, sometimes known as the Wingatui Junction railway station, is a former station between Dunedin and Mosgiel in Otago, New Zealand. On the Main South Line, it is the junction for the Otago Central Railway

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Deep Stream</span> River in New Zealand

Deep Stream is a tributary of the Taieri River in Otago, New Zealand. The stream runs generally eastwards for some 70 kilometres from its source on the slopes of Lammerlaw in the Lammerlaw Range, reaching the Taieri River near Hindon in the Taieri Gorge.

References

Citations

  1. ↑ "Policies" (PDF). Dunedin City Council Community Plan 2009/10 – 2018/19. Vol. 2, section 4. Dunedin City Council. 2009. p. 291. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 May 2010. Retrieved 24 March 2010.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "Our Story". Dunedin Railways. Archived from the original on 24 September 2014. Retrieved 3 December 2014.
  3. 1 2 "Otago Central Railway Closure". New Zealand Railway Observer. New Zealand Railway and Locomotive Society. 46 (4): 165. Summer 1989–90. ISSN   0028-8624.
  4. 1 2 "Companies Office - Taieri Gorge Railway Limited" . Retrieved 6 November 2014.
  5. ↑ "Dunedin Railways Limited". Companies Office. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
  6. ↑ Taieri Gorge Railway - 2006-2007 Times & Destinations - Leaflet by Taieri Gorge Railway Limited, March 2006
  7. ↑ "Wingatui Station". Rail Heritage Trust of New Zealand. Archived from the original on 7 April 2014. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
  8. ↑ "Along the way - Taieri Gorge Railway". Taieri Gorge Limited. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
  9. ↑ Railways, Dunedin. "Dunedin Railways". Dunedin Railways. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  10. ↑ Railways, Dunedin. "The Inlander". Dunedin Railways. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  11. ↑ Railways, Dunedin. "The Seasider". Dunedin Railways. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  12. ↑ Railways, Dunedin. "The Victorian". Dunedin Railways. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  13. ↑ Railways, Dunedin. "The Christmas Inlander". Dunedin Railways. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  14. ↑ "New Look for Railway Operation". Otago Daily Times . 23 October 2014. Archived from the original on 4 December 2014. Retrieved 2 December 2014.
  15. 1 2 Dunedin Railways (20 April 2020). "Statement on the future of Dunedin Railways". Scoop.co.nz. Archived from the original on 24 April 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  16. ↑ "Taieri Gorge track to be mothballed, 51 jobs likely to go". Otago Daily Times . 20 April 2020. Archived from the original on 20 April 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  17. ↑ "Otago Excursion Train Trust". Archived from the original on 7 September 2021. Retrieved 8 September 2021. ...was the founder of the Taieri Gorge Railway and was the joint owner of the company with the Dunedin City Council until April 2020, when the company was put into "mothballs" by the DCC.
  18. ↑ Grant Miller (10 April 2021). "What lies ahead for Dunedin Railways". Otago Daily Times. Archived from the original on 7 September 2021. Retrieved 8 September 2021.
  19. 1 2 "Taieri Gorge line to stay open as far as Hindon". Otago Daily Times. 1 June 2021. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 3 June 2021.
  20. ↑ "Gorge line stays: Councillors keep faith with Dunedin Railways". Otago Daily Times. 22 November 2021. Archived from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 24 November 2021.
  21. ↑ "Council looks to retain Taieri Gorge route". Otago Daily Times. 4 February 2023. Archived from the original on 4 February 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2023.
  22. ↑ "Dunedin Railways Interim Report to 31 December 2017" (PDF). Dunedin City Council. 31 December 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 December 2021. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
  23. 1 2 3 4 'technical information' Archived 16 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine on TGR website, retrieved 2009-05-10
  24. ↑ Stevens, Sam (13 September 2008). "New Taieri Gorge carriage on display". Otago Daily Times . Archived from the original on 14 September 2008. Retrieved 14 September 2008.
  25. ↑ New Zealand Railway Observer, December 2008-January 2009
  26. ↑ Simon Hartley, "Costs Rule Out Rail in the Long Run" Archived 28 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine , Otago Daily Times, 12 June 2007.
  27. ↑ "Promoting sustainability in New Zealand's rail system" (PDF). NZ Transport Agency. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 January 2019. Retrieved 12 May 2020.

Bibliography

  • Bowden, David. Great Railway Journeys in Australia and New Zealand. Oxford, England: John Beaufoy Publishing. pp. 152–155. ISBN   978-1-909612-94-5.
  • Cunningham, Gerald (2011). The Taieri Gorge Railway: Guide to the Taieri Gorge and Seasider Rail Trips. Albany, Auckland: David Bateman Ltd. ISBN   978-1-86953-815-6.
  • Dangerfield, J. A.; Emerson, G. W. (2010). Over The Garden Wall: The Story of the Otago Central Railway (4th ed.). Dunedin: The Otago Railway & Locomotive Society Incorporated. ISBN   978-0-473-17363-0. (soft-bound); 978-0-473-17362-3 (hard-bound).
  • Hurst, Tony (2008). The Otago Central Railway: A tribute (5th expanded ed.). Wellington: Transpress. ISBN   978-1-877418-05-1.

45°52′31″S170°30′32″E / 45.87528°S 170.50889°E / -45.87528; 170.50889

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.