EROS B

Last updated

EROS-B
EROS-B Satellite.png
EROS-B satellite in deployed configuration
NamesEarth Resources Observation Systems-B
Mission type Earth observation
Operator ImageSat International
COSPAR ID 2006-014A OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
SATCAT no. 29079
Website https://www.imagesatintl.com/
Mission duration10 years (planned)
18 years and 6 days (in progress)
Spacecraft properties
SpacecraftEROS-B
Spacecraft typeEROS-A
Bus OPSAT-2000
Manufacturer Israel Aerospace Industries
Launch mass350 kg (770 lb)
Dimensions2.3 m in height
1.2 m in diameter
Span: 4 m on orbit
Power800 watts
Start of mission
Launch date25 April 2006, 16:47:16 UTC [1]
Rocket Start-1
Launch site Svobodny Cosmodrome,
Launch Complex-5
Contractor Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology
Orbital parameters
Reference system Geocentric orbit [2]
Regime Sun-synchronous orbit
Perigee altitude 506 km (314 mi)
Apogee altitude 524 km (326 mi)
Inclination 97.45°
Period 94.79 minutes
←  EROS-A
EROS-NG  →
 

The Earth Remote Observation System-B (EROS-B) is the second satellite launched in a series of the EROS family of Israeli commercial Earth observation satellites, designed and manufactured by Israel Aircraft Industries (IAI). [3] It is owned and operated by ImageSat International N.V. (ISI), in the Netherlands Antilles, Cayman Islands, with offices in Limassol, Cyprus, and in Tel Aviv, Israel. [4]

Contents

ImageSat International announced that it had begun construction of "EROS B", a day before the launch of "EROS A". According to the plan, the launch of the "EROS B" was to take place in 2001, after which another 6 satellites in the series were planned. In July 2000, the company announced the completion of a capital raising of more than $90 million. A year later, it signed a $70 million credit agreement with Bank Leumi to finance the further development of the satellite series, and announced that the launch of the second satellite had been postponed to 2003. [5] On July 28, 2001, IAI officially signed an agreement with ImageSat International to build the $110 million EROS B satellite. However the project was delayed due to difficulties in signing enough commercial customers to meet the financial costs. [6]

Satellite description

The satellite is 2.3 m in height and 1.2 m in diameter. It weighed 350 kg at launch. The design of the satellite is based on the military reconnaissance satellite Ofeq-3, which was previously built, also by Israel Aerospace Industries for Israeli government use. ImageSat International estimates the satellite will work 14 years. [2]

Control systems

The satellite is equipped with a 3-axis stabilized and a four reaction wheels actuator. The satellite is also equipped with a star tracker, horizon sensor, Sun sensor, gyroscope and magnetometer for altitude determination. [7]

Ground communication systems

The satellite is equipped with an imagery link four times faster than the EROS-A at 280  Mbit/s, a 15 kbit/s maintenance downlink, and a 15 kbit/s command uplink. [8]

Launch

The EROS-B was launched on 25 April 2006, at 16:47:16 UTC [1] from Svobodny Cosmodrome, Launch Complex-5 in eastern Siberia. [9]

3 days after the launch, ImageSat International announced that the satellite had begun sending images from space. [10]

Mission

The satellite offers an optical resolution of 70 cm (28 in), and as of launch date plans were to use it to monitor the developing of the nuclear program of Iran for potential threats to Israeli security. The satellite is equipped with a charge-coupled device (CDD) push broom scanner array, which provides 10,000 pixels per line and a total of 96 lines for selectable Time-Delay Integration (TDI) observation support. The satellite can be operated in both asynchronous and synchronous imaging mode. It has a Ground sample distance (GSD) of 0.70 m panchromatic imagery. Unlike the EROS A whose primary purpose is to support agricultural engineers, the EROS-B is more specifically designed for illegal construction supervision, general infrastructure monitoring, and emergency monitoring such as oil and gas exploration. EROS-B is the first commercial satellite to offer high spatial resolution images of night-time lights from space. [11]

On 27 June 2016, the safety was the topmost concern for the 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games, Rio 2016, ensuring that the people from every nation will be kept safe was a daunting task. To assist with this matter the Israeli satellite, EROS-B captured high-resolution images of up to 50 cm in an area of 450 km, thus enabling the identification of objects, people, cars, and goods. The announcement was made by Brazilian Defense Minister Raul Jungmann. [12]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Earth observation satellite</span> Satellite specifically designed to observe Earth from orbit

An Earth observation satellite or Earth remote sensing satellite is a satellite used or designed for Earth observation (EO) from orbit, including spy satellites and similar ones intended for non-military uses such as environmental monitoring, meteorology, cartography and others. The most common type are Earth imaging satellites, that take satellite images, analogous to aerial photographs; some EO satellites may perform remote sensing without forming pictures, such as in GNSS radio occultation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Israel Aerospace Industries</span> Aerospace and defense manufacturer

Israel Aerospace Industries, is Israel's major aerospace and aviation manufacturer, producing aerial and astronautic systems for both military and civilian usage. It has 14,000 employees as of 2021. IAI is state-owned by the government of Israel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Satellite imagery</span> Images taken from an artificial satellite

Satellite images are images of Earth collected by imaging satellites operated by governments and businesses around the world. Satellite imaging companies sell images by licensing them to governments and businesses such as Apple Maps and Google Maps.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">EROS (satellite)</span> Israeli commercial Earth observation satellite series

Earth Resources Observation Satellite (EROS) is a series of Israeli commercial Earth observation satellites, designed and manufactured by Israel Aircraft Industries (IAI), with optical payload supplied by El-Op. The satellites are owned and operated by ImageSat International N.V. (ISI), a company founded in 1997, as a Joint venture between IAI, El-Op and Core Software Technology (CST). EROS A was launched on December 5, 2000 and EROS B on April 25, 2006.

The Disaster Monitoring Constellation for International Imaging (DMCii) or just Disaster Monitoring Constellation (DMC) consists of a number of remote sensing satellites constructed by Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd (SSTL) and operated for the Algerian, Nigerian, Turkish, British and Chinese governments by DMC International Imaging. The DMC provides emergency Earth imaging for disaster relief under the International Charter for Space and Major Disasters, which the DMC formally joined in November 2005. Other DMC Earth imagery is used for a variety of civil applications by a variety of governments. Spare available imaging capacity is sold under contract.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Israel Space Agency</span> Government space agency of Israel

The Israel Space Agency is a governmental body, a part of Israel's Ministry of Science and Technology, that coordinates all Israeli space research programs with scientific and commercial goals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Copernicus Programme</span> Programme of the European Commission

Copernicus is the Earth observation component of the European Union Space Programme, managed by the European Commission and implemented in partnership with the EU Member States, the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Environment Agency (EEA), the European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA), Frontex, SatCen and Mercator Océan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">RazakSAT</span> Malaysian satellite

RazakSAT is a Malaysian Earth observation satellite carrying a high-resolution camera. It was launched into low Earth orbit on 14 July 2009. It was placed in a near-equatorial orbit that presents many imaging opportunities for the equatorial region. It weighs over three times as much as TiungSAT-1 and carries a high-resolution Earth observation camera. Developed in conjunction with the Satrec Initiative, the satellite's low inclination brought it over Malaysia a dozen or more times per day. This was intended to provide greatly increased coverage of Malaysia compared to most other Earth observation satellites. An audit report released in October 2011 revealed that the satellite had failed after one year of operation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ofeq-7</span> Israeli reconnaissance satellite

Ofeq-7 is part of the Ofeq family of Earth observation satellites designed and built by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) for the Israel Ministry of Defense.

The Earth Remote Observation System-A was part of the EROS family of Israeli commercial Earth observation satellites, designed and manufactured by Israel Aircraft Industries (IAI). This was the first satellite in the series. The satellite was owned and operated by ImageSat International, ImageSat International N.V. (ISI) headquartered at Limassol, Cyprus, and incorporated in the Netherlands Antilles, Cayman Islands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre</span> Dubai government entity

The Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre is a Dubai government organisation working on the UAE space programme, which includes various space satellite projects, the Emirates Mars Mission, the Emirates Lunar Mission, and the UAE astronaut programme. The centre actively works to promote space science and research in the region. The centre encompasses the Emirates Institution for Advanced Science and Technology (EIAST).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">VENμS</span>

Vegetation and Environment monitoring on a New Micro-Satellite (VENμS) is a near polar Sun-synchronous orbit microsatellite. It is a joint project of the Israeli Space Agency and CNES. The project was signed upon in April 2005 and was launched on the 2nd of August 2017. The microsatellite, which was set to cost the ISA US$20 million and CNES €10 million, was designed and built by IAI and Rafael under ISA's supervision.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KhalifaSat</span>

KhalifaSat, is a remote sensing Earth observation satellite that was designed and built at the Space Technology Laboratories of the Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre in Dubai. It is considered the first entirely Emirati-made satellite. It launched into orbit on 30 October 2018 from Japan's Tanegashima Space Center using the Korean Satrec SI-300 bus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gaofen</span> Chinese satellites

Gaofen is a series of Chinese high-resolution Earth imaging satellites launched as part of the China High-resolution Earth Observation System (CHEOS) program. CHEOS is a state-sponsored, civilian Earth-observation program used for agricultural, disaster, resource, and environmental monitoring. Proposed in 2006 and approved in 2010, the CHEOS program consists of the Gaofen series of space-based satellites, near-space and airborne systems such as airships and UAVs, ground systems that conduct data receipt, processing, calibration, and taskings, and a system of applications that fuse observation data with other sources to produce usable information and knowledge.

Satellogic is a company specializing in Earth-observation satellites, founded in 2010 by Emiliano Kargieman and Gerardo Richarte.

TeLEOS-1 is Singapore's first commercial Earth observation satellite launched on a PSLV-C29 vehicle of the Indian Space Research Organisation from Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota on 16 December 2015 along with five other satellites developed in Singapore. The satellite is aimed at providing high temporal imagery and geospatial solutions for homeland security and border control; maritime monitoring and disaster management around the equatorial belt. TeLEOS-1 is developed by ST Engineering.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Capella Space</span> American space company

Capella Space is an American space company with satellite and declassified SAR data solutions for government and commercial use. It offers space-based radar Earth observation satellites equipped with synthetic-aperture radar that can collect imagery through clouds and at night. The company is based in San Francisco, California with offices in Washington, D.C., and Louisville, Colorado. It was founded by Payam Banazadeh, a former engineer at Jet Propulsion Laboratory of NASA, and William Walter Woods.

Biomass is an Earth observing satellite planned for launch by the European Space Agency (ESA) in 2024 on a Vega launch vehicle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Satrec Initiative</span> South Korean Aerospace company

Satrec Initiative Co., Ltd. or SI is a South Korean satellite manufacturing company headquartered in Daejeon, South Korea The company was founded in 1999 by the engineers who developed the first Korean satellite (KITSAT-1) at KAIST SaTRec. The company designs and builds Earth observation satellites called SpaceEye-series, and it provides various space components, including high resolution electro-optical payloads and star-trackers. SI's first satellite was a Malaysian Earth observation satellite, RazakSAT launched in 2009. SI has two subsidiaries: SI Imaging Services (SIIS) is the exclusive image data provider of KOMPSAT-series, and SI Analytics (SIA) provides AI-native GEOINT solutions for satellite imagery. SI also spun-off SI Detection (SID), which provides radiation monitoring solutions.

References

  1. 1 2 "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Report. 14 March 2021. Retrieved 8 May 2021.
  2. 1 2 "EROS B". Gunter's Space Page. 7 July 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
  3. ↑ "Serbia Settlement IAI Bond Purchase Boost Fortunes of Israel's ImageSat". SpaceNews. 28 January 2011. Retrieved 8 May 2021.
  4. ↑ Coren, Ora (26 April 2006). "Israeli Satellite Launched to Spy on Iranian Nuclear Sites". Haaretz .
  5. ↑ Barzilai, Amnon (27 July 2001). "ImageSat Signs Credit Deal to Develop EROS Satellite Plans". Haaretz .
  6. ↑ Pincas, Gitit (31 January 2006). "ImageSat to raise $30m on TASE ahead of Nasdaq issue". Globes .
  7. ↑ "EROS-B". Apollo Mapping. 27 June 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
  8. ↑ Hellermann, Rani. "EROS B – Operational Experience, Second year of operation 2008" (PDF). ImageSat. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 February 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
  9. ↑ "EROS B (Earth Remote Observation System B)". ESA Earth Observation Portal. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
  10. ↑ Coren, Ora (30 April 2006). "Quality of New Israeli Spy Satellite Photos Said 'Excellent'". Haaretz .
  11. ↑ Katz, Yali; Levin, Noam (May 2016). "Quantifying urban light pollution — A comparison between field measurements and EROS-B imagery". Remote Sensing of Environment. 177: 65–77. Bibcode:2016RSEnv.177...65K. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2016.02.017.
  12. ↑ "Israel's EROS-B Satellite Rustles Up High Resolution Images For Rio Olympics". Satnews. 27 June 2016. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.