Sebacic acid

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Sebacic acid
Sebacic acid.svg
Sebacic acid 3D ball.png
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Decanedioic acid
Other names
1,8-Octanedicarboxylic acid
Decane-1,10-dioic acid
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.496 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
EC Number
  • 203-845-5
MeSH C011107
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C10H18O4/c11-9(12)7-5-3-1-2-4-6-8-10(13)14/h1-8H2,(H,11,12)(H,13,14) X mark.svgN
    Key: CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N X mark.svgN
  • InChI=1/C10H18O4/c11-9(12)7-5-3-1-2-4-6-8-10(13)14/h1-8H2,(H,11,12)(H,13,14)
    Key: CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYAE
  • OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)O
Properties
C10H18O4
Molar mass 202.250 g·mol−1
Density 1.209 g/cm3
Melting point 131 to 134.5 °C (267.8 to 274.1 °F; 404.1 to 407.6 K)
Boiling point 294.4 °C (561.9 °F; 567.5 K) at 100 mmHg
0.25 g/L [1]
Acidity (pKa)4.720, 5.450 [1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Sebacic acid is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid with the chemical formula HO2C(CH2)8CO2H. It is a white flake or powdered solid. Sebaceus is Latin for tallow candle, sebum is Latin for tallow, and refers to its use in the manufacture of candles. Sebacic acid is a derivative of castor oil. [2]

Contents

In the industrial setting, sebacic acid and its homologues such as azelaic acid can be used as a monomer for nylon 610, plasticizers, lubricants, hydraulic fluids, cosmetics, candles, etc.

It can be used as a surfactant in the lubricating oil industry to increase the antirust properties of lubricating oils on metals.

Production

Sebacic acid is produced from castor oil by cleavage of ricinoleic acid, which is obtained from castor oil. Octanol and glycerin are byproducts. [2]

It can also be obtained from decalin via the tertiary hydroperoxide, which gives cyclodecenone, a precursor to sebacic acid. [3]

Sebacic acid has also been produced commercially by Kolbe electrolysis of adipic acid. [4]

Potential medical significance

Sebum is a secretion by skin sebaceous glands. It is a waxy set of lipids composed of triglycerides (≈41%), wax esters (≈26%), squalene (≈12%), and free fatty acids (≈16%). [5] [6] Included in the free fatty acid secretions in sebum are polyunsaturated fatty acids and sebacic acid. Sebacic acid is also found in other lipids that coat the skin surface. Human neutrophils can convert sebacic acid to its 5-oxo analog, i.e., 5-oxo-6E,8Z-octadecenoic acid, a structural analog of 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid and like this oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid is an exceptionally potent activator of eosinophils, monocytes, and other pro-inflammatory cells from humans and other species. This action is mediated by the OXER1 receptor on these cells. It is suggested that sebacic acid is converted to its 5-oxo analog during, and thereby stimulates pro-inflammatory cells to contribute to the worsening of, various inflammatory skin conditions. [7]

Related Research Articles

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Tallow is a rendered form of beef or mutton suet, primarily made up of triglycerides.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stearin</span> Chemical compound

Stearin, or tristearin, or glyceryl tristearate is an odourless, white powder. It is a triglyceride derived from three units of stearic acid. Most triglycerides are derived from at least two and more commonly three different fatty acids. Like other triglycerides, stearin can crystallise in three polymorphs. For stearin, these melt at 54 (α-form), 65, and 72.5 °C (β-form).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stearic acid</span> Eighteen-carbon straight-chain fatty acid

Stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid with an 18-carbon chain. The IUPAC name is octadecanoic acid. It is a soft waxy solid with the formula CH3(CH2)16CO2H. The triglyceride derived from three molecules of stearic acid is called stearin. Stearic acid is a prevalent fatty-acid in nature, found in many animal and vegetable fats, but is usually higher in animal fat than vegetable fat. It has a melting point of 69.4 °C (156.9 °F) °C and a pKa of 4.50.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Azelaic acid</span> Organic chemical compound

Azelaic acid (AzA) is an organic compound with the formula HOOC(CH2)7COOH. This saturated dicarboxylic acid exists as a white powder. It is found in wheat, rye, and barley. It is a precursor to diverse industrial products including polymers and plasticizers, as well as being a component of a number of hair and skin conditioners. AzA inhibits tyrosinase.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ricinoleic acid</span> Chemical compound

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2-Octanol</span> Chemical compound

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References

  1. 1 2 Bretti, C.; Crea, F.; Foti, C.; Sammartano, S. (2006). "Solubility and Activity Coefficients of Acidic and Basic Nonelectrolytes in Aqueous Salt Solutions. 2. Solubility and Activity Coefficients of Suberic, Azelaic, and Sebacic Acids in NaCl(aq), (CH3)4NCl(aq), and (C2H5)4NI(aq) at Different Ionic Strengths and at t = 25 °C". J. Chem. Eng. Data. 51 (5): 1660–1667. doi:10.1021/je060132t.
  2. 1 2 Cornils, Boy; Lappe, Peter (2000). "Dicarboxylic Acids, Aliphatic". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry . Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a08_523. ISBN   978-3527306732.
  3. ↑ Griesbaum, Karl; Behr, Arno; Biedenkapp, Dieter; Voges, Heinz-Werner; Garbe, Dorothea; Paetz, Christian; Collin, Gerd; Mayer, Dieter; Höke (2000). "Hydrocarbons". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry . Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a13_227. ISBN   978-3527306732.
  4. ↑ Seko, Maomi; Yomiyama, Akira; Isoya, Toshiro (1979). "Development of Kolbe Electrosynthesis of Sebacic Acid". CEER, Chemical Economy & Engineering Review. 11 (9): 48-50.
  5. ↑ Thody, A. J.; Shuster, S. (1989). "Control and Function of Sebaceous Glands". Physiological Reviews. 69 (2): 383–416. doi:10.1152/physrev.1989.69.2.383. PMID   2648418.
  6. ↑ Cheng JB, Russell DW (September 2004). "Mammalian Wax Biosynthesis II: Expression cloning of wax synthase cDNAs encoding a member of the acyltransferase enzyme family" (PDF). The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (36): 37798–807. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M406226200 . PMC   2743083 . PMID   15220349.
  7. ↑ Powell WS, Rokach J (March 2020). "Targeting the OXE receptor as a potential novel therapy for asthma". Biochemical Pharmacology. 179: 113930. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113930. PMC   10656995 . PMID   32240653. S2CID   214768793.
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