PTPN21

PTPN21
Identifiers
Aliases	PTPN21 , PTPD1, PTPRL10, protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 21, protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 21
External IDs	OMIM: 603271 MGI: 1344406 HomoloGene: 5110 GeneCards: PTPN21
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 14 (human)
End	88,555,007 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 12 (mouse)
End	98,703,664 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	secondary oocyte; ; lower lobe of lung; ; skin of abdomen; ; right lung; ; right ventricle; ; lactiferous duct; ; sural nerve; ; right coronary artery; ; left lobe of thyroid gland; ; germinal epithelium;
	Top expressed in
	secondary oocyte; ; sciatic nerve; ; extraocular muscle; ; cardiac muscles; ; internal carotid artery; ; quadriceps femoris muscle; ; triceps brachii muscle; ; ankle; ; vastus lateralis muscle; ; Paneth cell;
	More reference expression data
	; ; ; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	phosphoprotein phosphatase activity ; hydrolase activity ; phosphatase activity ; protein binding ; protein tyrosine phosphatase activity ;
Cellular component	cytoplasm ; cytoskeleton ;
Biological process	protein dephosphorylation ; dephosphorylation ; peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation ;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	11099
	24000
	ENSG00000070778
	ENSMUSG00000021009
	Q16825
	Q62136
	NM_007039
	NM_001146199 ; NM_011877
	NP_008970
	n/a
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Last updated January 17, 2024

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 21 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN21 gene.^[5]^[6]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP contains an N-terminal domain, similar to cytoskeletal- associated proteins including band 4.1, ezrin, merlin, and radixin. This PTP was shown to specially interact with BMX/ETK, a member of Tec tyrosine kinase family characterized by a multimodular structures including PH, SH3, and SH2 domains. The interaction of this PTP with BMX kinase was found to increase the activation of STAT3, but not STAT2 kinase. Studies of the similar gene in mice suggested the possible roles of this PTP in liver regeneration and spermatogenesis.^[6]

Interactions

PTPN21 has been shown to interact with BMX ^[7] and KIF1C.^[8]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PTPN11</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 11 (PTPN11) also known as protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1D (PTP-1D), Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-2 (SHP-2), or protein-tyrosine phosphatase 2C (PTP-2C) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN11 gene. PTPN11 is a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) Shp2.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3, also known as p44MAPK and ERK1, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAPK3 gene.

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6, also known as Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN6 gene.

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 12 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN12 gene.

Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPRA gene.

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 13 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN13 gene.

Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the PTPRF gene.

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN2 gene.

Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPRE gene.

Cytoplasmic tyrosine-protein kinase BMX is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BMX gene.

Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase eta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPRJ gene.

Serine/threonine-protein kinase N2 is an enzyme that in humans and Strongylocentrotus purpuratus is encoded by the PKN2 gene.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN7 gene.

Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase S, also known as R-PTP-S, R-PTP-sigma, or PTPσ, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPRS gene.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type R is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPRR gene.

Proline-serine-threonine phosphatase-interacting protein 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PSTPIP1 gene.

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 18 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN18 gene.

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN3 gene.

Kinesin-like protein KIF1C is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIF1C gene. Kif1C is a fast, plus-end directed microtubule motor. It takes processive 8nm steps along microtubules and can generate forces of up to 5 pN. Kif1C transports α5β1-integrins in human cells. Kif1C has been shown to be non-essential in mouse with other proteins able to perform the same function. However, mutations in KIF1C lead to spastic paraplegia and cerebellar dysfunction in humans. These mutations usually result in a total loss of the protein or (partial) loss of function, such as significant lower force output.

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN4 gene.

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000070778 - Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021009 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ Møller NP, Møller KB, Lammers R, Kharitonenkov A, Sures I, Ullrich A (Sep 1994). "Src kinase associates with a member of a distinct subfamily of protein-tyrosine phosphatases containing an ezrin-like domain". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 91 (16): 7477–81. Bibcode:1994PNAS...91.7477M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.91.16.7477 . PMC 44424 . PMID 7519780.
1 2 "Entrez Gene: PTPN21 protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 21".
↑ Jui HY, Tseng RJ, Wen X, Fang HI, Huang LM, Chen KY, Kung HJ, Ann DK, Shih HM (Dec 2000). "Protein-tyrosine phosphatase D1, a potential regulator and effector for Tec family kinases". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (52): 41124–32. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M007772200 . PMID 11013262.
↑ Dorner C, Ciossek T, Müller S, Møller PH, Ullrich A, Lammers R (Aug 1998). "Characterization of KIF1C, a new kinesin-like protein involved in vesicle transport from the Golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (32): 20267–75. doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.32.20267 . PMID 9685376.

Zeitlin AA, Heward JM, Brand OJ, Newby PR, Franklyn JA, Gough SC, Simmonds MJ (2007). "Use of Tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to screen PTPN21: no association with Graves' disease". Clin. Endocrinol. 65 (3): 380–4. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2006.02608.x. PMID 16918960. S2CID 19532757.
Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Yamashita R, Yamamoto J, Sekine M, Tsuritani K, Wakaguri H, Ishii S, Sugiyama T, Saito K, Isono Y, Irie R, Kushida N, Yoneyama T, Otsuka R, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Kondo H, Wagatsuma M, Murakawa K, Ishida S, Ishibashi T, Takahashi-Fujii A, Tanase T, Nagai K, Kikuchi H, Nakai K, Isogai T, Sugano S (2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Res. 16 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMC 1356129 . PMID 16344560.
Cardone L, Carlucci A, Affaitati A, Livigni A, DeCristofaro T, Garbi C, Varrone S, Ullrich A, Gottesman ME, Avvedimento EV, Feliciello A (2004). "Mitochondrial AKAP121 binds and targets protein tyrosine phosphatase D1, a novel positive regulator of src signaling". Mol. Cell. Biol. 24 (11): 4613–26. doi:10.1128/MCB.24.11.4613-4626.2004. PMC 416429 . PMID 15143158.
Jui HY, Tseng RJ, Wen X, Fang HI, Huang LM, Chen KY, Kung HJ, Ann DK, Shih HM (2001). "Protein-tyrosine phosphatase D1, a potential regulator and effector for Tec family kinases". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (52): 41124–32. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M007772200 . PMID 11013262.
Tokuchi H, Higashitsuji H, Nishiyama H, Nonoguchi K, Nagao T, Xue JH, Itoh K, Ogawa O, Fujita J (2000). "Expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP-RL10 and its isoform in the mouse testis". Int. J. Urol. 6 (11): 572–7. doi:10.1046/j.1442-2042.1999.611108.x. PMID 10585123. S2CID 38524556.
Dorner C, Ciossek T, Müller S, Møller PH, Ullrich A, Lammers R (1998). "Characterization of KIF1C, a new kinesin-like protein involved in vesicle transport from the Golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (32): 20267–75. doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.32.20267 . PMID 9685376.
Higashitsuji H, Arii S, Furutani M, Imamura M, Kaneko Y, Takenawa J, Nakayama H, Fujita J (1995). "Enhanced expression of multiple protein tyrosine phosphatases in the regenerating mouse liver: isolation of PTP-RL10, a novel cytoplasmic-type phosphatase with sequence homology to cytoskeletal protein 4.1". Oncogene. 10 (2): 407–14. PMID 7838537.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000070778 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021009 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid7519780-5] Møller NP, Møller KB, Lammers R, Kharitonenkov A, Sures I, Ullrich A (Sep 1994). "Src kinase associates with a member of a distinct subfamily of protein-tyrosine phosphatases containing an ezrin-like domain". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 91 (16): 7477–81. Bibcode:1994PNAS...91.7477M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.91.16.7477 . PMC 44424 . PMID 7519780.

[entrez-6] 1 2 "Entrez Gene: PTPN21 protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 21".

[pmid11013262-7] Jui HY, Tseng RJ, Wen X, Fang HI, Huang LM, Chen KY, Kung HJ, Ann DK, Shih HM (Dec 2000). "Protein-tyrosine phosphatase D1, a potential regulator and effector for Tec family kinases". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (52): 41124–32. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M007772200 . PMID 11013262.

[pmid9685376-8] Dorner C, Ciossek T, Müller S, Møller PH, Ullrich A, Lammers R (Aug 1998). "Characterization of KIF1C, a new kinesin-like protein involved in vesicle transport from the Golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (32): 20267–75. doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.32.20267 . PMID 9685376.

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PTPN21

Contents

Function

Interactions

Related Research Articles

References

Further reading