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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils . [1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks ( ichnites ), burrows , cast-off parts, fossilised feces ( coprolites ), palynomorphs and chemical residues . Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science . This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1836.
Taxon | Novelty | Status | Author(s) | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images | |
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Poekilopleuron bucklandii [2] | Gen. et sp. nov. | Valid | Jacques Amand Eudes-Deslongchamps | Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) | Calcaire de Caen | As shown in Ref., [3] the genus and species were first named and described by Jacques-Amand Eudes-Deslongchamps in a report published in 1836, based on holotype material that is now destroyed. In 1837, Eudes-Deslongchamps published a more detailed account of this discovery in a monograph [4] which was also inserted next year in volume 6 of the "Mémoires de la Société Linnéenne Normandie". [5] | |||
Palaeosaurus cylindrodon | Gen. et sp. nov. | Preoccupied genus, nomen dubium | Henry Riley, Samuel Stutchbury | Late Triassic, Rhaetian [6] | Durdham Down [6] | The name was preoccupied by a non-dinosaurian archosaur named by Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire in 1833. Palaeosaurus cylindrodon is the type species of the genus. [6] | |||
Palaeosaurus platyodon | Sp. nov. | Preoccupied genus, nomen dubium | Henry Riley, Samuel Stutchbury | Late Triassic, Rhaetian | Durdham Down | Second species of the preoccupied genus Palaeosaurus, later renamed into the separate genus Rileya . | |||
Gen. nov. | Valid | Henry Riley, Samuel Stutchbury | Durdham Down [6] | Thecodontosaurus is the fourth valid dinosaur genus named. It was first excavated by Riley and Stutchbury in 1834, and they published a preliminary description in 1835. When they assigned the remains to a new taxon, which they named Thecodontosaurus, they did not assign a species. The genus was not originally recognized as a dinosaur, with Riley and Stutchbury finding it a saurian. [6] | |||||
Megalosaurus is an extinct genus of large meat-eating theropod dinosaurs of the Middle Jurassic period of Southern England. Although fossils from other areas have been assigned to the genus, the only certain remains of Megalosaurus come from Oxfordshire and date to the late Middle Jurassic.
Streptospondylus is a genus of tetanuran theropod dinosaur known from the Late Jurassic period of France, 161 million years ago. It was a medium-sized predator with an estimated length of 6 meters and a weight of 500 kg (1,100lbs).
Poekilopleuron is a genus of megalosauroid dinosaur, which lived during the middle Bathonian of the Jurassic, about 168 to 166 million years ago. The genus has been used under many different spelling variants, although only one, Poekilopleuron, is valid. The type species is P. bucklandii, named after William Buckland, and many junior synonyms of it have also been erected. Few material is currently known, as the holotype was destroyed in World War II, although many casts of the material still exist.
Teleidosaurus is an extinct genus of carnivorous metriorhynchoid crocodyliform from Middle Jurassic deposits of Normandy, France. The name Teleidosaurus means "Complete lizard", and is derived from the Greek Teleidos- ("complete") and σαῦρος -sauros ("lizard").
Teleosaurus is an extinct genus of teleosaurid crocodyliform found in the Middle Jurassic Calcaire de Caen of France. It was approximately 3 metres (10 ft) in length. The holotype is MNHN AC 8746, a quarter of a skull. Other fragmentary specimens are known. A single species, T. cadomensis, exists. It was previously considered a wastebasket taxon, with many other remains assigned to the genus.
Pelagosaurus is an extinct genus of thalattosuchian crocodyliform that lived during the Toarcian stage of the Lower Jurassic, around 183 Ma to 175 Ma, in shallow epicontinental seas that covered much of what is now Western Europe. The systematic taxonomy of Pelagosaurus has been fiercely disputed over the years, and was assigned to Thalattosuchia after its systematics within Teleosauridae were disputed. Pelagosaurus measured 3 m (10 ft) in length with a weight of 450 kg (1000 lbs), and was markedly similar to the modern-day gharial, which has similar adaptions and carnivorous feeding habits.
Steneosaurus is a dubious genus of teleosaurid crocodyliform from the Middle or Late Jurassic of France. The genus has been used as a wastebasket taxon for thalattosuchian fossils for over two centuries, and almost all known historical species of teleosauroid have been included within it at one point. The genus has remained a wastebasket, with numerous species still included under the label ‘Steneosaurus’, many of which are unrelated to each other.
The Marnes de Dives is a geological formation in Normandy, France. It dates back to the upper part of the Callovian stage of the Middle Jurassic. And is partially equivalent to the Oxford Clay in England. It predominantly consists of ooidal marl, rich in pyrite and lignite, interbedded with thin limestone horizons. It is best exposed at the base of the Falaises des Vaches Noires as well as the foreshore at low tide. It is known for its fossils, notablity those of ammonites, marine crocodiles and fragmentary remains of dinosaurs, mostly theropods.
Arcisse de Caumont was a French historian and archaeologist.
Philippe-Charles or Philip Carel Schmerling was a Dutch/Belgian prehistorian, pioneer in paleontology, and geologist. He is often considered the founder of paleontology.
Jean-Pierre Sylvestre de Grateloup was a French physician and naturalist.
Eugène Eudes-Deslongchamps was a French paleontologist and naturalist born in Caen, the son of paleontologist Jacques Amand Eudes-Deslongchamps (1794–1867). He died at Château Matthieu, Calvados.
Bernard Renault was a French paleobotanist. He was a specialist in regard to the anatomy of Carboniferous and Permo-Carboniferous Era flora.
Charles-Théophile Gaudin was a Swiss paleontologist known for his research in the field of paleobotany.
Claude Jourdan was a French zoologist and paleontologist.
Thamnasteria is an genus of extinct stony corals.
Nicolas Robert Bouchard-Chantereaux was a French geologist and zoologist interested in malacology and marine biology. He was President de l'Administration du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle Boulogne.
Edme Lesauvage, was a French naturalist and physician in Caen. He wrote numerous papers on medical subjects as well as on natural history. His main interest was in palaeontology and especially the fossils of Calcaires de Caen.
The Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, otherwise known as BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering Earth sciences. The journal publishes articles, short communications, reviews, comments and replies. It is published by EDP Sciences and the editor-in-chief is Laurent Jolivet. The journal was established in 1830. It is a publication of the Société géologique de France. Most of the older content, published before 1924 is available online at the Biodiversity Heritage Library.
Seldsienean in an extinct genus of machimosaurid thalattosuchian from the Middle Jurassic of England and France. It is known from the Calcaire de Caen, the Great Oolite Formation, the Cornbrash Formation and the Forest Marble Formation.