MorphOS

Last updated
MorphOS
Spbu479.png
MorphOS logo
Developer The MorphOS Development Team
Written in C, C++, Objective-C++, Pascal, Python, Perl, Amiga E, Ruby, Lua
OS family AmigaOS-like
Working stateCurrent
Source model Closed source (with open source [1] components)
Initial release0.1 / August 1, 2000;23 years ago (2000-08-01)
Latest release 3.18 / May 13, 2023;3 months ago (2023-05-13)
Available in 19 languages
Platforms Pegasos, some models of Amiga, Efika, Mac Mini G4, eMac, Power Mac G4, PowerBook G4, iBook G4, Power Mac G5, SAM 460, AmigaOne X5000
Kernel type Micro/pico [2]
Default
user interface 		Ambient
License Proprietary with GNU GPL Ambient user interface
Official website www.morphos-team.net

MorphOS is an AmigaOS-like computer operating system (OS). It is a mixed proprietary and open source OS produced for the Pegasos PowerPC (PPC) processor based computer, PowerUP accelerator equipped Amiga computers, and a series of Freescale development boards that use the Genesi firmware, including the Efika and mobileGT. Since MorphOS 2.4, Apple's Mac mini G4 is supported as well, and with the release of MorphOS 2.5 and MorphOS 2.6 the eMac and Power Mac G4 models are respectively supported. The release of MorphOS 3.2 added limited support for Power Mac G5. The core, based on the Quark microkernel, is proprietary, although several libraries and other parts are open source, such as the Ambient desktop.

Contents

Characteristics and versions

Developed for PowerPC CPUs from Freescale and IBM, it also supports the original AmigaOS Motorola 68000 series (68k, MC680x0) applications via proprietary task-based emulation, and most AmigaOS PPC applications via API wrappers. It is API compatible with AmigaOS 3.1 and has a GUI based on the Magic User Interface (MUI).

Besides the Pegasos version of MorphOS, there is a version for Amiga computers equipped with PowerUP accelerator cards produced by Phase5. This version is free, as is registration. If unregistered, it slows down after each two-hour session. PowerUP MorphOS was most recently updated on 23 February 2006; however, it does not exceed the feature set or advancement of the Pegasos release. [3] [4]

A version of MorphOS for the Efika, a very small mainboard based on the ultra-low-power MPC5200B processor from Freescale, has been shown at exhibitions and user gatherings in Germany. [5] Current (since 2.0) release of MorphOS supports the Efika.

Components

System architecture Mos.svg
System architecture
Screenshot of Ambient Desktop on MorphOS AmbientDesktop.png
Screenshot of Ambient Desktop on MorphOS

ABox

ABox is an emulation sandbox featuring a PPC native AmigaOS API clone that is binary compatible with both 68k Amiga applications and both PowerUP and WarpOS formats of Amiga PPC executables. ABox is based in part on AROS Research Operating System. ABox includes Trance JIT code translator for 68k native Amiga applications.

Other

Amiga3dapi.svg

MorphOS software

MorphOS can run any system friendly Amiga software written for 68k processors. Also it is possible to use 68k libraries or datatypes on PPC applications and vice versa. It also provides compatibility layer for PowerUP and WarpUP software written for PowerUP accelerator cards. The largest repository is Aminet with over 75,000 packages online with packages from all Amiga flavors including music, sound, and artwork. MorphOS-only software repositories are hosted at MorphOS software, MorphOS files and MorphOS Storage.

Bundled applications

MorphOS is delivered with several desktop applications in the form of pre-installed software.

Supported hardware

Amiga

Apple

Genesi/bPlan GmbH

ACube

A-Eon Technology

History

Amiga family development tree AmigaOS 3 and clones.svg
Amiga family development tree

The project began in 1999, based on the Quark microkernel. [7] The earliest versions of MorphOS ran only via PPC accelerator cards on the Amiga computers, and required portions of AmigaOS to fully function. [8] A collaborative effort between the companies bPlan (of which the lead MorphOS developer is a partner) and Thendic-France in 2002 resulted in the first regular, non-prototype production of bPlan-engineered Pegasos computers capable of running MorphOS or Linux. [9] [10] Thendic-France had financial problems and folded; however, the collaboration continued under the new banner of "Genesi". [11] [12] A busy promotional year followed in 2003, with appearances at conventions and exhibitions in several places around the world, including the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas. [13]

After some bitter disagreements within the MorphOS development team in 2003 and 2004, culminating with accusations by a MorphOS developer that he and others had not been paid, [14] the Ambient desktop interface was released under GPL [15] and is now actively developed by the Ambient development team. Subject to GPL rules, Ambient continues to be included in the commercial MorphOS product. An alternative MorphOS desktop system is Scalos. [16]

On April 1, 2008, the MorphOS team announced that MorphOS 2.0 would be released within Q2/2008. This promise was only kept by a few seconds, with the release of MorphOS 2.0 occurring on June 30, 2008 23:59 CET. MorphOS 3.11 is commercially available at a price of €79 per machine (€49 for the Efika PPC or Sam460 boards). A fully functional demo of MorphOS is available, but without a keyfile, its speed is decreased significantly after 30 minutes of use per session; rebooting the system allows for another 30 minutes of use.

Release history of 0.x/1.x series

VersionRelease dateNotes
0.1August 1, 2000Amiga
0.2October 17, 2000Amiga
0.4February 14, 20013rd Release [17]
0.5May 1, 2001Amiga
0.8August 2001Amiga, Pegasos I
0.92002beta [18]
1.014 October 2002Pegasos I
1.1December 13, 2002Pegasos I
1.2February 9, 2003Pegasos I
1.3March 27, 2003Pegasos I
1.4August 7, 2003Pegasos I
1.4.4March 28, 2005Pegasos I/II
1.4.5April 30, 2005Pegasos I/II
1.4.5August 25, 2005Amiga [19]

Release history of 2.x/3.x series

VersionRelease dateNotes
2.0June 30, 2008Added support for Efika 5200B platform; native TCP/IP stack, an updated Sputnik release, AltiVec support, alpha compositing 3D layers for the graphical user interface, new USB components (including USB 2.0 support), new screenblankers, and Reggae, a new, modular, streaming multimedia framework [20]
2.1September 6, 2008Support for the Efika's audio [21]
2.2December 20, 2008 TrueCrypt-compatible disk encryption suite [22]
2.3August 6, 2009Origyn Web Browser as the default browser, read only HFS+ file system support [23]
2.4October 12, 2009Added support for Mac mini G4; write support for Mac HFS disks, new charsets.library to provide better multilingual application support [24]
2.5June 4, 2010Added support for eMac G4; drivers for SiI3x1x based 2-port Serial ATA PCI cards [25]
2.6October 10, 2010Added support for Power Mac G4; 2D drivers for Rage 128 Pro graphics cards; Released at precisely 10.10.10 10:10 [26]
2.7December 2, 2010Improving support for Power Mac G4 platforms [27]
3.0June 8, 2012Added support for PowerBook G4; performance improvements [28]
3.1July 8, 2012Bug-fix release [29]
3.2May 27, 2013Added support for further PowerBook G4 models, iBook G4 and Power Mac G5 model A1047; 3D drivers for Radeon R300 based cards, wireless networking via Atheros chipset, major overhaul of TCP/IP stack ("NetStack") – improving networking performance [30]
3.3September 18, 2013Fixes support for some iBook G4 models [31]
3.4December 14, 2013Improved R300 3D and G5 video playback performance, support for non-native display resolutions on various PowerBook models [32]
3.5February 15, 2014Support for PowerMac7,2 Power Mac G5 models [33]
3.6June 27, 2014Broadcom Wi-Fi support, AMD R400 support, SMBFS file system, VNC server and a Synergy client [34]
3.7August 3, 2014Bug-fix release [35]
3.8May 15, 2015Support for Sam 460 series of mainboards; basic drivers for Radeon HD series graphics cards, 4K displays in native resolution [36]
3.9June 19, 2015Bug-fix release [37]
3.10March 25, 2018Extended hardware support (AmigaOne X5000 mainboard; new SATA controllers, network controllers, scanners and graphics cards), Flow Studio IDE with built-in debugger, support for time zones, new fonts, new themes, vector graphics, including SVG icons, overall bug fixes and performance improvements [38]
3.11July 6, 2018Bug-fix release [39]
3.12October 2, 2019Dual monitor support for select hardware, improved thermal management for select hardware, new FireWire stack, support for more printers and scanners, upgraded Odyssey browser with HTTP/2 and TLS 1.3 and spell checking support, substantial upgrades and new features to Flow Studio IDE, UTF-8 support in MUI, ObjFW runtime with Automatic Reference Counting [40]
3.13February 7, 2020Bug-fix release [41]
3.14October 4, 2020Kernel improvements for threading, improved TCP/IP network stack threading support, improved unix emulation layer, Magic User Interface improvements, improved ObjectiveC framework, improved translations for various languages, updated open source components for various libraries and classes, numerous bug fixes. Introduces ScoutNG system monitoring application [42]
3.15December 31, 2020Bug-fix release [43]
3.16March 9, 2022Added notification system and email client, replaced Odyssey web browser with Wayfarer web browser, added new application switcher. Improvements for Synergy client, added shared openSSL 3 library. Includes hundreds of bug fixes [44]
3.17May 1, 2022Bug-fix release [45]
3.18May 13, 2023New features: Scriptable Hex/RAM/Disk editor, ArchiveIt archiver/unarchiver application, better cooling information display via Thermals application, Samba2/3 support, including integration with Ambient desktop. Extensive improvements to Radeon drivers and improvements to Realtek 8168 driver support. Issues in USB support for CyrusPlus 5040 systems has been corrected. Many system components and libraries have been bugfixed and improved, including MUI, Netstack and Filesysbox. [46]

MorphOS 2 includes a native TCP/IP stack ("Netstack") and a Web browser, Sputnik or Origyn Web Browser. [47] Sputnik was begun under a user community bounty system [48] that also resulted in MOSNet, a free, separate TCP/IP stack for MorphOS 1 users. Sputnik is a port of the KHTML rendering engine, on which WebKit is also based. Sputnik is no longer being developed and was removed from later MorphOS 2 releases.

All TCP/IP stacks Tcps.svg
All TCP/IP stacks

See also

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">PowerPC</span> RISC instruction set architecture by AIM alliance

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pegasos</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ambient (desktop environment)</span> MUI-based desktop environment for MorphOS

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phase5</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sam460ex</span> Modular motherboards

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">PowerUP (accelerator)</span>

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References

  1. ↑ "MorphOS - Source Code Releases".
  2. ↑ "Basic Kernel Information". MorphOS Home Page. Archived from the original on 2007-07-09. Retrieved 2007-03-21.
  3. ↑ Piru (February 23, 2006). "Announcements: Updated MorphOS for PowerUP Users". Amiga.org. Archived from the original on 2007-03-14. Retrieved 2007-03-21.
  4. ↑ Holwerda, Thom (August 24, 2005). "MorphOS 1.4.5 Released for Classic Amiga". OSNews. Retrieved 2007-03-21.
  5. ↑ Holwerda, Thom (October 17, 2006). "MorphOS 1.5 Running on Efika to Be Shown". OSNews. Retrieved 2007-03-21.
  6. ↑ Frank Mariak (December 25, 2013). "MorphOS on Apple G4 Cube?". Archived from the original on December 27, 2013. Retrieved 2013-12-25.
  7. ↑ "Nový projekt OS: MorphOS". Amiga Review (in Czech). No. 52. Atlantida Publishing. January 2000. p. 7. ISSN   1211-1465.
  8. ↑ "MorphOS? What's that, then?". Amiga Active. No. 10. Pinprint Publishing. July 2000. pp. 14–17. ISSN   1467-3533.
  9. ↑ Schröder, Carsten (July 2002). "Pegasos-Verfügbarkeit steht möglicherweise kurz bevor". Amiga Future (in German). No. 37. APC&TCP. pp. 4–5.
  10. ↑ Dvorak, John C. (2004-04-06). "Inside Track". PC Magazine. Vol. 23, no. 6. Ziff Davis. p. 53. ISSN   0888-8507.
  11. ↑ "MorphOS Update & Pegasos" (PDF). Total Amiga. No. 14. South Essex Amiga Link. Spring 2003. p. 8.
  12. ↑ "bplan and Thendic merge to GENESI (update)". Amiga-News.de. November 22, 2002. Retrieved December 29, 2016.
  13. ↑ "Weitere Bilder von der CES 2003" (in German). Amiga-News.de. February 4, 2003. Retrieved December 29, 2016.
  14. ↑ "Unklarheiten bezüglich der Veröffentlichung von MorphOS 1.5 für den Pegasos" (in German). Amiga-News.de. November 15, 2004. Retrieved December 29, 2016.
  15. ↑ "Ambient source code under GPL released". Amiga-News.de. January 22, 2005. Retrieved December 29, 2016.
  16. ↑ Haynes, Chris (March 21, 2007). "Scalos: The Amiga Desktop Replacement". Archived from the original on 2018-09-22. Retrieved 2007-03-21.
  17. ↑ "New MorphOS 0.4 Release". ann.lu. February 15, 2001. Archived from the original on March 8, 2016. Retrieved 2016-11-22. Alt URL
  18. ↑ MorphOS 0.9 video
  19. ↑ "MorphOS Change Log". morphos-team.net. June 6, 2006. Retrieved 2016-11-22.
  20. ↑ MorphOS 2.0 release notes
  21. ↑ MorphOS 2.1 release notes
  22. ↑ MorphOS 2.2 release notes
  23. ↑ MorphOS 2.3 release notes
  24. ↑ MorphOS 2.4 release notes
  25. ↑ MorphOS 2.5 release notes
  26. ↑ MorphOS 2.6 release notes
  27. ↑ MorphOS 2.7 release notes
  28. ↑ MorphOS 3.0 release notes
  29. ↑ MorphOS 3.1 release notes
  30. ↑ MorphOS 3.2 release notes
  31. ↑ MorphOS 3.3 release notes
  32. ↑ MorphOS 3.4 release notes
  33. ↑ MorphOS 3.5 release notes
  34. ↑ MorphOS 3.6 release notes
  35. ↑ MorphOS 3.7 release notes
  36. ↑ MorphOS 3.8 release notes
  37. ↑ MorphOS 3.9 release notes
  38. ↑ MorphOS 3.10 release notes
  39. ↑ MorphOS 3.11 release notes
  40. ↑ MorphOS 3.12 release notes
  41. ↑ MorphOS 3.13 release notes
  42. ↑ MorphOS 3.14 release notes
  43. ↑ MorphOS 3.15 release notes
  44. ↑ MorphOS 3.16 release notes
  45. ↑ MorphOS 3.17 release notes
  46. ↑ MorphOS 3.18 release notes
  47. ↑ "MorphOS 2.0" . Retrieved 2010-06-19.
  48. ↑ "Morph Bounties". MorphZone. Archived from the original on 2007-03-06. Retrieved 2007-03-12.
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