The special administrative regions (SAR) of the People's Republic of China are one of the provincial-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China directly under the control of its Central People's Government,being integral areas of the country. As a region,they possess the highest degree of autonomy from China. However,despite the relative autonomy that the Central People's Government offers the special administrative regions,the National People's Congress remains capable of enforcing laws for the special administrative regions.
The term "Mainland China" is a geopolitical term defined as the territory governed by the People's Republic of China,excluding dependent territories of the PRC and other territories within Greater China. By convention,the territories that fall outside of the Chinese mainland include:
"One country,two systems" is a constitutional principle of the People's Republic of China (PRC) describing the governance of the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
China Post,legally the China Post Group Corporation,is the state-owned enterprise operating the official postal service of China,which provides the service in mainland China,excluding its special administrative regions,Hong Kong and Macau,which have their own postal service independent of the mainland's. The Corporation officially shares its office with the sub-ministry-level government agency State Post Bureau which regulates the national postal industry theoretically including the corporation.
The Mainland Travel Permit for Hong Kong and Macao Residents,also colloquially referred to as a Home Return Permit or Home Visit Permit,is issued to Chinese nationals who are permanent residents of or settled in Hong Kong and Macau as the travel document to Mainland China. The permit is issued by the Exit and Entry Administration of the People's Republic of China through China Travel Service sub-branches in Hong Kong and Macau and allows holders to travel freely to Mainland China.
The Customs and Excise Department (C&ED) is a government agency responsible for the protection of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region against smuggling;the protection and collection of revenue on dutiable goods on behalf of the Hong Kong Government;the detection and deterrence of drug trafficking and abuse of controlled drugs;the protection of intellectual property rights;the protection of consumer interests;and the protection and facilitation of legitimate trade and upholding Hong Kong's trading integrity.
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China passport is a passport issued only to permanent residents of Hong Kong who also hold Chinese citizenship. In accordance with the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,since the transfer of sovereignty on 1 July 1997,the passport has been issued by the Immigration Department of the Government of Hong Kong under the authorisation of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. As the official languages of Hong Kong are Chinese and English,the passport is printed bilingually in both Chinese and English.
A border guard of a country is a national security agency that performs border security. Some of the national border guard agencies also perform coast guard and rescue service duties.
A People's Republic of China Permit for Proceeding to Hong Kong and Macao,or One-way Permit,is a document issued by the People's Republic of China allowing residents of mainland China to leave the mainland permanently to settle in Hong Kong or Macau.
The Government of the Macau Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China,are headed by secretariats or commissioners and report directly to the chief executive. The affairs of the government are decided by secretaries,who are appointed by the chief executive and endorsed by the State Council of the Central People's Government in Beijing. As a special administrative region of China,Macau has a high degree of autonomy,in light of the "One Country,Two Systems" policy. The Macau Government,financially independent from the Central People's Government,oversees the affairs of Macau.
The transfer of sovereignty of Macau from Portugal to the People's Republic of China (PRC) occurred on 20 December 1999.
The People's Republic of China Passport,commonly referred to as the Chinese passport,is a passport issued to citizens of the People's Republic of China (PRC) for the purpose of international travel,and entitles its bearer to the protection of China's consular officials overseas.
There are 123 diplomatic missions in Hong Kong,of which 62 are consulates-general and 61 are consulates and six officially recognised bodies in Hong Kong. As Hong Kong has the status of a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China,some consuls-general in Hong Kong report directly to their respective foreign ministries,rather than to their Embassies in Beijing.
The Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Hong Kong (TECO) is the representative office of the Republic of China (Taiwan) in Hong Kong. Its counterpart body in Taiwan is the Hong Kong Economic,Trade and Cultural Office in Taiwan.
The Consulate General of Canada in Hong Kong and Macao represents Canada in the Hong Kong and Macau Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China. As Hong Kong was linked to the Commonwealth during British administration,Canada's mission was called the Canadian Commission before the transfer of sovereignty to China on July 1,1997. Since 1980,the Head of Mission in Hong Kong has also served as Consul-General to Macau.
The Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office of the State Council is an administrative agency of the State Council of the People's Republic of China responsible for promoting cooperation and coordination of political,economic and cultural ties between Mainland China and the Chinese Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
There are 15 consular missions in Macau,of which four are consulates-general,one is a consular office and ten are honorary consuls.
The Central Leading Group on Hong Kong and Macau Affairs is an internal policy coordination group of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the State Council of the People's Republic of China,reporting to the CCP Politburo,in charge of supervising and coordinating Beijing's policy towards the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau. The Group is the highest de facto body for China's policy towards Hong Kong and Macau.
National Supervisory Commission of the People's Republic of China is the highest anti-corruption agency of the People's Republic of China,at the same administrative ranking as Supreme People's Court and Supreme People's Procuratorate. Its operations are merged with the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Chinese Communist Party. The National Supervision Commission was formed at the first session of the 13th National People's Congress in 2018. The Commission includes the director,deputy director,and ordinary members and the director is appointed by the National People's Congress.
Deng Zhonghua is a Chinese government official. He was appointed as the Deputy Director of the Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office (HKMAO) in 2018.
