Kangjeng Susuhunan Giri | |
|---|---|
ꦫꦝꦺꦤ꧀ꦥꦏꦸ | |
 Sunan Giri painting | |
| Born | Raden Paku 1442 CE |
| Died | 1506 CE Kebomas, Gresik |
| Other names | Muhammad Ainul Yakin Joko Samudro |
| Era | Majapahit, Demak Sultanate, Cirebon Sultanate |
| Organization | Walisongo |
| Title | Kangjeng Susuhunan Giri |
| Parent |
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Sunan Giri (also called Raden Paku or Joko Samudro), and Muhammad Ainul Yakin (born 1442 CE in Blambangan, which is now Banyuwangi) are considered the Wali Sanga (revered saints of Islam) of Indonesia.
He was the son of Dewi Sekardadu and Maulana Ishak of Melaka (brother of Maulana Malik Ibrahim) and later adopted as a son by Nyai Gede Pinatih, a female merchant. [1] A traditional story says that he was the son of a Hindu princess who had come to Blambangan as a missionary, who was forced to abandon him in a crisis by setting him adrift on the ocean in a small boat from which he was rescued by sailors—a story reminiscent of the biblical Moses. [1] (see Sejarah Banten ).
As a young man, Giri studied in the school of Sunan Ampel, whose daughter he eventually married, [2] and where Raden Patah was his fellow student.
He later established his school in Sidomukti Village at Southern Gresik in East Java, where he got his name ("Giri" means "hill"). [3] The Islamic school he established was not only an institute of religious studies but a center for local civic activities and social development.
The king of Majapahit granted Giri the authority to expand his role in political leadership, which later on led to the greater development of the school, popularly known as Giri Kedaton. Sunan Giri was also known as Prabu Satmata, due to his remarkable record.
Sunan Giri foretold the rise of Mataram, and spread Islam to Lombok, Sulawesi, and Maluku. He was a proponent of orthodox Islam and disapproved of innovation (much like "modernist" Islamic scholars of the 1800s and 1900s).
Giri Kedaton, as a center of religious and political authority led by century head Pangeran Singosari was known for his most persistent resistance to the Dutch VOC and to Amangkurat II, who collaborated with the Dutch colonization efforts. [3]
The creation of popular Javanese traditional games and children's toys and games such as Jelungan, Jamuran, lir-ilir, and Cublak Suweng is attributed to Sunan Giri. His name is also associated with Gending Asmaradana and Pucung (Javanese poetry)—although they had been mostly influenced by pre-Islamic Javanese beliefs and traditions, but show signs of eventual Islamization.[ citation needed ]
The Sultanate of Mataram was the last major independent Javanese kingdom on the island of Java before it was colonised by the Dutch. It was the dominant political force radiating from the interior of Central Java from the late 16th century until the beginning of the 18th century.
Sultan Anyakrakusuma is known as Sultan Agung was the third Sultan of Mataram in Central Java ruling from 1613 to 1645. He was a skilled soldier who conquered neighbouring states and expanded and consolidated his kingdom to its greatest territorial and military power.
The Wali Songo are revered saints of Islam in Indonesia, especially on the island of Java, because of their historic role in the spread of Islam in Indonesia. The word wali is Arabic for "trusted one" or "friend of God", while the word sanga is Javanese for the number nine.
Malik Ibrahim, also known as Sunan Gresik or Kakek Bantal, was the first of the Wali Songo, the nine men generally thought to have introduced Islam to Java.
Sunan Kalijaga was one of the "nine saints" of Javanese Islam. The "Kalijaga" title was derived from an orchard known as "Kalijaga" in Cirebon. Other accounts suggest that the name derives from his hobby of submerging himself in Kali. Others note that the name Kalijaga derived its nature from the Arabic notion of qadli dzaqa which means "holy leader" in the sultanate.
Sunan Gunungjati (1448–1568) was one of the Wali Songo or nine saints of Islam revered in Indonesia. He founded the Sultanate of Banten and the Sultanate of Cirebon on the north coast of Java.
Sunan Kudus, founder of Kudus, is considered to be one of the Wali Sanga of Java, Indonesia.
The Demak Sultanate was a Javanese Muslim state located on Java's north coast in Indonesia, at the site of the present-day city of Demak. A port fief to the Hindu-Buddhist Majapahit kingdom thought to have been founded in the last quarter of the 15th century, it was influenced by Islam brought by Muslim traders from China, Gujarat, Arabia and also Islamic kingdoms in the region, such as Samudra Pasai, Malacca and Bani (Muslim) Champa. The sultanate was the first Muslim state in Java, and once dominated most of the northern coast of Java and southern Sumatra.
Sunan Bonang was one of the Wali Songo, along with his father Sunan Ampel and his brother Sunan Drajat.
Sunan Ampel was one of the Javanese nine revered saints Wali Songo, credited for the spread of Islam in Java. According to local history around Demak the mosque of Demak Masjid Agung Demak was built by Sunan Ampel in 1479 CE, but other sources credited the construction of the mosque to Sunan Kalijaga.
Sejarah Banten is a Javanese chronicle containing stories of conversion to Islam in Indonesia. The manuscripts of the chronicle date from the late 19th century, although two are known to be copies written from the originals in the 1730s and 1740s.
Sunan Muria is, according to the Babad Tanah Jawi manuscripts, one of the Wali Sanga involved in propagating Islam in Indonesia.
Sunan Drajat was born in 1470 CE. He was one of the Wali Songo or "nine Saints", along with his father Sunan Ampel and his brother Sunan Bonang.
Ali al-Uraydi ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq, better known simply as Ali al-Uraydi, was the son of Ja'far al-Sadiq and the brother of Isma'il, Musa al-Kazim, Abdullah al-Aftah, and Muhammad Al-Dibaj. He was known by the title al-Uraydi, because he lived in an area called Urayd, about 4 miles from Medina. He was also known by the nickname Abu al-Hasan.
Sunan Giri Mosque is located near Gresik about 45 kilometres from the Indonesian city of Surabaya. Its pavilion shelters the tomb of Sunan Giri, one of the nine Muslim saints of Java, and like the tombs of the other wali sanga, it is a significant and highly auspicious pilgrimage point. This site is often referred to as Giri Kedaton.
Pangeran Pekik was a Javanese prince, and son of the last Duke of Surabaya, Jayalengkara. After the Mataram conquest of Surabaya, he was forced to live in Mataram court. He was executed in 1659 under the orders of Mataram's King Amangkurat I, who suspected him of conspiracy.
Islam is the most common religion in the Indonesian province of East Java, embraced by 96.7% of the whole population. Throughout its history, East Java has been considered one of the heartlands of Islam in Indonesia; the province experienced one of the earliest proliferations of Islam, as well as the establishment of the largest Islamic mass organization in Indonesia, Nahdlatul Ulama.
Panembahan Senapati, formally styled Panembahan Senapati ing Ngalaga Sayyidin Panatagama, was the founder of the Mataram Sultanate.
Sunan Dalem, whose real name was Sheikh Maulana Zaenal Abidin, is a Wali propagator of Islam from Gresik, East Java. He has been known as the successor to the second Sultanate of Giri Kedaton since 1506 after his father Sunan Giri died. Sunan Dalem's role in the spread of Islam included the construction of a mosque with a three-story roof, which is now called the Tiban Mosque. He died in 1545, but the unique tradition of eating Chicken compote during the 23rd of Ramadan (Sanggiring) inherited from Sunan Dalem is still carried out by the local community now.
Giri Kedaton was an Islamic kedatuan located in Gresik, East Java and existed in the 15th to 17th centuries, until Giri was conquered by the Mataram Sultanate in 1636.
