North Essex (UK Parliament constituency)

For the Canadian House of Commons constituency, see Essex North (federal electoral district).

North Essex
Former County constituency for the House of Commons
Boundary of North Essex in Essex for the 2005 general election
Location of Essex within England
County	Essex
1997–2010
Seats	One
Created from	Colchester North
Replaced by	Harwich and North Essex
1832–1868
Created from	Essex
Replaced by	East Essex, West Essex

North Essex was a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom between 1997 and 2010. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

The name was also used for the Northern Division of Essex, covering a much wider area and electing two members using the bloc vote system from 1832 until 1868.

History

The Northern Division of Essex was one of two Divisions, along with the Southern Division, created from the undivided Parliamentary County of Essex by the Reform Act of 1832. The constituency was abolished under the Reform Act 1867 (as amended by the Boundaries Act 1868) which divided Essex into three two-member Divisions (East, South and West).

The North Essex constituency was created for the 1997 general election following the Fourth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, mostly replacing the former seat of Colchester North. This was abolished for the 2010 general election by the Fifth Review, when it was largely replaced by the new constituency of Harwich and North Essex.

Boundaries

1832–1868

• The Hundreds of Clavering, Dunmow, Freshwell, Hinckford, Lexden, Tendring, Thurstable, Uttlesford, Winstree and Witham. ^[1]

See map on Vision of Britain website. ^[2]

On abolition, the Hundreds of Hinckford, Lexden, Tendring, Thurstable, Winstree and Witham were included in the new East Division of Essex; the Hundreds of Clavering, Dunmow, Freshwell and Uttlesford were included in the new West Division.

1997–2010

• The Borough of Colchester wards of Birch Messing and Copford, Boxted and Langham, Dedham, East Donyland, Fordham, Great and Little Horkesley, Great Tey, Marks Tey, Pyefleet, Tiptree, West Bergholt and Eight Ash Green, West Mersea, Winstree, and Wivenhoe; and
• The District of Tendring wards of Alresford, Thorrington and Frating, Ardleigh, Bradfield, Wrabness and Wix, Brightlingsea East, Brightlingsea West, Elmstead, Great Bentley, Great Bromley, Little Bromley and Little Bentley, Lawford and Manningtree, Mistley, St Osyth, and Tendring and Weeley. ^[3]

The new constituency comprised rural areas of the Borough of Colchester, including West Mersea and Wivenhoe, and western parts of the District of Tendring, including Brightlingsea. Formed primarily from parts of the abolished constituencies of North Colchester and South Colchester and Maldon, with a small slice of the western part of Harwich, including St Osyth.

Abolition and the new Harwich and North Essex constituency

On abolition in 2010, the rural area to the south-west of Colchester was transferred to the new constituency of Witham. The remainder formed the new constituency of Harwich and North Essex, together with the town of Harwich and surrounding areas, previously part of the abolished Harwich constituency.

Members of Parliament

MPs 1832–1868

Election	1st Member [4]		1st Party	2nd Member		2nd Party
1832		Sir John Tyrell, Bt	Tory [5]		Alexander Baring	Tory [5]
1834			Conservative [5]			Conservative [5]
1835 by-election					John Payne Elwes	Conservative [5]
1837					Charles Gray Round	Conservative [5]
1847					William Beresford	Conservative
1857		Charles Du Cane	Conservative
1865					Sir Thomas Western	Liberal
1868	Reform Act 1867: constituency abolished

MPs 1997-2010

Election		Member [4]	Party
	1997	Bernard Jenkin	Conservative
	2010	Constituency abolished: see Harwich and North Essex

Elections

Elections in the 2000s

General election 2005: North Essex ^[6]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Bernard Jenkin	22,811	47.6	+0.2
	Labour	Elizabeth Hughes	11,908	24.8	−6.7
	Liberal Democrats	James Raven	9,831	20.5	+3.0
	Green	Chris Fox	1,718	3.6	New
	UKIP	George Curtis	1,691	3.5	−0.1
Majority			10,903	22.8	+6.9
Turnout			47,959	65.7	+2.9
	Conservative hold		Swing	+3.4

General election 2001: North Essex ^[7]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Bernard Jenkin	21,325	47.4	+3.5
	Labour	Philip Hawkins	14,139	31.5	−1.7
	Liberal Democrats	Trevor Ellis	7,867	17.5	−2.5
	UKIP	George Curtis	1,613	3.6	+1.3
Majority			7,186	15.9	+5.2
Turnout			44,944	62.8	−12.5
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1990s

General election 1997: North Essex ^[8]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Bernard Jenkin	22,480	43.9	−13.8
	Labour	Timothy Young	17,004	33.2	+12.8
	Liberal Democrats	Andrew Phillips	10,028	20.0	−5.1
	UKIP	Roger Lord	1,202	2.3	New
	Green	Susan Ransome	495	1.0	0.0
Majority			5,476	10.7	−17.3
Turnout			51,209	75.3	−4.0
	Conservative win (new seat)

Notional result for the General Election 1992: North Essex

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Bernard Jenkin	36,381	53.1
	Liberal Democrats		17,224	25.1
	Labour		14,014	20.4
	Green		700	1.0
	Natural Law		238	0.3
Majority			19,157	28.0
Turnout			68,557	79.3
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1860s

By-election, 16 July 1866: North Essex ^[9]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Charles Du Cane	Unopposed
	Conservative hold

• Caused by Du Cane's appointment as a Civil Lord of the Admiralty.

General election 1865: North Essex ^[9]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Charles Du Cane	2,081	35.3	N/A
	Liberal	Thomas Western	1,931	32.8	New
	Conservative	William Beresford	1,881	31.9	N/A
Turnout			3,912 (est)	78.8 (est)	N/A
Registered electors			4,904
Majority			150	2.5	N/A
	Conservative hold		Swing	N/A
Majority			50	0.9	N/A
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing	N/A

Elections in the 1850s

General election 1859: North Essex ^[9]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Charles Du Cane	Unopposed
	Conservative	William Beresford	Unopposed
Registered electors			5,510
	Conservative hold
	Conservative hold

General election 1857: North Essex ^[9]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Charles Du Cane	Unopposed
	Conservative	William Beresford	Unopposed
Registered electors			5,553
	Conservative hold
	Conservative hold

General election 1852: North Essex ^[9]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	John Tyrell	2,412	43.2	+4.3
	Conservative	William Beresford	2,334	41.8	+5.7
	Whig	Thomas Barrett-Lennard	833	14.9	−10.2
Majority			1,501	26.9	+15.3
Turnout			3,206 (est)	56.1 (est)	−2.1
Registered electors			5,715
	Conservative hold		Swing	+4.7
	Conservative hold		Swing	+5.4

By-election, 9 March 1852: North Essex ^[9]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	William Beresford	Unopposed
	Conservative hold

• Caused by Beresford's appointment as Secretary at War.

Elections in the 1840s

General election 1847: North Essex ^{[9] [10]}

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	John Tyrell	2,472	38.9	N/A
	Conservative	William Beresford	2,292	36.1	N/A
	Whig	John Gurdon Rebow	1,555	24.5	New
	Whig	Fiske Goodeve Fiske-Harrison	36	0.6	New
Majority			737	11.6	N/A
Turnout			3,178 (est)	58.2 (est)	N/A
Registered electors			5,461
	Conservative hold		Swing	N/A
	Conservative hold		Swing	N/A

General election 1841: North Essex ^{[9] [5]}

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	John Tyrell	Unopposed
	Conservative	Charles Gray Round	Unopposed
Registered electors			5,771
	Conservative hold
	Conservative hold

Elections in the 1830s

General election 1837: North Essex ^{[9] [5]}

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Conservative	John Tyrell	Unopposed
	Conservative	Charles Gray Round	Unopposed
Registered electors			5,899
	Conservative hold
	Conservative hold

By-election, 4 May 1835: North Essex ^{[9] [5]}

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Conservative	John Payne Elwes	2,406	63.9
	Whig	John Disney	1,357	36.1
Majority			1,049	27.8
Turnout			3,763	70.3
Registered electors			5,351
	Conservative hold

• Caused by Baring's elevation to the peerage, becoming 1st Baron Ashburton

General election 1835: North Essex ^{[9] [5]}

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Conservative	John Tyrell	Unopposed
	Conservative	Alexander Baring	Unopposed
Registered electors			5,351
	Conservative hold
	Conservative hold

General election 1832: North Essex ^{[9] [5]}

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Tory	John Tyrell	2,448	27.8
	Tory	Alexander Baring	2,280	25.9
	Whig	Charles Western [11]	2,244	25.5
	Whig	Thomas Brand	1,840	20.8
Majority			36	0.4
Turnout			4,513	87.4
Registered electors			5,163
	Tory win (new seat)
	Tory win (new seat)

See also

• List of parliamentary constituencies in Essex

Notes and references

1. "The statutes of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. 2 & 3 William IV. Cap. LXIV. An Act to settle and describe the Divisions of Counties, and the Limits of Cities and Boroughs, in England and Wales, in so far as respects the Election of Members to serve in Parliament". London: His Majesty's statute and law printers. 1832. pp. 300–383. Retrieved 27 July 2017.
2. "HMSO Boundary Commission 1832, Essex".
3. "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1995". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 29 August 2019.
4. Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "E" (part 2)
5. Stooks Smith, Henry. (1973) [1844-1850]. Craig, F. W. S. (ed.). The Parliaments of England (2nd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. p.  104. ISBN   0-900178-13-2.
6. "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
7. "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
8. "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
9. Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. ISBN   978-1-349-02349-3.
10. "The General Election" . Morning Post. 24 July 1847. p. 3. Retrieved 9 April 2019– via British Newspaper Archive.
11. Urban, Sylvanus (1844). "Obituary". The Gentleman's Magazine. Volume XXII. London: John Bowyer Nichols and Son. p.  645 . Retrieved 1 May 2020– via Internet Archive.

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Essex	UK Parliament constituency 1832 – 1868	Succeeded by Essex Eastern Essex Western
Preceded by Colchester North Colchester South and Maldon	UK Parliament constituency 1997 – 2010	Succeeded by Harwich and North Essex