The demography of Germany is monitored by the Statistisches Bundesamt. According to the most recent data, Germany's population is 84,607,016 making it the most populous country in the European Union and the nineteenth-most populous country in the world. The total fertility rate was rated at 1.58 in 2021, significantly below the replacement rate of 2.1. For a long time Germany had one of the world's lowest fertility rates of around 1.3 to 1.4, however there has been a small increase in recent years. Due to the low birth rate Germany has recorded more deaths than births every year since 1972, which means 2021 was the 50th consecutive year the German population would have decreased without immigration. However, due to immigration the population has actually increased during the last half-century. In 2019 the number of people with a foreign background was 26%; this category includes foreigners, naturalized citizens, ethnic German repatriates from Eastern Europe and the children of all of the above.
Rhineland-Palatinate is a western state of Germany. It covers 19,846 km2 (7,663 sq mi) and has about 4.05 million residents. It is the ninth largest and sixth most populous of the sixteen states. Mainz is the capital and largest city. Other cities are Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Koblenz, Trier, Kaiserslautern, Worms and Neuwied. It is bordered by North Rhine-Westphalia, Saarland, Baden-Württemberg and Hesse and by France, Luxembourg and Belgium.
RWTH Aachen University, in German Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, is a German public research university located in Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. With more than 47,000 students enrolled in 144 study programs, it is the largest technical university in Germany.
The Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich is a public research university in Munich, Germany. Originally established as the University of Ingolstadt in 1472 by Duke Ludwig IX of Bavaria-Landshut, it is Germany's sixth-oldest university in continuous operation.
Chinesisch-Deutsches Hochschulkolleg (中德学院) is the Chinese German College for Postgraduate Studies affiliated with Tongji University located in Shanghai, China.
Immigration to Germany, both in the country's modern borders and the many political entities that preceded it, has occurred throughout the country's history. Today, Germany is one of the most popular destinations for immigrants in the world, with well over 1 million people moving there each year since 2013. As of 2019, around 13.7 million people living in Germany, or about 17% of the population, are first-generation immigrants.
The community of Indians in Germany includes Indian expatriates residing in Germany, as well as German citizens of Indian origin or descent. In 2009, the German government estimated that the number of people of Indian descent residing in Germany at 110,204, of which 43,175 people were holding an Indian passport, while 67,029 were holding a German passport. In 2022 the number stood at about 247,000 of Indian descent of which 198,000 had a migration background. According to the Federal Statistical Office the number of nationals from India is the second largest in Germany from either South, South East, East or Central Asia, only below the number of nationals from Afghanistan.
Overseas Pakistanis, or the Pakistani diaspora, refers to Pakistanis who live outside of Pakistan. These include citizens that have migrated to another country as well as people born abroad of Pakistani descent. According to the Ministry of Overseas Pakistanis and Human Resource Development, approximately 8.8 million Pakistanis live abroad according to December 2017 estimates. According to the Ministry of Emigration and Overseas Employment, data released in 2023 states that more than 10.80 million people have moved abroad since 1990. beoe.gov.pk
German Afghans are German citizens with Afghan ancestry and non-citizen residents born in, or with ancestors from, Afghanistan. It is the largest Afghan community in Europe and part of the worldwide Afghan diaspora, of which it is one of the largest. In 2022, the Federal Statistical Office of Germany estimated the number of people of Afghan descent residing in Germany at 425,000 the third largest from outside the EU, and the largest group from Asia excluding the Middle East and Caucusus. In particular, there are over 50,000 Afghans in Hamburg alone, comprising over 7% of the city's population. Offenbach am Main and Hamburg had the highest shares of Afghan migrants among all German districts in 2011. There were 51,000 people of Afghan decent living in Hamburg in 2023.
The German University of Technology in Oman (GUtech) is a private university in Halban, Oman. It was established in 2007 in Muscat in collaboration with RWTH Aachen University in Germany, one of the leading and top-ranked universities of technology in Europe. GUtech was one of the first universities in Oman to receive international accreditation for all its BSc and BEng programs. In the Academic Year 2019 more than 2200 students were enrolled in GUtech's programs. GUtech is now one of the best universities in Oman.
Germany–Pakistan relations are the bilateral relations between the Federal Republic of Germany and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The two states established diplomatic relations in the 1950s, with a focus on social, educational and economic development. Despite strong co-operation and historical ties, the two nations have experienced growing tensions, primarily due to disagreements and differing policies regarding the War in Afghanistan, including as the post-2014 drawdown and 2021 withdrawal of United States-led coalition troops. Germany remains one of Pakistan's largest trading partners.
Belgium-Germany relations are the bilateral relations between Belgium and Germany. Both of these are neighbouring countries and share a common 204 kilometer long landborder. Both nations are members of the Council of Europe, European Union, NATO and the Eurozone.
A national census in Germany was held every five years from 1875 to 1910. After the World Wars, only a few full population censuses have been held, the last in 1987. The most recent census, though not a national census, was the 2011 European Union census.
The Albanians in Germany refers to the Albanian migrants in Germany and their descendants. They mostly trace their origins to Albania, Kosovo and to a lesser extent to North Macedonia and other Albanian-speaking territories in the Balkan Peninsula. Their exact number is difficult to determine as some ethnic Albanians hold German, Macedonian, Serbian or another Former Yugoslavian citizenship.
The old states of Germany is a jargon referring to the ten of the sixteen states of the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) that were part of West Germany and that unified with the eastern German Democratic Republic's 5 states, which are given the contrasting term new states of Germany. Usage of this terminology usually excludes one other state, Berlin, conterminous with the capital city of the reunified nation which used to be divided, with its western part linked with West Germany.
In the narrow sense, Lebanese people in Germany include migrants from Lebanon living in Germany and their descendants, excluding Palestinians.
International University Liaison Indonesia (IULI) is a private university established in 2014 as the strategic partner of the European University Consortium-IULI in Indonesia.
German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology, also known as GMIT,, was co-founded by German and Mongolian governments based on an agreement which was signed in October 2011 by Mongolian President Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj and German Chancellor Angela Merkel. GMIT started with its first 35 students in 2013. On June 20, 2018 the first graduation of Bachelor students took place.
Germany–Tajikistan relations are the diplomatic relations between Tajikistan and Germany.
Germany–Lebanon relations are "traditionally friendly" and "very close", according to the German Foreign Office. For Lebanon, Germany is one of the most important donor countries for the care of the numerous refugees in the country. Among the Arabs in Germany, the Lebanese are among the largest groups with almost 160,000 members (2021).
