Legislature of British Columbia

Last updated

Parliament of British Columbia
42nd Parliament of British Columbia
Type
Type
Houses Legislative Assembly
Sovereign The lieutenant governor (representing the King of Canada)
History
FoundedJuly 20, 1871 (1871-07-20)
Preceded byGovernor-in-Council of the United Colony of British Columbia

The Parliament of British Columbia is made of two elements: the lieutenant governor (representing the King of Canada), and the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (which meets at the British Columbia Parliament Buildings). The Parliament of British Columbia has existed since the province joined Canada in 1871, before which it was preceded by the Parliament of the United Colony of British Columbia.

Like the Canadian federal government, British Columbia uses a Westminster-style parliamentary government, in which members are sent to the Legislative Assembly after general elections and from there the party with the most seats chooses a premier of British Columbia and the Executive Council of British Columbia. The premier is British Columbia's head of government, while the King of Canada is its head of state and is represented by the lieutenant governor. Before 1903, candidates in British Columbia elections were not affiliated with political parties.

List of parliaments

Following is a list of the 42 times the Parliament has been convened since 1871. This article only covers the time since 1871. For the governing body from 1867 to 1871, see Legislative Council of British Columbia.

Assembly
Sessions
ElectionFrom
To [1] [nb 1]
Governing Party Premier [2] Official Opposition Party
Leader [3]
Other Official Party
Leader [4]
Speaker [5]
1st Parliament

4 sessions

1st general Nov. 20, 1871
Aug. 30, 1875
none [nb 2] John Foster McCreight [nb 3]

Amor De Cosmos [nb 4]
George Anthony Walkem

none [nb 5] none James Trimble
2nd Parliament

3 sessions

2nd general Jan. 10, 1876
Apr. 12, 1878
none George Anthony Walkem [nb 6]

Andrew Charles Elliott

nonenone James Trimble
3rd Parliament

5 sessions

3rd general Jul. 29, 1878
June 13, 1882
none George Anthony Walkem [nb 7]

Robert Beaven

nonenone Frederick W. Williams
4th Parliament

4 sessions

4th general Jan. 25, 1883
June 3, 1886
none Robert Beaven [nb 8]

William Smithe

nonenone John Andrew Mara
5th Parliament

4 sessions

5th general Jan. 24, 1887
May 10, 1890
none William Smithe [nb 9]

Alexander Edmund Batson Davie [nb 10]
John Robson

nonenone Charles Edward Pooley [nb 11]

David Williams Higgins

6th Parliament

4 sessions

6th general Jan. 15, 1891
June 2, 1894
none John Robson [nb 12]

Theodore Davie

nonenone David Williams Higgins
7th Parliament

4 sessions

7th general Nov. 12, 1894
June 7, 1898
none Theodore Davie [nb 13]

John Herbert Turner

nonenone David Williams Higgins [nb 14]

John Paton Booth

8th Parliament

2 sessions

8th general Jan. 5, 1899
April 10, 1900
none John Herbert Turner [nb 15]

Charles Augustus Semlin [nb 16]
Joseph Martin

nonenone William Thomas Forster
9th Parliament

4 sessions [6]

9th general July 19, 1900
June 16, 1903
none James Dunsmuir [nb 17]

Edward Gawler Prior [nb 18]
Richard McBride

nonenone John Paton Booth [nb 19]

Charles Edward Pooley

10th Parliament 10th general Nov. 26, 1903
Dec. 24, 1906
Conservative Richard McBride Liberal

James Alexander MacDonald

none Charles Edward Pooley
11th Parliament 11th general Mar. 7, 1907
Oct. 20, 1909
Conservative Richard McBride Liberal

James Alexander MacDonald

none David McEwen Eberts
12th Parliament 12th general Jan. 20, 1910
Feb. 27, 1912
Conservative Richard McBride Liberal

James Alexander MacDonald

none David McEwen Eberts
13th Parliament 13th general Jan. 16, 1913
May 31, 1916
Conservative Richard McBride [nb 20]

William John Bowser

Liberal

Harlan Carey Brewster

none David McEwen Eberts
14th Parliament 14th general Mar. 1, 1917
Oct. 23, 1920
Liberal Harlan Carey Brewster [nb 21]

John Oliver

Conservative

William John Bowser

none John Walter Weart [nb 22]

John Keen

15th Parliament 15th general Feb. 8, 1921
May 10, 1924
Liberal John Oliver Conservative

James Alexander MacDonald

none Alexander Malcolm Manson [nb 23]

Frederick Arthur Pauline

16th Parliament 16th general Nov. 3, 1924
June 7, 1928
Liberal John Oliver [nb 24]

John Duncan MacLean

Conservative

Robert Henry Pooley

Provincial

Alexander Duncan McRae

John Andrew Buckham
17th Parliament 17th general Jan. 22, 1929
Aug. 1, 1933
Conservative Simon Fraser Tolmie Liberal

Thomas Dufferin Pattullo

none James William Jones [nb 25]

Cyril Francis Davie

18th Parliament 18th general Feb. 20, 1934
Apr. 12, 1937
Liberal Thomas Dufferin Pattullo Co-operative Commonwealth Federation

Robert Connell [nb 26]

Unionist

Simon Fraser Tolmie

Henry George Thomas Perry
19th Parliament 19th general Oct. 26, 1937
Jul. 21, 1941
Liberal Thomas Dufferin Pattullo Conservative

Frank Porter Patterson

Co-operative Commonwealth Federation

Harold Winch [nb 27]

Norman William Whittaker
20th Parliament 20th general Dec. 4, 1941
Aug. 31, 1945
Liberal-Conservative coalition John Hart Co-operative Commonwealth Federation

Harold Winch

none Norman William Whittaker
21st Parliament 21st general Feb. 1, 1946
Apr. 16, 1949
Liberal-Conservative coalition John Hart [nb 28]

Byron Ingemar Johnson

Co-operative Commonwealth Federation

Harold Winch

none Norman William Whittaker [nb 29]

Robert Henry Carson [nb 30]
John Hart

22nd Parliament 22nd general Feb. 14, 1950
Apr. 10, 1952
Liberal-Conservative coalition Byron Ingemar Johnson Co-operative Commonwealth Federation [nb 31]

Harold Winch

Conservative
Herbert Anscomb

none Nancy Hodges
23rd Assembly 23rd general Feb. 3, 1953
Mar. 27, 1953
Social Credit W. A. C. Bennett Co-operative Commonwealth Federation

Harold Winch

Liberal

Arthur Laing

Progressive Conservative
Herbert Anscomb

Thomas James Irwin
24th Parliament 24th general Sep. 15, 1953
Aug. 13, 1956
Social Credit W. A. C. Bennett Co-operative Commonwealth Federation

Arnold Webster

Liberal

Arthur Laing

Progressive Conservative
Deane Finlayson

Thomas James Irwin
25th Parliament 25th general Feb. 7, 1957
Aug. 3, 1960
Social Credit W. A. C. Bennett Co-operative Commonwealth Federation

Robert Strachan

Liberal

Ray Perrault

Thomas James Irwin [nb 32]

Lorne Shantz

26th Parliament 26th general Jan. 26, 1961
Aug. 21, 1963
Social Credit W. A. C. Bennett Co-operative Commonwealth Federation

Robert Strachan

Liberal

Ray Perrault

Lorne Shantz
27th Parliament 27th general Jan. 23, 1964
Aug. 5, 1966
Social Credit W. A. C. Bennett New Democratic Party

Robert Strachan

Liberal

Ray Perrault

William Harvey Murray
28th Parliament 28th general Jan. 24, 1967
Jul. 21, 1969
Social Credit W. A. C. Bennett New Democratic Party

Robert Strachan

Liberal

Ray Perrault

William Harvey Murray
29th Parliament

3 sessions

29th general Jan. 22, 1970
Jul. 24, 1972
Social Credit W. A. C. Bennett New Democratic Party

Dave Barrett

Liberal

Pat McGeer

William Harvey Murray
30th Parliament

5 sessions

30th general Oct. 17, 1972
Nov. 3, 1975
New Democratic Party Dave Barrett Social Credit

W. A. C. Bennett [nb 33]
Bill Bennett

Liberal

David Anderson

Progressive Conservative
Derril Thomas Warren

Gordon Dowding
31st Parliament

4 sessions

31st general Mar. 17, 1976
Apr. 3, 1979
Social Credit Bill Bennett New Democratic Party

William Stewart King [nb 34]
Dave Barrett

Liberal

Gordon Gibson

Progressive Conservative
George Scott Wallace

Ed Smith [nb 35]

Harvey Schroeder

32nd Parliament

4 sessions

32nd general June 6, 1979
Apr. 7, 1983
Social Credit Bill Bennett New Democratic Party

Dave Barrett

none Harvey Schroeder [nb 36]

Kenneth Walter Davidson

33rd Parliament

4 sessions

33rd general June 23, 1983
Sep. 24, 1986
Social Credit Bill Bennett [nb 37]

Bill Vander Zalm

New Democratic Party

Dave Barrett [nb 38]
Bob Skelly

none Kenneth Walter Davidson
34th Parliament

5 sessions

34th general Mar. 9, 1987
Sep. 19, 1991
Social Credit Bill Vander Zalm [nb 39]

Rita Johnston

New Democratic Party

Bob Skelly

none John Douglas Reynolds [nb 40]

Stephen Rogers

35th Parliament

5 sessions

35th general Mar. 17, 1992
April 30, 1996
New Democratic Party Mike Harcourt [nb 41]

Glen Clark

Liberal

Gordon Wilson

Social Credit

Rita Johnston

Joan Sawicki [nb 42]

Emery Barnes

36th Parliament

5 sessions

36th general June 25, 1996
April 18, 2001 [7]
New Democratic Party Glen Clark [nb 43]

Dan Miller [nb 44]
Ujjal Dosanjh

Liberal

Gordon Campbell

Reform

Jack Weisgerber

Progressive Democrat
Gordon Wilson

Dale Lovick [nb 45]

Gretchen Brewin [nb 46]
William James Hartley

37th Parliament

6 sessions

37th general June 19, 2001
2005
Liberal Gordon Campbell New Democratic Party

Joy MacPhail

none Claude Richmond
38th Parliament

5 sessions

38th general Sep. 12, 2005
2009
Liberal Gordon Campbell New Democratic Party

Carole James

none Bill Barisoff
39th Parliament

5 sessions [8]

39th general Aug. 29, 2009
April 16, 2013
Liberal Gordon Campbell [nb 47]

Christy Clark

New Democratic Party

Adrian Dix

none Bill Barisoff
40th Parliament 40th general June 26, 2013
April 11, 2017
Liberal Christy Clark New Democratic Party

Adrian Dix [nb 48]
John Horgan

Green

Andrew J. Weaver [nb 49]

Linda Reid
41st Parliament 41st general June 26, 2017
Sep. 21, 2020
Liberal [nb 50]
New Democratic Party
Christy Clark [nb 51]
John Horgan
New Democratic Party

John Horgan [nb 52]
Liberal
Christy Clark

Green

Andrew J. Weaver [nb 53]
Adam Olsen [nb 54]
Sonia Furstenau

Steve Thomson [nb 55]

Darryl Plecas

42nd Parliament 42nd general Dec 7, 2020
present
New Democratic Party John Horgan [nb 56]
David Eby
Liberal
BC United
Andrew Wilkinson [nb 57]
Shirley Bond [nb 58]
Kevin Falcon
Green
Sonia Furstenau
Raj Chouhan

Notes:

  1. From opening day of legislature to the day that the legislature was dissolved.
  2. Political parties did not exist in the British Columbia legislature before 1903
  3. Until December 1872
  4. Until February 1874
  5. Did not exist until 1903
  6. Until January 25, 1876
  7. Until June, 1882
  8. Until January, 1883
  9. Until March, 1887
  10. Until August, 1889
  11. Until 1889
  12. Until June, 1892
  13. Until March, 1895
  14. Until March, 1898
  15. Until August, 1898
  16. Until February, 1900
  17. Until November, 1902
  18. Until June, 1902
  19. Until February 26, 1902
  20. Until December, 1915
  21. Until March, 1918
  22. Until February, 1918
  23. Until January 28, 1922
  24. Until August 17, 1927
  25. Until 1930
  26. After August 1936, following a split in the party, the Social Constructive Party led by Connell became the official opposition
  27. From June, 1939
  28. Until December 28, 1947
  29. Until 1947
  30. Until January, 1949
  31. Until February, 1952
  32. Until April, 1957
  33. Until November, 1973
  34. Until June, 1976
  35. Until 1978
  36. Until 1982
  37. Until August 1986
  38. Until May 1984
  39. Until April 2, 1991
  40. Until 1989
  41. Until February 22, 1996
  42. Until 1994
  43. Until August 25, 1999
  44. Until February 24, 2000
  45. Until 1998
  46. Until 2000
  47. Until March 14, 2011
  48. Until May 4, 2014
  49. From December 9, 2015
  50. until July 18, 2017; government defeated in a non-confidence vote June 29, 2017
  51. until July 18, 2017; government defeated in a non-confidence vote June 29, 2017
  52. until July 18, 2017
  53. until January 6, 2020
  54. until September 14, 2020
  55. until June 29, 2017
  56. until November 18, 2022
  57. until November 21, 2020
  58. until May 16, 2022

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Edward Gawler Prior</span> Canadian politician

Edward Gawler Prior, was a mining engineer and politician in British Columbia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1952 British Columbia general election</span> Canadian election

The 1952 British Columbia general election was the 23rd general election in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It was held to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, alongside a plebiscite on daylight saving time and liquor. The election was called on April 10, 1952, and held on June 12, 1952. The new legislature met for the first time on February 3, 1953.

The 9th Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from 1900 to 1903. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in June 1900. James Dunsmuir served as Premier until he resigned in November 21, 1902. Dunsmuir was succeeded by Edward Gawler Prior, who was dismissed by the lieutenant governor for conflict of interest. Richard McBride became Premier in June 1902.

The 10th Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from 1903 to 1906. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in October 1903. This election was the first in British Columbia to be contested by competing political parties. The British Columbia Conservative Party led by Richard McBride, having won the majority of seats, formed the government.

The 14th Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from 1917 to 1920. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in September 1916. The British Columbia Liberal Party, led by Harlan Carey Brewster, formed the government. Following Brewster's death in March 1918, John Oliver became Premier.

The 19th Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from 1937 to 1941. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in June 1937. The Liberal Party, led by Thomas Dufferin Pattullo, formed the government. The Conservative Party formed the official opposition.

The 23rd Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from February 1953 to March 1953. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in June 1952. The Social Credit Party led by W. A. C. Bennett formed the government. The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation led by Harold Winch formed the official opposition.

The 24th Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from September 1953 to 1956. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in June 1953. The Social Credit Party led by W. A. C. Bennett formed the government. The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation led by Arnold Webster formed the official opposition.

The 25th Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from 1957 to 1960. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in September 1956. The Social Credit Party led by W. A. C. Bennett formed the government. The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) led by Robert Strachan formed the official opposition.

The 28th Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from 1967 to 1969. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in September 1966. The Social Credit Party led by W. A. C. Bennett formed the government. The New Democratic Party (NDP) led by Robert Strachan formed the official opposition.

The 29th Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from 1970 to 1972. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in August 1969. The Social Credit Party led by W. A. C. Bennett formed the government. The New Democratic Party (NDP) led by Dave Barrett formed the official opposition.

The 30th Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from 1972 to 1975. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in August 1972. The New Democratic Party (NDP) led by Dave Barrett formed the government. The Social Credit Party led by W. A. C. Bennett formed the official opposition. Bill Bennett was elected Social Credit party leader in November 1973 after his father resigned his seat in the assembly in June 1973.

The 31st Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from 1976 to 1979. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in December 1975. The Social Credit Party led by Bill Bennett formed the government. The New Democratic Party (NDP) led by William Stewart King formed the official opposition. Dave Barrett had lost his seat in the election; he was reelected in a by-election held in June 1976 and resumed his role as party leader.

The 32nd Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from 1979 to 1983. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in May 1979. The Social Credit Party led by Bill Bennett formed the government. The New Democratic Party (NDP) led by Dave Barrett formed the official opposition.

The 33rd Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from 1983 to 1986. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in May 1983. The Social Credit Party led by Bill Bennett formed the government. After Bennett retired in 1986, Bill Vander Zalm became Premier. The New Democratic Party (NDP) led by Dave Barrett formed the official opposition. After Barrett resigned his seat in 1984, Bob Skelly became party leader.

The 34th Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from 1987 to 1991. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in October 1986. The Social Credit Party led by Bill Vander Zalm formed the government. Vander Zalm resigned in 1991 after he was found to have put himself into a conflict of interest; Rita Johnston then became Premier. The New Democratic Party (NDP) led by Bob Skelly formed the official opposition.

The 35th Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from 1992 to 1996. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in October 1991. The New Democratic Party (NDP) led by Mike Harcourt formed the government. Harcourt resigned as premier in February 1996; Glen Clark became party leader and premier later that month. The Liberals led by Gordon Wilson formed the official opposition.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">36th Parliament of British Columbia</span>

The 36th Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from 1996 to 2001. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in May 1996. The New Democratic Party (NDP) led by Glen Clark formed the government. Clark resigned as premier in August 1999; Dan Miller served as interim premier until a leadership election was held in February 2000 where Ujjal Dosanjh became party leader and premier. The Liberals led by Gordon Campbell formed the official opposition.

References

  1. "Electoral History of British Columbia, 1871-1986" (PDF). Elections BC. Retrieved July 16, 2011.
  2. "Premiers of British Columbia 1871-" (PDF). BC Legislature. Retrieved July 20, 2011.
  3. "Leaders of the Opposition in British Columbia 1903-" (PDF). BC Legislature. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 20, 2011. Retrieved July 20, 2011.
  4. "Party Leaders in British Columbia 1900-" (PDF). BC Legislature. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 20, 2011. Retrieved July 20, 2011.
  5. "Speakers of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia 1872-" (PDF). BC Legislature. Retrieved July 20, 2011.
  6. Magurn, A J (1905). Canadian Parliamentary Guide 1905.
  7. "Electoral History of British Columbia, Supplement, 1987-2001" (PDF). Elections BC. Retrieved August 4, 2011.
  8. "Previous Sessions Debates and Indexes". Hansard Services. Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Archived from the original on February 19, 2011. Retrieved April 1, 2014.