Marginal sinus

Last updated
Marginal sinus
Details
Drains to Sigmoid sinus, or jugular bulb
Identifiers
Latin sinus marginalis [1]
Anatomical terminology

The marginal sinus is a dural venous sinus surrounding the margin of the foramen magnum inside the skull, [2] accommodated by the groove for marginal sinus. [3] It usually drains into either the sigmoid sinus, or the jugular bulb. It communicates with the basilar venous plexus anteriorly, and the occipital sinus posteriorly (the posterior union of the left and the right marginal sinus usually representing the commencement of the occipital sinus [2] ); it may form extracranial communications with the internal vertebral venous plexuses, or deep cervical veins. [4]

Clinical significance

Arteriovenous fistulas involving the marginal sinus have been described - often following basilar skull fractures. [2]

The marginal sinus must be traversed during surgical entry into subdural space deep to the foramen magnum. [2]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foramen magnum</span> Opening in the occipital bone of the skull

The foramen magnum is a large, oval-shaped opening in the occipital bone of the skull. It is one of the several oval or circular openings (foramina) in the base of the skull. The spinal cord, an extension of the medulla oblongata, passes through the foramen magnum as it exits the cranial cavity. Apart from the transmission of the medulla oblongata and its membranes, the foramen magnum transmits the vertebral arteries, the anterior and posterior spinal arteries, the tectorial membranes and alar ligaments. It also transmits the accessory nerve into the skull.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Occipital bone</span> Bone of the neurocranium

The occipital bone is a cranial dermal bone and the main bone of the occiput. It is trapezoidal in shape and curved on itself like a shallow dish. The occipital bone overlies the occipital lobes of the cerebrum. At the base of the skull in the occipital bone, there is a large oval opening called the foramen magnum, which allows the passage of the spinal cord.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dura mater</span> Outermost layer of the protective tissues around the central nervous system (meninges)

In neuroanatomy, dura mater is a thick membrane made of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. It is the outermost of the three layers of membrane called the meninges that protect the central nervous system. The other two meningeal layers are the arachnoid mater and the pia mater. It envelops the arachnoid mater, which is responsible for keeping in the cerebrospinal fluid. It is derived primarily from the neural crest cell population, with postnatal contributions of the paraxial mesoderm.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Epidural space</span> Space between the dura mater and vertebrae

In anatomy, the epidural space is the potential space between the dura mater and vertebrae (spine).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foramen lacerum</span> Triangular hole in the base of the skull

The foramen lacerum is a triangular hole in the base of skull. It is located between the sphenoid bone, the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone, and the basilar part of the occipital bone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Posterior cranial fossa</span> Area of the cranium containing the brainstem and cerebellum

The posterior cranial fossa is the part of the cranial cavity located between the foramen magnum, and tentorium cerebelli. It is formed by the sphenoid bones, temporal bones, and occipital bone. It lodges the cerebellum, and parts of the brainstem.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diploic veins</span> Large valveless veins in the skull

The diploic veins are large, thin-walled valveless veins that channel in the diploë between the inner and outer layers of the cortical bone in the skull, first identified in dogs by the anatomist Guillaume Dupuytren. A single layer of endothelium lines these veins supported by elastic tissue. They develop fully by the age of two years. The diploic veins drain this area into the dural venous sinuses. The four major trunks of the diploic veins found on each side of the head are frontal, anterior temporal, posterior temporal, and occipital diploic veins. They tend to be symmetrical, with the same pattern of large veins on each side of the skull. It has been suggested that the venous patterns they form resemble fingerprints in their individuality.

The emissary veins connect the extracranial venous system with the intracranial venous sinuses. They connect the veins outside the cranium to the venous sinuses inside the cranium. They drain from the scalp, through the skull, into the larger meningeal veins and dural venous sinuses. They may also connect to diploic veins within the skull.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cavernous sinus</span> Sinus in the human head

The cavernous sinus within the human head is one of the dural venous sinuses creating a cavity called the lateral sellar compartment bordered by the temporal bone of the skull and the sphenoid bone, lateral to the sella turcica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Confluence of sinuses</span> Venous sinus in the skull

The confluence of sinuses, torcular Herophili, or torcula is the connecting point of the superior sagittal sinus, straight sinus, and occipital sinus. It is below the internal occipital protuberance of the skull. It drains venous blood from the brain into the transverse sinuses. It may be affected by arteriovenous fistulas, a thrombus, major trauma, or surgical damage, and may be imaged with many radiology techniques.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Occipital sinus</span> Organ In the brain

The occipital sinus is the smallest of the dural venous sinuses. It is usually unpaired, and is sometimes altogether absent. It is situated in the attached margin of the falx cerebelli. It commences near the foramen magnum, and ends by draining into the confluence of sinuses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Falx cerebelli</span> Skull anatomy

The falx cerebelli is a small sickle-shaped fold of dura mater projecting forwards into the posterior cerebellar notch as well as projecting into the vallecula of the cerebellum between the two cerebellar hemispheres.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sigmoid sinus</span>

The sigmoid sinuses, also known as the pars sigmoid, are paired dural venous sinuses within the skull that receive blood from posterior transverse sinuses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carotid canal</span> Hole in the temporal bone in the skull for the internal carotid artery to enter the skull

The carotid canal is a passage in the petrous part of the temporal bone of the skull through which the internal carotid artery and its internal carotid (nervous) plexus pass from the neck into the cranial cavity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Occipital vein</span> Vein of the scalp

The occipital vein is a vein of the scalp. It originates from a plexus around the external occipital protuberance and superior nuchal line to the back part of the vertex of the skull. It usually drains into the internal jugular vein, but may also drain into the posterior auricular vein. It drains part of the scalp.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mastoid foramen</span> Hole in the back of the temporal bone

The mastoid foramen is a hole in the posterior border of the temporal bone. It transmits an emissary vein between the sigmoid sinus and the suboccipital venous plexus, and a small branch of the occipital artery, the posterior meningeal artery to the dura mater.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Condylar canal</span> Canal in the condyloid fossa of the occipital bone

The condylar canal is a canal in the condyloid fossa of the lateral parts of occipital bone behind the occipital condyle. Resection of the rectus capitis posterior major and minor muscles reveals the bony recess leading to the condylar canal, which is situated posterior and lateral to the occipital condyle. It is immediately superior to the extradural vertebral artery, which makes a loop above the posterior C1 ring to enter the foramen magnum. The anteriomedial wall of the condylar canal thickens to join the foramen magnum rim and connect to the occipital condyle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Internal vertebral venous plexuses</span>

The internal vertebral venous plexuses lie within the vertebral canal in the epidural space, embedded within epidural fat. They receive tributaries from bones, red bone marrow, and spinal cord. They are arranged into four interconnected, vertically oriented vessels - two situated anteriorly, and two posteriorly:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clivus (anatomy)</span> Bony part of the skull base

The clivus or Blumenbach clivus is a part of the occipital bone at the base of the skull. It is a shallow depression behind the dorsum sellae of the sphenoid bone. It slopes gradually to the anterior part of the basilar occipital bone at its junction with the sphenoid bone. It extends to the foramen magnum. It is related to the pons and the abducens nerve.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Inferior petrosal sulcus</span>

The inferior petrosal sulcus is the groove containing the inferior petrosal sinus.

References

  1. "Anatonomina". www.terminologia-anatomica.org. Retrieved 2023-03-10.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Shane Tubbs, R. (2020-01-01), Tubbs, R. Shane (ed.), "Chapter 14 - The Marginal Sinus", Anatomy, Imaging and Surgery of the Intracranial Dural Venous Sinuses, Philadelphia: Elsevier, pp. 131–133, ISBN   978-0-323-65377-0 , retrieved 2023-03-10
  3. "sulcus sinus marginalis". TheFreeDictionary.com. Retrieved 2023-03-10.
  4. Standring, Susan (2020). Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice (42th ed.). New York. p. 404. ISBN   978-0-7020-7707-4. OCLC   1201341621.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)