Miss America 1923

Last updated
Miss America 1923
Mary Katherine Campbell.jpg
Mary Katherine Campbell, Miss America 1923
DateSeptember 7, 1923
PresentersKing Neptune (Hudson Maxim)
Venue Million Dollar Pier, Atlantic City, New Jersey
Entrants75
Placements5
Winner Mary Katherine Campbell
N/A
  1922
1924  
Opening ceremony Openingceremony-1923missamerica.jpg
Opening ceremony

Miss America 1923, was the third Miss America pageant, held at the Million Dollar Pier in Atlantic City, New Jersey on Friday, September 7, 1923. [1] [2]

Contents

At the conclusion of the event, King Neptune crowned the incumbent titleholder Mary Katherine Campbell as Miss America 1923. Campbell is the only Miss America to win the title twice. [3] [4]

Contestants from 75 cities, states, and titles competed at the event. The event was presented by Hudson Maxim dressed as King Neptune.

Overview

Organization of pageant

The pageant consisted of four phases of competition: evening dress (called King Neptune's Court); roller chair parade, bathing girl revue, and the final. [5] There was no talent competition at this pageant (this would not become part of the Miss America competition until 1935). [6]

Judges

The panel of judges for the national pageant included film director, Penrhyn Stanlaws; painter, Joseph Cummings Chase; glamour artist, J. Knowles Hare; illustrator, Dean Cornwell; and painter and illustrator, Norman Rockwell. [7]

Aftermath

Soon after the conclusion of the pageant, numerous women clubs and church groups protested against any further beauty contests and, "[urged] that they be prohibited by law," and, "[denounced them] as vulgar, undignified 'and demoralizing to young womanhood." [8] [9] [10] One woman was quoted saying, " 'The beauty of our girls is too glorious, too sacred a thing to be put on exhibition like the freaks in a circus side show, to be commercialized and made the basis for all sorts of mercenary schemes.' " [8]

Another protest arose when Ethelda Kenvin, Miss Brooklyn, was named the 1st runner-up at the conclusion of the contest despite being married since 1921 to professional baseball player Eppie Barnes. [8] Some of her fellow contestants insisted that her placement and awards be revoked due to her marital status and violations of eligibility rules. [8] The judges' panel were made aware of this but ultimately decided to allow Kenvin to keep her prizes. [8]

Additionally, Helmar Liederman of New York filed suit against the contest directors, Armand T. Nichols and Harry L. Godshall, Sr., for $150,000 due to their refusal to allow her to enter the national competition as "Miss Alaska" because she was a married woman, despite being authorized to compete by a newspaper in Juneau, Alaska. [8]

Results

Placements

PlacementContestant
Miss America 1923
"Golden Mermaid"
1st Runner-Up
2nd Runner-Up
3rd Runner-Up
4th Runner-Up

Awards

Evening Dress Award

Award also referred to as "King Neptune's Court." [5]

ResultsContestant
Winner
Runner-up

Roller Chair Parade

AwardsContestant
Grand Prize
Second Prize
Third Prize
Fourth Prize
Fifth Prize

Contestants

City / State / TitleNameAgeNotes
Akron Thelma Boyd [17]
Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg Alaska Helmar Liederman [8] [18] 24Competed in Miss America 1922 pageant as Miss Alaska. [19]
Disqualified from 1923 pageant because she was married. [8] [18]
Flag of Albany, New York.svg Albany Peggy Ross [20]
Allentown Helen Noble [21]
Altoona Margaret Lillian Ross [20]
Asheville Rose Hildebrand [20]
Flag of Atlanta.svg Atlanta, Georgia Frances Thayer [20]
Flag of Baltimore, Maryland.svg Baltimore Billie Muller [20]
Binghamton Bonita C. Bement [21] 19
Birmingham Louise Newman [20]
Flag of Boston.svg Boston Margaret L. Black [20]
Bridgeton Sarah Delp [20]
Brighton Beach Edithea Lois Wild [22] 15
Flag of Brooklyn, New York.svg Brooklyn Ethelda Kenvin [20] 24Married baseball player, E.D. Barnes, in 1921 [8]
BuffaloOld.gif Buffalo Irene Knight [20]
Burlington Hazel Gove [20]
Flag of Cambridge, Massachusetts.svg Cambridge Doris Rowden George [23]
Camden Florence Nurock [23]
Cape May Mildred McCann [23]
Flag of Chicago, Illinois.svg Chicago Corrine Dellefield [23]
Flag of Cincinnati, Ohio.svg Cincinnati Olga Emrick [23] Later worked as a stenographer and was active with the "Anti-Flirt Club" [24]
Flag of Cleveland, Ohio.svg Cleveland Mary Jane Clark [23]
Columbus Genevieve Mambourg [23]
Coney Island Heather Eulalie Walker [14] Star of the lost musical film, Hit the Deck, opposite Jack Oakie [25]
Cumberland Elizabeth Catherine Steele [26] 18
Detroit Beth Madson [23] Also competed in Miss America 1922 pageant as Miss Detroit [27]
Easton Agnes Connelly [23]
Flag of Erie, Pennsylvania.svg Erie Dorothy Haupt [23] Also competed in Miss America 1922 pageant as Miss Easton [28]
Fort Worth Bessie Laurene Roosa [29]
Hammonton Alice Kind [23]
Harrisburg Helen R. Knisely [30]
Jacksonville Alyce Phillips [21]
Johnstown Betty Grening [31]
Lakeland Mary Weaver [32]
Lebanon Grace Kohr [33]
Long Branch Elene Hicks [6] 19Died of breast cancer in 1940 at age 38 [6]
Louisville Juanita Hobbs [23]
Memphis Elizabeth Mallory [34]
Miami Katherine Kyle [35] Also known as "Katherine Newlon" [35]
Miss America 1921 C. Margaret Gorman [36] 18Competed as Miss America 1921 [36]
Miss America 1922 Mary Katherine Campbell [23] 16 [9] Competed as Miss America 1922 [23]
Only woman to win the national pageant twice [11]
New Bedford Mildred Salisbury [21]
New Haven Helen Haddock [23]
Flag of New Jersey.svg New Jersey Elizabeth McClure [37]
Alberta Dorothy Smith [37]
Elsie Banholzer [37]
Flag of New York City.svg New York City Peggy Verna Shevlin [23]
Niagara Falls Nelda Tell [23]
Norristown Mildred Maconachy [38]
Ocean City Grace Taylor [39]
Oklahoma City Mary Deen Overly [40]
Pensacola Katherine Floyd [41] [42]
Flag of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.svg Philadelphia Marion Green [43]
Portland Winona Evelyn Drew [30]
Portland Patricia Smith [23]
Pottsville Isabel Lynch [21]
Flag of Providence, Rhode Island.png Providence Loretta La Flamme [21]
Reading Jane Ondeck [44]
Richmond Billie Gates [45]
Rochester Reta Cowles [46]
St. Louis Charlotte Nash [16] 17Married millionaire and theatre magnate, Fred Nixon-Nirdlinger, twice [47] [48]
Shot and killed Nixon-Nirdlinger in March 1931 in Nice, France [47] [49]
Was acquitted after successfully arguing act was in self-defense [50] [51]
San Antonio Katherine Helmsley [23]
Flag of San Francisco (1900-1940).svg San Francisco Violet Regal [52]
Sunbury Mary Botto [30]
Syracuse Eileen Snyder [5]
Trenton Alma D. DeCone [23]
Flag of Tulsa (1924-1941).svg Tulsa Constance Crosby [53]
Vineland Mary E. Edwards [23]
Washington, D.C. Lorraine Bunch [23]
Flag of West Virginia (1907-1929).png West Virginia Neva Jackson [54]
Wildwoody Eleanor Addis [23]
Wilmington Ruth Agnes Brady [45]

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References

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  44. "ineligible". Reading Times. Reading, Pennsylvania. October 4, 1923. p. 8 via Newspapers.com. Miss Jane Ondeck who represented Reading at the Atlantic City pageant...
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  46. "Daily Graphic Review of News Events". Athens Messenger. Athens, Ohio. September 4, 1923. p. 7 via NewspaperArchive.com.
  47. 1 2 "Beauty Contest Girl Held as Husband Shot to Death". The San Bernardino Daily Sun. San Bernardino, California. March 13, 1931. p. 1 via Newspapers.com.
  48. "Charlotte Nash". The St. Louis Star. St. Louis, Missouri. May 19, 1926. p. 3 via Newspapers.com.
  49. "Mrs. Nixon-Nirdlinger Goes on Trial Today". The New York Times. New York, New York. May 20, 1931. p. 13.
  50. "First Intimate Details of Her Romance With the Theatrical Magnate". The St. Louis Star. St. Louis, Missouri. July 7, 1931. p. 3 via Newspapers.com. ...acquitted in Nice, France of the murder of her husband.
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Secondary sources

  • Saulino Osborne, Angela (1995). "Miss Americas and their Courts". Miss America The Dream Lives On. Taylor Publishing Company. ISBN   0-87833-110-7.