Royal Brunei Armed Forces

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Royal Brunei Armed Forces
Angkatan Bersenjata Diraja Brunei
Armed Forces of Brunei Emblem.png
Royal Brunei Armed Forces badge
War Flag of Brunei.svg
Brunei Darussalam ensign
Founded31 May 1961;62 years ago (1961-05-31), as Brunei Malay Regiment [1]
Current form1 January 1984;40 years ago (1984-01-01) [1]
Service branches Flag of Royal Brunei Land Forces.svg  Royal Brunei Land Force
Naval Ensign of Brunei.svg  Royal Brunei Navy
Ensign of the Royal Brunei Air Force.svg  Royal Brunei Air Force
Headquarters Bolkiah Garrison, Bandar Seri Begawan, Berakas 'A', BB3510, Brunei Darussalam [2]
Website MinDef.gov.bn
Leadership
Supreme Commander F.Mshl Hassanal Bolkiah
Minister of Defence F.Mshl Hassanal Bolkiah
Minister of
Defence II 		Halbi Mohd Yussof
Commander M.Gen Haszaimi Bol Hassan
Armed Forces Sergeant Major WO.1 Rosleen bin Tujoh [3]
Personnel
Military age18
Conscription no
Active personnel7,200 [4]
Reserve personnel 700 [4]
Expenditure
Budget Increase2.svg B$796.3 million (2024/25) [5]
Percent of GDP 4.5% (2006)
Industry
Foreign suppliersFlag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada
Flag of France.svg  France
Flag of Germany.svg  Germany
Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia
Flag of Italy.svg  Italy
Flag of Japan.svg  Japan
Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands
Flag of Singapore.svg  Singapore
Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea
Flag of Spain.svg  Spain
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom
Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Related articles
Ranks Military ranks of Brunei
Ministry of Defence Brunei Darussalam headquarters MOD of Brunei.JPG
Ministry of Defence Brunei Darussalam headquarters

The Royal Brunei Armed Forces (RBAF); Malay : Angkatan Bersenjata Diraja Brunei, (ABDB), [1] is the collective term for all of the military forces or service branches of the sultanate of Brunei Darussalam. The RBAF consists of three primary military branches; the Royal Brunei Land Force (RBLF / TDDB), the Royal Brunei Navy (RBN / TLDB), and the Royal Brunei Air Force (RBAirF / TUDB).

Contents

The absolute head of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces is the Supreme Commander, and is held by the Sultan of Brunei, its incumbent is Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah, holding the rank of field marshal (FM). Its professional head is known as the Commander of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces, with the rank of major general (M.Gen), currently held by Haszaimi Bol Hassan. The RBAF / ABDB are controlled and managed by the Ministry of Defence Brunei Darussalam, officially abbreviated MinDef, from their headquarters within Bolkiah Garrison.

The forerunner to the Royal Brunei Armed Forces (the Brunei Malay Regiment) were formed on 31 May 1961;62 years ago, [1] with British military support, and has continued to include officers on loan from the British military. [6] 31 May is annually marked as Armed Forces Day. [7]

Name

Upon inception, the Royal Brunei Armed Forces were originally known as the Brunei Malay Regiment (Askar Melayu Brunei, AMB). On 31 May 1965;58 years ago, the word 'Diraja' (Malay for 'Royal') was added to the title, hence it became known as the Royal Brunei Malay Regiment (Askar Melayu Diraja Brunei, AMDB). It finally adopted its current name on 1 January 1984;40 years ago, that is on the day Brunei Darussalam was granted independence from the United Kingdom. [1]

Organisation

Service branches

Overseen by RBAF Joint Force Headquarters (Malay : Markas Angkatan Bersama ABDB) headquartered at Bolkiah Garrison, [2] the Royal Brunei Armed Forces consists of three primary service branches operating within the sovereign nation of Brunei Darussalam.

Royal Brunei Land Force

The Royal Brunei Land Force (RBLF) (Malay: Tentera Darat Diraja Brunei – TDDB), is a brigade-sized army formation. Headquartered at Berakas Garrison, [2] it consists of three operational battalions (First Battalion RBLF, Second Battalion RBLF, and Third Battalion RBLF), along with a fourth Support Battalion RBLF. The role of the Royal Brunei Land Force is to maintain the security of Brunei Darussalam, and to defend the sovereignty of the country. Its main responsibility is to oppose any threat from within or outside the country, and to maintain peace and security in the country. [8] The Royal Brunei Land Force is the largest of the three armed service branches of Brunei Darussalam.

Royal Brunei Navy

The Royal Brunei Navy (RBN) (Malay: Tentera Laut Diraja Brunei – TLDB), is the naval defence force of Brunei Darrussalam. It is a small, but relatively well-equipped force, whose main responsibility is to conduct search and rescue (SAR) missions, and to deter and defend the Brunei sovereign waters against attack mounted by sea-borne forces. [9] Headquartered at Muara Naval Base, [2] as of 2023, the Royal Brunei Navy has an operational inventory of twenty ships or similar surface vessels; the RBN does not operate any submarines or submersibles.

Royal Brunei Air Force

The Royal Brunei Air Force (RBAirF) (Malay: Tentera Udara Diraja Brunei – TUDB), is a small, primarily helicopter-based air force, which is tasked with supporting the other branches of the armed services, defending Bruneian air space, and carrying out search and rescue (SAR) operations. It was originally created in 1965;59 years ago, as the Air Wing of the Royal Brunei Malay Regiment (Malay: Askar Melayu Diraja Brunei – AMDB, the forerunner of today's Royal Brunei Armed Forces, RBAF), and was established as an independent air force; the Royal Brunei Air Force on 1 October 1991;32 years ago. Headquartered at Royal Brunei Air Force Base, Rimba, [2] the RBAirF main inventory consists of a range of rotary-wing helicopters; formerly ten Bell 212, four Sikorsky S-70A-14 (now transferred to the Royal Malaysian Air Force), and a solitary Bell 214ST. The Bell 212s were replaced between 2013 and 2015 by twelve Poland-manufactured Sikorsky S-70i Blackhawks [10] [11] Two Bell 206 helicopters are used for rotary-wing training. [11]

In 2023, the Royal Brunei Air Force fixed-wing inventory was limited to four Swiss-built Pilatus PC-7 Mk.II turboprop tandem-seat training aircraft (three of which are also used by the Alap-Alap Formation aerobatic display team), and a solitary Indonesian-built IPTN CN 235-110M aerial transport aircraft. [12] On 14 July 2014, the Commander of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces announced plans to order the Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules in the near future, [13] though this never materialised. Subsequently, an order for four new Airbus C295MW was placed in December 2022 with European manufacturer Airbus Defence and Space; [5] [14] the first being accepted in December 2023, and the first two arriving at Rimba in January 2024. [15] [16] As of January 2024, the Royal Brunei Air Force operates twenty-two manned aircraft [11] and four unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV).

Support Services

The former Support Services of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces (RBAF) had the responsibility of providing support services to units within the RBAF, in all aspects pertaining to their administration, security, health, logistics, communication, transportation, and technical equipment service support. The Support Services of the RBAF also worked closely with other units of all service branches in the Royal Brunei Armed Forces to undergo and help co-ordinate military training and operations. As part of the reorganisation of the RBAF, the Support Services was disbanded in early 2009, and its various units were relocated. [17]

Bands

The Royal Brunei Armed Forces Band was established on 31 May 1962;61 years ago, at Port Dickson in Malaysia. It originally had twenty-one members, and was then badged as the regimental band of the Brunei Malay Regiment. On 1 January 1984;40 years ago, Major Haji Manaf bin Kamis became the first local musician to be appointed Director of Music. Kamis was the judge at a competition which chose the official anthem of ASEAN. Since 2003, the band has been led by Major Awg Jaya bin Metussin. Along with its official military engagements, it has participated in events such as the Edinburgh Military Tattoo, the Brunei Darussalam International Tattoo, and the Berlin Military Music Festival. [18] The RBAF Band first participated in the Hari Merdeka celebrations and the Kuala Lumpur International Tattoo in Malaysia in 2007, and has since become a regular participant. [19]

The 2nd and 3rd Battalion Royal Brunei Land Force Pipes and Drums are also part of the larger RBAF Band, and are more modelled on those of the British Army Brigade of Gurkhas, which has a battalion stationed in rotation in Brunei Darussalam. Bands are also maintained in the Royal Brunei Navy and the Royal Brunei Air Force. [20]

Affiliated to the RBAF Band is the Band of the Armed Forces Military Cadet Corps.

Training establishments

Training Institute Royal Brunei Armed Forces badge Training Institute of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces Emblem.png
Training Institute Royal Brunei Armed Forces badge

The Royal Brunei Armed Forces is supported by two permanent training establishments. Each service branch also have their own specialist training schools. [21]

Training Institute

The Training Institute Royal Brunei Armed Forces (TI RBAF), Malay: Institut Latihan ABDB, is also known as the Military Training Institution. Headquartered at and based within Penanjong Garrison, at Pekan Tutong in the Tutong district, TA2741, [2] the TI RBAF conducts basic military training to all new recruits to the Royal Brunei Armed Forces. Other military courses are also offered and conducted in the institution to personnel of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces. [22]

Defence Academy

The Royal Brunei Armed Forces Defence Academy (RBAF DA), Malay: Akademi Pertahanan ABDB, is headquartered and located at Kampong Tanah Jambu, Mentiri, in the Brunei–Muara district, BU1129. [2] It provides initial officer training (IOT) to all prospective persons seeking to be a commissioned officer in the Royal Brunei Armed Forces. The Defence Academy also offers Staff Officer courses, along with seminars and further learning to commissioned officers who have been promoted to senior officer ranks.

Recruitment

Only Bruneian citizens of the Malay ethnicity (Bumiputera) are allowed to enlist in the Royal Brunei Armed Forces. [23] The Malay ethnicity comprises the Belait, Bisaya, Brunei, Dusun, Kedayan, Murut, and Tutong indigenous races, as defined in the Constitution of Brunei Darussalam. [24] [25] Military service is not compulsory for any segment of the population; there is no conscription. Both women and men work equally in the military. [26]

Cadets

There are two separate types of cadet in Brunei Darussalam which are linked or affiliated to the Royal Brunei Armed Forces; both with seemingly similar names.

The Royal Brunei Armed Forces (RBAF) Military Cadet should not be confused with the RBAF Military Cadets of Higher Institutions (not officially members, from the University Islam Sultan Sharif Ali, University Brunei Darussalam, Institute Technology Brunei, and Brunei Polytechnic) despite sharing the same name. The two are visually identified by the uniforms they wear; the higher institutions wear the older disruptive pattern material (DMP) woodland camouflage, while the official Military cadets wear the newer multi-scale digital camouflage. [27]

Equipment and operations

The Royal Brunei Armed Forces (RBAF) use a wide range of foreign-procured equipment across all three service branches; with a large percentage originating from the United Kingdom, France/Europe, and the United States of America.

The Bruneian military in its post-independence form lacks any combat experience. However, it has been deployed regionally in humanitarian and peacekeeping missions; notably, since 2004, the Royal Brunei Armed Forces have formed part of the peacekeeping mission in Mindanao, the Philippines. [28] Brunei continues to maintain extensive military relations with the United Kingdom, with British Forces Brunei permanently based in the sultanate since its independence by invitation. Furthermore, the Sultan of Brunei Darussalam, Hassanal Bolkiah, is an honorary air chief marshal of the Royal Air Force, and an honorary admiral of the Royal Navy, [29] and also an honorary admiral of the Republic of Singapore Navy.

On 6 May 2023, as part of the Commonwealth of Nations, ten members of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces took part in the 6,000-strong royal parade in London, England, to celebrate the Coronation of King Charles III. [30]

31 May is the Armed Forces Day of Brunei Darussalam, which celebrates the founding of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces. It is an annual national holiday, and the events on the day include military parade in front of the Sultan, and public exhibition of its equipment and armament. On 31 May 2011;12 years ago, Royal Brunei Armed Forces celebrated its golden jubilee.

See also

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References

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  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Ministry of Defence (MINDEF) – Addresses". MinDef.gov.bn. Bolkiah Garrison, Bandar Seri Begawan, BB3510: Defence Information Technology Unit, Ministry of Defence, BB3510, Brunei Darussalam. n.d. Retrieved 16 May 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
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  4. 1 2 The Military Balance 2023 . London, England: International Institute for Strategic Studies, Routledge. 15 February 2023. p. 234. ISBN   978-1032508955.
  5. 1 2 Han, Shareen (2 March 2024). "Defence spending to reach record high of $796 million – MinDef will raise its budget by 28% in 2024/25 financial year". TheScoop.co. Bandar Seri Begawan: Scoop Media. Retrieved 12 May 2024.
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  16. ↑ "Acceptance and signing ceremony for the Customer Acceptance Test Certificate for the first C295MW aircraft of the Royal Brunei Air Force in San Pablo, Seville, Spain". MinDef.gov.bn. Seville, Spain: Royal Brunei Air Force, Ministry of Defence Brunei Darussalam. 19 December 2023. Archived from the original on 2 January 2024. Retrieved 12 May 2024.
  17. ↑ "Royal Brunei Armed Forces Support Services". MinDef.gov.bn. Defence Information Technology Unit, Ministry of Defence Brunei Darussalam. Archived from the original on 28 April 2007. Retrieved 20 April 2007.
  18. ↑ "Royal Brunei Armed Forces Band - Ministry of Defence". yumpu.com.
  19. ↑ "RBAF Band to perform at KL International Tattoo". MinDef.gov.bn. Bolkiah Garrison, Bandar Seri Begawan, BB3510, Brunei Darussalam: Defence Information Technology Unit, Ministry of Defence Brunei Darussalam. 1 October 2014. Archived from the original on 3 July 2020. Retrieved 12 May 2024.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  20. ↑ "Royal Brunei Navy receives new Commander". Navy.MinDef.gov.bn. Muara Naval Base, Brunei Darussalam: Royal Brunei Navy, Defence Information Technology Unit, Ministry of Defence Brunei Darussalam. 28 February 2014. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  21. ↑ "Titah KDYMM Sempena Sambutan Hari Ulang Tahun Angkatan Bersenjata Diraja Brunei Ke-62 Tahun" [Order of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces in conjunction with the 62nd Anniversary of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces]. MoRA.gov.bn (in Malay). Berakas BB3910, Brunei Darussalam: Ministry of Religious Affairs. 31 May 2023. Retrieved 17 May 2024. Kursus-kursus dan program yang dijalankan di Akademi Pertahanan Institut Latihan ABDB, Sekolah-sekolah Latihan Tentera Darat, Tentera Laut, dan Tentera Udara telah memperolehi pengiktirafan kebangsaan dan antarabangsa... Pada tahun ini sahaja, Sekolah Pegawai Kadet Akademi Pertahanan, Sekolah Infantri Tentera Darat Diraja Brunei dan Pusat Latihan Tentera Laut Diraja Brunei telah menerima penuntut daripada luar negara buat pertama kalinya.[The courses and programmes conducted at the ABDB Training Institute, Defence Academy, Army, Navy, and Air Force Training Schools have gained national and international recognition... This year alone, the Defence Academy Cadet Officer School, the Royal Brunei Army Infantry School, and the Royal Brunei Navy Training Centre have accepted students from abroad for the first time.]{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  22. ↑ "Royal Brunei Armed Forces Training Institute". MinDef.gov.bn. Defence Information Technology Unit, Ministry of Defence Brunei Darussalam. Archived from the original on 19 July 2007. Retrieved 20 April 2007.
  23. ↑ "Military record, Brunei". travel.state.gov. Archived from the original on 18 April 2007. Retrieved 20 April 2007.
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  25. ↑ "Brunei: the abode of peace". Hawaii.edu. Archived from the original on 13 September 2006. Retrieved 20 April 2007.
  26. ↑ "MINDEF – Pengambilan Rekrut Wanita" [MINDEF – Military Recruitment (Female)]. MinDef.gov.bn. Bolkiah Garrison, BB3510: Defence Information Technology Unit, Ministry of Defence Brunei Darussalam. n.d. Retrieved 17 May 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  27. ↑ "Higher Institutions Military Cadets Battle at shooting competition". MinDef.gov.bn. Berakas Garrison, Brunei Darussalam: Defence Information Technology Unit, Ministry of Defence Brunei Darussalam. 12 September 2014. Retrieved 12 May 2024.
  28. ↑ "Brunei deploys 16th International Monitoring Team to Mindanao". DFA.gov.ph. Bolkiah Garrison, Bandar Seri Begawan, BB3510, Brunei Darussalam: Department of Foreign Affairs, Republic of the Philippines. 13 September 2019. Retrieved 4 March 2023.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  29. ↑ The Air Force list, 2006. United Kingdom: TSO. 2006. ISBN   0-11-773038-6. OCLC   655307582.
  30. ↑ "Berita Parajurit, vol 9 – His Majesty King Charles III, coronation grand procession" (PDF). MinDef.gov.bn. Bolkiah Garrison, Bandar Seri Begawan, BB3510, Brunei Darussalam: Defence Information Technology Unit, Ministry of Defence Brunei Darussalam. 31 May 2023. pp. 32–33. Retrieved 8 January 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

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