Washington Avenue Historic District (Cedarburg, Wisconsin)

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Washington Avenue Historic District
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Washington House Inn
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Washington Avenue Historic District (Cedarburg, Wisconsin)
Interactive map showing the location of Washington Avenue Historic District
LocationRoughly bounded by Elm St., Cedar Creek, Hamilton Rd., and Washington Ave., Cedarburg, Wisconsin
Coordinates 43°18′1″N87°59′16″W / 43.30028°N 87.98778°W / 43.30028; -87.98778
Area28 acres (11 ha)
ArchitectMultiple
Architectural style Greek Revival, Italianate, Queen Anne style architecture in the United States. Many buildings are in the Commercial Vernacular style.
NRHP reference No. 86000218 [1]
Added to NRHPJanuary 17, 1986

Washington Avenue Historic District is the historic center of Cedarburg, Wisconsin, the location of the early industry and commerce that was key to the community's development. The historic district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1986. [2] [1]

Contents

The district has 80 contributing buildings and one contributing structure in a 28 acres (11 ha) area. Many of the buildings in this district that were built between the 1840s and the early 1900s were built out of locally mined limestone and fieldstone. Of these buildings, many are in vernacular style, but three other architectural styles are represented: Greek Revival, Italianate, and Queen Anne. [2] [3]

The district includes the Hilgen and Wittenberg Woolen Mills and Cedarburg Mill, which are listed separately on the NRHP.

Background

In 1842 Ludwig Groth bought land that would become the village of Cedarburg and in 1844 platted the village. Fredrick Hilgen arrived after 1845 [4] and built a gristmill on Cedar Creek. Over the years, and with business partners, Hilgen also started a sawmill, a planing factory, and a woolen mill. In 1870 the Milwaukee and Northern Railway arrived, opening up new markets. In 1885 the city of Cedarburg incorporated. [2]

Some Pivotal Buildings

The Hilgen and Wittenberg Woolen Mill and the Cedarburg Mill are separately entered in the NRHP. These are also considered "pivotal" by the NRHP nomination:

Kuhefuss House Kuhefuss.jpg
Kuhefuss House
Stagecoach Inn Stagecoach Inn, Cedarburg.jpg
Stagecoach Inn
Lincoln Public School The Lincoln Building.JPG
Lincoln Public School
Cedarburg High School The Washington Building.JPG
Cedarburg High School
A Cedarburg landmark plaque Cedarburg Landmark.jpg
A Cedarburg landmark plaque

Lincoln and Washington Buildings

The Lincoln and Washington buildings were built to be used as public schools. The Lincoln building, constructed in 1894, was originally intended to serve grades one through twelve, but as a result of the growing population of Cedarburg, a high school was built not far from the Lincoln Building. This building, named the Washington Building, was constructed in 1908. The Lincoln Building then only served first through eighth graders. Later the first though fifth graders were moved to the Hacker Building, just west and south along the school campus playground. In 1956, when the high school, was moved to its current location, and grades four and five occupied the Washington Building, with grades six through eight housed in the Lincoln Building. The grade school complex included a red brick gymnasium facing on Washington Ave. Eventually a new elementary school was built, the Westlawn Elementary School. The middle school, serving sixth and seventh graders, took over the Washington and Hacker buildings and still controlled the Lincoln building and the gymnasium. Sixth graders were taught in the Hacker building. The seventh grade was divided into two groups. One group went to the Lincoln Building, the other to the Washington building. Students at both schools shared the gymnasium. In 1973, the middle school was moved to Webster Transitional School. The Lincoln and Washington buildings were renovated in 1987. The Washington building is now the Cedarburg City Hall and the Lincoln building is now the Cedarburg Senior Center. [36] [37] The Hacker building is now an apartment complex. [38]

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References

  1. 1 2 "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places . National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Charles Causier; Dorathy Steele (February 6, 1985). "NRHP Inventory/Nomination: Washington Avenue Historic District". National Park Service . Retrieved March 15, 2017. With 18 photos
  3. "Washington Avenue Historic District - Wisconsin Historical Markers on". Waymarking.com. Retrieved May 4, 2022.
  4. nrhpinventory1985doc
  5. "Cedarburg Brewery Complex". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 2012. Retrieved March 18, 2017.
  6. "08 Stone House Tour - Cedarburg".
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  13. "Hendschel and Jochem Bldg". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 2012. Retrieved March 18, 2017.
  14. "St. Francis Borgia Catholic Church". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 2012. Retrieved March 16, 2017.
  15. "Louis M. Hoehn Furniture Store and House". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 2012. Retrieved March 16, 2017.
  16. "Groth Brother's Hardware Co/Bruss General Store". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 2012. Retrieved March 15, 2017.
  17. "Lehmann Brothers Hardware Store". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 2012. Retrieved March 15, 2017.
  18. "Hoffman's Meat Market". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 2012. Retrieved March 18, 2017.
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  22. "William H. Schroeder House". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 2012. Retrieved March 18, 2017.
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  24. "*** #1 Cedarburg, WI Hotel on TripAdvisor *** Washington House Inn" (PDF).
  25. "Leopold E Jochem House". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 2012. Retrieved March 18, 2017.
  26. "Lincoln Public School". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 2012. Retrieved March 18, 2017.
  27. "Senior Center". City of Cedarburg. Retrieved March 18, 2017.
  28. "John Nieman House". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 2012. Retrieved March 16, 2017.
  29. "Cedarburg City Hall". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 2012. Retrieved March 18, 2017.
  30. "Cedarburg High School". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 2012. Retrieved March 18, 2017.
  31. "City Clerk's Office". City of Cedarburg. Retrieved March 18, 2017.
  32. "John Armbruster Jewelry Store". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 2012. Retrieved March 15, 2017.
  33. "Cedarburg State Bank". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 2012. Retrieved March 16, 2017.
  34. "English Lutheran Church". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 2012. Retrieved March 15, 2017.
  35. "Wadham's Gas Station". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 2012. Retrieved March 16, 2017.
  36. "Ozaukee County, Wisconsin - Cedarburg 1946 - 1964 - Cedarburg High School". www.co.ozaukee.wi.us. Archived from the original on October 19, 2003.
  37. "Ozaukee County, Wisconsin - Cedarburg 1946 - 1964 - Cedarburg Grade School". www.co.ozaukee.wi.us. Archived from the original on October 19, 2003.
  38. "Ozaukee County, Wisconsin - Cedarburg 1946 - 1964 - Henry Hacker". www.co.ozaukee.wi.us. Archived from the original on May 17, 2004.