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John Ross was the Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation from 1828 to 1866;he served longer in that position than any other person. Described as the Moses of his people,Ross influenced the nation through such tumultuous events as the relocation to Indian Territory and the American Civil War.
Chadwick "Corntassel" Smith is a Native American politician and attorney who served as Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation. He was first elected in 1999. Smith was re-elected to a second term as Chief in 2003 and a third term in June 2007 with 59% of the vote. He was defeated in his attempt to get elected to a fourth term in office by Bill John Baker 54% to 46% in the 2011 election and he lost again to Baker in 2015,receiving 28% of the vote. Prior to being elected Principal Chief,he worked as a lawyer for the tribe and in private practice.
The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians (EBCI),is a federally recognized Indian tribe based in western North Carolina in the United States. They are descended from the small group of 800–1,000 Cherokee who remained in the Eastern United States after the U.S. military,under the Indian Removal Act,moved the other 15,000 Cherokee to west of the Mississippi River in the late 1830s,to Indian Territory. Those Cherokee remaining in the east were to give up tribal Cherokee citizenship and to assimilate. They became U.S. citizens.
The Treaty of New Echota was a treaty signed on December 29,1835,in New Echota,Georgia,by officials of the United States government and representatives of a minority Cherokee political faction,the Treaty Party.
Nimrod Jarrett Smith (1837–1893),also called Tsaladihi,was the fourth Principal Chief of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. He is credited with gaining approval by the North Carolina legislature for the band's incorporation as a legal entity,and for gaining federal recognition as an Indian tribe.
The Cherokee Nation,also known as the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma,is the largest of three Cherokee federally recognized tribes in the United States. It includes people descended from members of the Old Cherokee Nation who relocated,due to increasing pressure,from the Southeast to Indian Territory and Cherokee who were forced to relocate on the Trail of Tears. The tribe also includes descendants of Cherokee Freedmen,Absentee Shawnee,and Natchez Nation. As of 2023,over 450,000 people were enrolled in the Cherokee Nation.
Joyce Dugan is an American educator,school administrator,and politician;she served as the 24th Principal Chief of the federally recognized Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians (1995-1999),based in Western North Carolina. She was the first woman to be elected to this office,and as of 2024 the only one.
William Holland Thomas was an American merchant,lawyer,politician and soldier.
Charles Renatus Hicks (Cherokee) was one of the three most important leaders of his people in the early 19th century,together with James Vann and Major Ridge. The three men all had some European ancestry,as did numerous other Cherokee,but they identified as Cherokee. The people had a matrilineal kinship system,so children were considered born into their mother's family and clan.
Dennis Wolf Bushyhead was a leader in the Cherokee Nation after they had removed to Indian Territory. Born into the Wolf Clan,he was elected as Principal Chief,serving two terms,from 1879 to 1887.
The Cherokee Nation was a legal,autonomous,tribal government in North America recognized from 1794 to 1907. It was often referred to simply as "The Nation" by its inhabitants. The government was effectively disbanded in 1907,after its land rights had been extinguished,prior to the admission of Oklahoma as a state. During the late 20th century,the Cherokee people reorganized,instituting a government with sovereign jurisdiction known as the Cherokee Nation. On July 9,2020,the United States Supreme Court ruled that the Muscogee (Creek) Nation had never been disestablished in the years before allotment and Oklahoma Statehood.
Cherokee removal,part of the Trail of Tears,refers to the forced relocation between 1836 and 1839 of an estimated 16,000 members of the Cherokee Nation and 1,000–2,000 of their slaves;from their lands in Georgia,South Carolina,North Carolina,Tennessee,and Alabama to the Indian Territory in the then Western United States,and the resultant deaths along the way and at the end of the movement of an estimated 4,000 Cherokee and unknown number of slaves,although no records of these deaths have ever materialized. Many scholars believe these Indians absconded from the removal rather than died.[citation needed]
Clifford Gerard Parker,known as Gerard Parker was the 23rd Principal Chief of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians for 16 days in 1995. Prior to this,he had served as Vice Chief for six years under Jonathan L. Taylor,who was impeached after two terms. He continued to serve as Vice Chief under Joyce Dugan,who was elected in 1995.
Patrick Henry Lambert is a Native American tribal leader who served as the 27th Principal Chief of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians from 2015 to 2017. He also served as the Executive Director of the Cherokee Tribal Gaming Commission for over twenty years. Lambert was impeached on January 18,2017,and removed from office on May 25,2017.
Richard G. Sneed is the 28th Principal Chief of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. Sneed succeeded former Principal Chief Patrick Lambert following Lambert's impeachment,only the second such impeachment since the 19th century.
Chuck Hoskin Jr. is a Cherokee Nation politician and attorney currently serving as the Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation since 2019. He was re-elected to a second term in the 2023 Cherokee Nation principal chief election.
The 2023 United States elections were held,in large part,on Tuesday,November 7,2023. The off-year election included gubernatorial and state legislative elections in a few states,as well as numerous citizen initiatives,mayoral races,and a variety of other local offices on the ballot. At least three special elections to the United States Congress were scheduled as either deaths or vacancies arose. The Democratic Party retained control of the governorship in Kentucky,flipped the Wisconsin Supreme Court and held a seat on the Pennsylvania Supreme Court,gained six seats in the New Jersey General Assembly,and won back unified control of the Virginia General Assembly,while Republicans also flipped the governorship in Louisiana and narrowly retained Mississippi's governorship. The election cycle also saw Ohio voting to enshrine abortion rights in the state constitution and legalize cannabis for recreational use. The results were widely seen as a success for the Democratic Party.
Referendum Question #2,the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians Marijuana Legalization Measure,was a ballot measure in the US that was sent to voters on September 7,2023,by the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians Tribal Council. The proposal sought to legalize the recreational use of cannabis on tribal lands for those over the age of 21,and to require the EBCI Tribal Council to adopt legislation to regulate legal cannabis.
George Wickliffe was a Cherokee politician who served as the Principal Chief of the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians from 2005 until 2016. In 2016,Wickliffe was impeached and removed from office on charges of financial impropriety using tribal funds and signing contracts without the authorization of the tribal council.
References
- ↑ "Hicks wins fourth term as Cherokee chief". Smoky Mountain News . Retrieved 2024-01-04.
- ↑ "Hicks voted in again as Principal Chief of Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, defeating incumbent Sneed". WLOS . Retrieved 2024-01-04.
- ↑ "Mental Etiquette of a Leader" (PDF). United South and Eastern Tribes, Inc. Retrieved 2024-01-04.
- 1 2 "Principal Chief Michell Hicks". Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians . Retrieved 2024-01-04.
- ↑ "Hicks, Tribal Council sworn in as new Eastern Band of Cherokee leaders". Blue Ridge Public Radio . Retrieved 2024-01-13.