List of prime ministers of Iran

Last updated

Mirza Ali Asghar Khan Atabak.jpg
Mohammad Ali Foroughi.jpg
PM Amir Abbas Hoveyda.jpg
Mir-Hossein Mousavi in 1988.jpg

The office of Prime Minister of Iran was established in 1906 during the Persian Constitutional Revolution, and existed until 1989 when the office was abolished after a constitutional referendum. The prime minister was the head of government of Iran.

Contents

Ali Asghar Khan was the first and Mir-Hossein Mousavi was the last prime minister of Iran. Before the Constitutional Revolution, the head of government was called Grand Vizier (Sadr-e A'zam or Vazir-e A'zam).

List of officeholders

Political party key
   Democrats
  Military
No.PortraitName
(Birth–Death)
Term of officePolitical party Head of state
(Reign / Term)
Took officeLeft officeTime in office
State flag of Persia (1907-1933).svg Sublime State of Persia (1907–1925) • Imperial Emblem of the Qajar Dynasty (Lion and Sun).svg
Nasrullah Moshir al-Dowleh.jpg Moshir al-Dowleh
مشیرالدوله
(1840–1907)
Absence of legal government [lower-alpha 1]
3 Desamber 19067 March 1907218 days Independent Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar
Mozaffar-ed-Din Shah Qajar - 1.jpg
(1896–1907)
Moshir al-Dowleh held the office at the time of death of Mozaffar al-Din Shah and accession of Mohammad Ali Shah, on 3 January 1907. Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar
Mohammad Ali Shah.jpg
(1907–1909)
Sultan@li xan V@ziri-@fx@m.jpg Soltan-Ali Vazir-e Afkham
سلطان‌علی وزیر افخم
(1862–1914)
Acting Prime Minister [lower-alpha 2]
17 March 190729 April 190743 days Independent
1 Mirza Ali Asghar Khan Atabak.jpg Ali-Asghar Khan Atabak
علی اصغر خان اتابک
(1858–1907)
4 May 190731 August 1907
(assassinated)
119 days Independent
2 Ahmad Moshir al-Saltaneh.jpg Ahmad Moshir al-Saltaneh
احمد مشیرالسلطنه
(1844–1918)
16 September 190727 October 190741 days Independent
3 Abolqasem.jpg Abolqasem Naser ol-Molk
ابوالقاسم ناصرالملک
(1856–1927)
27 October 190721 December 190755 days Independent
4 Nezam al-Saltaneh Mafi.png Hossein-Qoli Nezam al-Saltaneh Mafi
حسینقلی نظام السلطنه مافی
(1832–1908)
21 December 190721 May 1908152 days Independent
(2) Ahmad Moshir al-Saltaneh.jpg Ahmad Moshir al-Saltaneh
احمد مشیرالسلطنه
(1844–1918)
7 June 190829 April 1909326 days Independent
Kamran Mirza.jpg Kamran Mirza Nayeb al-Saltaneh
کامران میرزا نایب السلطنه
(1856–1929)

Absence of legal government

29 April 19092 May 19093 days Independent
Javad Sa'd al-Dowleh.jpg Javad Sa'd al-Dowleh
جواد سعدالدوله
(1856–1930)
Acting Prime Minister
8 May 190913 July 1909
(deposed)
66 days Independent
Interim Cabinet without Prime Minister
کابینه موقت بدون نخست وزیر
(Appointed by Supreme Council of Politicians and Clergymen)
17 July 190930 September 190975 days Ahmad Shah Qajar
AhmadShahQajar2.jpg
(1909–1925)
9 Sepahsalar-e Azam-e Tonekaboni.jpg Mohammad Vali Khan Tonekaboni
محمد ولی خان تنکابنی
(1848–1926)
30 September 190925 July 1910298 days Moderate Socialists
10 Hassan Mostowfi al-Mamalek.jpg Mostowfi ol-Mamalek
مستوفی‌الممالک
(1875–1932)
25 July 191012 March 1911230 days Democrats
(9) Sepahsalar-e Azam-e Tonekaboni.jpg Mohammad Vali Khan Tonekaboni
محمد ولی خان تنکابنی
(1848–1926)
12 March 191126 July 1911136 days Moderate Socialists
11 Samsam Saltaneh.jpg Najaf-Qoli Khan Bakhtiari
نجف‌قلی‌خان بختیاری
(1846–1930)
26 July 19111913c.2 years Moderate Socialists
12 Mohammad-Ali Ala al-Saltaneh.jpg Mohammad-Ali Ala ol-Saltaneh
محمدعلی علاءالسلطنه
(1829–1918)
18 January 191316 August 1913210 days Independent
(10) Hassan Mostowfi al-Mamalek.jpg Mostowfi ol-Mamalek
مستوفی‌الممالک
(1875–1932)
17 August 191314 March 19151 year, 209 days Democrats
13 Hassan Pirnia.jpg Hassan Pirnia
حسن پیرنیا
(1871–1935)
14 March 19151 May 191548 days Moderate Socialists
14 Ein-oddole.jpg Abdol Majid Mirza
عبدالمجید میرزا
(1845–1927)
1 May 191518 August 1915109 days Independent
(10) Hassan Mostowfi al-Mamalek.jpg Mostowfi ol-Mamalek
مستوفی‌الممالک
(1875–1932)
18 August 191524 December 1915128 days Democrats
15 Abdol-Hossein Farmanfarma.jpg Abdol-Hossein Mirza Farman Farma
عبدالحسين ميرزا فرمانفرما
(1857–1939)
24 December 191529 February 191667 days Moderate Socialists
(9) Mohammad Vali Khan Tonekaboni.jpg Mohammad Vali Khan Tonekaboni
محمد ولی خان تنکابنی
(1848–1926)
5 March 191629 August 1916177 days Moderate Socialists
16 Vossug ed Dowleh.png Vossug ed Dowleh
وثوق‌الدوله
(1873–1950)
29 August 19165 June 1917280 days Democrats
(12) Mohammad-Ali Ala al-Saltaneh.jpg Mohammad-Ali Ala ol-Saltaneh
محمدعلی علاءالسلطنه
(1829–1918)
5 June 191721 November 1917169 days Independent
(14) Abdol Majid Mirza.jpg Abdol Majid Mirza
عبدالمجید میرزا
(1845–1927)
21 November 191716 January 191856 days Independent
(10) Mostowfi.jpg Mostowfi ol-Mamalek
مستوفی‌الممالک
(1875–1932)
16 January 19181 May 1918105 days Democrats
(11) Samsam Saltaneh.jpg Najaf-Qoli Khan Bakhtiari
نجف‌قلی‌خان بختیاری
(1846–1930)
1 May 19188 August 191899 days Moderate Socialists
(16) Hassan Vosugh.jpg Vossug ed Dowleh
وثوق‌الدوله
(1873–1950)
8 August 19183 July 19201 year, 330 days Democrats
(until 1919)
Independent
(13) Hassan Pirnia.jpg Hassan Pirnia
حسن پیرنیا
(1871–1935)
3 July 192027 October 1920116 days Independent
17 Sepahdar.jpg Fathollah Khan Akbar
فتح الله خان اکبر
(1878–1967)
27 October 192022 February 1921
(deposed)
118 days Independent
18 SeyyedZiaTabatabai.jpg Zia ol Din Tabatabaee
ضیاء الدین طباطبایی
(1889–1969)
24 February 19214 June 1921100 days Independent
19 Ahmad-qavam.jpg Qavām os-Saltaneh
قوام السلطنه
(1873–1955)
4 June 192121 January 1922231 days Reformers' Party
(13) Hassan Pirnia.jpg Hassan Pirnia
حسن پیرنیا
(1871–1935)
21 January 192222 June 1922152 days Independent
(19) Ahmad-qavam.jpg Qavām os-Saltaneh
قوام السلطنه
(1873–1955)
22 June 192215 February 1923238 days Reformers' Party
(10) Mostowfi.jpg Mostowfi ol-Mamalek
مستوفی‌الممالک
(1875–1932)
15 February 192315 June 1923120 days Revival Party
(13) Hassan Pirnia 2.jpg Hassan Pirnia
حسن پیرنیا
(1871–1935)
15 June 192326 October 1923133 days Independent
20 Reza Shah portrait.jpg Reza Khan Sardar Sepah
رضاخان سردار سپه
(1878–1944)
26 October 192312 December 1925
(became Shah)
2 years, 47 daysMilitary
State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Imperial State of Iran (1925–1979) • Imperial Coat of Arms of Iran.svg
Foroughi PM1314.jpg Mohammad Ali Foroughi
محمدعلی فروغی
(1875–1942)
Acting Prime Minister
12 December 192513 June 1926183 days Revival Party Reza Shah Pahlavi
Reza Shah portrait.jpg
(1925–1941)
(10) Mostowfi.jpg Mostowfi ol-Mamalek
مستوفی‌الممالک
(1875–1932)
13 June 19262 June 1927354 days Revival Party
21 Mehdi Qoli Hedayat.jpg Mehdi Hedayat
مهدی قلی هدایت
(1864–1955)
2 June 192718 September 19336 years, 108 days Revival Party
Independent
22 Foroughi PM1314.jpg Mohammad Ali Foroughi
محمدعلی فروغی
(1875–1942)
18 September 19333 December 19352 years, 76 days Independent
23 Mahmoud Djam 01.jpg Mahmoud Djam
محمود جم
(1880–1969)
3 December 193526 October 19393 years, 327 days Independent
24 Ahmad Matin-Daftari.jpg Ahmad Matin-Daftari
احمد متین دفتری
(1897–1971)
26 October 193926 June 1940244 days Independent
25 Mansorolmolk.jpg Ali Mansur
علی خان منصور
(1886–1974)
26 June 194027 August 1941
(resigned)
1 year, 62 days Independent
(22) Mohammad Ali Foroughi.jpg Mohammad Ali Foroughi
محمدعلی فروغی
(1875–1942)
27 August 19419 March 1942194 days Independent Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 2.jpg
(1941–1979)
26 Portrait of Ali Soheili.jpg Ali Soheili
علی سهیلی
(1896–1958)
9 March 19429 August 1942153 days Independent
(19) AhmadGhavam2.jpg Ahmad Qavam
احمد قوام
(1873–1955)
9 August 194215 February 1943190 days Independent
(26) Portrait of Ali Soheili.jpg Ali Soheili
علی سهیلی
(1896–1958)
15 February 19436 April 19441 year, 51 days Independent
27 Portrait of Mohammad Sa'ed.jpg Mohammad Sa'ed
محمد ساعد مراغه‌ای
(1881–1973)
6 April 194425 November 1944233 days Independent
28 Morteza-Qoli Bayat portrait.jpg Morteza-Qoli Bayat
مرتضی‌قلی بیات
(1890–1958)
25 November 194413 May 1945169 days Independent
29 Ebrahim Hakimi portrait.png Ebrahim Hakimi
ابراهیم حکیمی
(1871–1959)
13 May 19456 June 194524 days Independent
30 Mohsen Sadr.png Mohsen Sadr
محسن صدر
(1871–1962)
6 June 194530 October 1945146 days Independent
(29) Ebrahim Hakimi portrait.png Ebrahim Hakimi
ابراهیم حکیمی
(1871–1959)
30 October 194528 January 194690 days Independent
(19) AhmadGhavam2.jpg Ahmad Qavam
احمد قوام
(1873–1955)
28 January 194618 December 19471 year, 324 days Independent
Democrat Party of Iran
(from 29 June 1946)
31 Hekmat sardar fakher.jpg Reza Hekmat
رضا حکمت
(1891–1978)Absence of legal government
18 December 194729 December 194711 days Democrat Party of Iran
(29) Ebrahim Hakimi portrait.png Ebrahim Hakimi
ابراهیم حکیمی
(1871–1959)
29 December 194713 June 1948167 days Independent
32 Hazhir.jpg Abdolhossein Hazhir
عبدالحسین هژیر‎
(1902–1949)
13 June 19489 November 1948149 days Independent
(27) Portrait of Mohammad Sa'ed.jpg Mohammad Sa'ed
محمد ساعد مراغه‌ای
(1881–1973)
9 November 194823 March 19501 year, 134 days Independent
(25) Mansorolmolk.jpg Ali Mansur
علی خان منصور
(1886–1974)
23 March 195026 June 195095 days Independent
33 Ali-razmarapic.jpg Ali Razmara
حاجیعلی رزم‌آرا
(1901–1951)
26 June 19507 March 1951
(assassinated)
254 daysMilitary
Khalil Fahimi.jpg Khalil Fahimi
خلیل فهیمی
(1876–1953)
Acting Prime Minister
7 March 195112 March 19515 days Independent
34 Hosein Ala.jpg Hossein Ala'
حسین علاء
(1882–1964)
12 March 195127 April 195146 days Independent
35 Dr Mohammad Mosaddeq.jpg Mohammad Mosaddegh
محمد مصدق
(1882–1967)
28 April 195117 July 19521 year, 80 days National Front
(19) AhmadQhavamv2.jpg Ahmad Qavam
احمد قوام
(1873–1955)
17 July 195222 July 19525 days Independent
(35) Dr Mohammad Mosaddeq.jpg Mohammad Mosaddegh
محمد مصدق
(1882–1967)
22 July 195219 August 1953
(deposed)
1 year, 28 days National Front
36 Fazlollah zahedi.jpg Fazlollah Zahedi
فضل‌الله زاهدی
(1897–1963)
19 August 19537 April 19551 year, 231 daysMilitary
(34) Hosein Ala.jpg Hossein Ala'
حسین علاء
(1882–1964)
7 April 19553 April 19571 year, 361 days Independent
37 Manouchehr Eghbal Portrait.jpg Manouchehr Eghbal
منوچهر اقبال
(1909–1977)
3 April 195731 August 19603 years, 150 days Nationalists' Party
38 Sharif-Emami late 1950's.jpg Jafar Sharif-Emami
جعفر شریف‌امامی
(1910–1998)
31 August 19605 May 1961247 days Nationalists' Party
39 Ali Amini Portrait.jpg Ali Amini
علی امینی
(1905–1992)
5 May 196119 July 19621 year, 75 days Independent
40 Asadollah Alam portrait.jpg Asadollah Alam
اسدالله علم
(1919–1978)
19 July 19627 March 19641 year, 232 days People's Party
41 Hassan Ali Mansur portrait.jpg Hassan Ali Mansur
حسنعلی منصور
(1923–1965)
7 March 196426 January 1965
(assassinated)
325 days New Iran Party
42 Amir Abbas Hoveyda-1976.jpg Amir-Abbas Hoveyda
امیرعباس هویدا
(1919–1979)
26 January 19657 August 1977 [1] 12 years, 193 days New Iran Party
(until 1975) [2]
Rastakhiz Party
43 Jamshid Amouzegar 1977.jpg Jamshid Amouzegar
جمشید آموزگار
(1923–2016)
7 August 1977 [3] 27 August 19781 year, 20 days Rastakhiz Party
(38) Jafar Sharif-Emami portrait.jpg Jafar Sharif-Emami
جعفر شریف‌امامی
(1910–1998)
27 August 19786 November 197871 days Rastakhiz Party
(until 1 November)
Independent
44 Gholam Reza Azhari.jpg Gholam Reza Azhari
غلامرضا ازهاری
(1912–2001)
6 November 1978 [4] 4 January 197959 daysMilitary
45 Shapourbakhtiar.gif Shapour Bakhtiar
شاپور بختیار
(1914–1991)
4 January 1979 [5] 11 February 1979
(deposed)
38 days National Front
(expelled)
Flag of Iran.svg Islamic Republic of Iran (1979–present) • Emblem of Iran.svg
PM Bazargan photographed during a Television program - 1979.jpg Mehdi Bazargan
مهدی بازرگان
(1907–1995)
Acting Prime Minister
4 February 19796 November 1979
(cabinet resigned)
Sadeq Tabatabaei as Spokesman for the interim government of Iran - 1979.jpg Sadeq Tabatabaei
سید صادق طباطبایی
(1943 – 2015)
Acting Prime Minister [lower-alpha 3]
6 November 197912 August 1980 Revival Party Abolhassan Banisadr
Abolhassan Banisadr portrait 1980 2.jpg
(1933–2021)
41 Mohammad-Ali Rajai picture.jpg Mohammad-Ali Rajai
محمدعلی رجایی
(1933–1981)
12 August 19804 August 1981
42 Mohammad Javad Bahonar - 1979.jpg Mohammad-Javad Bahonar
محمدجواد باهنر
(1933–1981)
4 August 198130 August 1981
(assassinated)
Revival Party Mohammad-Ali Rajai
Mohammad-Ali Rajai picture.jpg
(1933–1981)
Mahdavi-Kani 1981.jpg Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani
محمدرضا مهدوی کنی
(1931–2014)
Acting Prime Minister
2 September 198131 October 1981 Revival Party Ali Khamenei
Portrait of Ali Khamenei, 1985 (2).jpg
(dorn 1939)
43 Mir-Hossein Mousavi in 1988.jpg Mir-Hossein Mousavi
میرحسین موسوی خامنه
(born 1942)
31 October 198114 August 19897 years, 287 days
Post abolished (14 August 1989 – present)

Timeline from 1925

Mir-Hossein MousaviMohammad-Reza Mahdavi KaniMohammad-Javad BahonarMohammad-Ali RajaiMehdi BazarganShapour BakhtiarGholam Reza AzhariJamshid AmouzegarAmir-Abbas HoveydaHassan Ali MansurAsadollah AlamAli AminiJafar Sharif-EmamiManouchehr EghbalFazlollah ZahediMohammad MosaddeghHossein Ala'Khalil FahimiHaj Ali RazmaraAbdolhossein HazhirReza HekmatMohsen SadrEbrahim HakimiMorteza-Qoli BayatMohammad Sa'edAhmad QavamAli SoheiliAli MansurMahmoud DjamMahmoud DjamMehdi HedayatMostowfi ol-MamalekMohammad Ali ForoughiList of prime ministers of Iran

See also

Notes

  1. The constitutional revolution took place during the prime ministership of Mirza Nasrallah Moshir al-Doulah, and she became the prime minister on December 30, 1906, but her government was not approved by the parliament
  2. ‌‌‌‌The parliament wanted Ali Asghar Khan Atabek to become prime minister and form a legal government, but because Atabek was abroad. The parliament entrusted the temporary prime ministership and the formation of the legal government to Sultan Ali Wazir Afkham, and after a month and a half of Atabek, he formed the prime ministership and the legal government on May 4, 1907
  3. ‌‌‌‌‌On November 6, 1979, Mehdi Bazargan and his government resigned, and Ruhullah Khomeini, the leader of Iran ordered the formation of the government to the Islamic Revolution Council (which at that time had the role of the Provisional Assembly) and then On November 17, 1979, the Revolutionary Council elected Sadegh Tabatabai as the interim prime minister, the main and official head of the government was with the heads of the Revolutionary Council, and Tabatabai did not act as the head of the government.

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Mirza Yusuf Ashtiani also known as Mostowfi ol-Mamalek was the Grand Vizier of Iran during the reign of Nasser al-Din Shah and one of the most influential members of Qajar bureaucratic system at that time. He was from the conservative faction of the Qajar court and an opponent of Mirza Hosein Khan Moshir od-Dowleh and his reforms.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Minor Tyranny</span> Period in Iranian history, 1908–1909

The Minor Tyranny was a roughly one year long period in Iranian history lasting from the bombardment of the Iranian parliament by the forces of Mohammad Ali Shah on 23 June 1908 to the capture of Tehran by the revolutionary forces on 13 July 1909. This period was marked by the executions and expulsion of many journalists and constitutionalists as an era of absolutism returned to the country.

References

  1. "IRANIAN PRIME MINISTER ANNOUNCES RESIGNATION". The New York Times. 7 August 1977. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  2. "Shah Decrees Iran a One‐Party Nation". The New York Times. 3 March 1975. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  3. "Jamshid Amouzegar Is Named to Head Iran's Government". The New York Times. 8 August 1977. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  4. Nicholas Gage (7 November 1978). "SHAH PUTS MILITARY IN CONTROL IN IRAN; U.S. ENDORSES MOVE". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  5. Nicholas Gage (7 January 1979). "BAKHTIAR INSTALLED AND SHAH DECLARES HE'LL 'TAKE A REST'". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 March 2022.

Sources