| |||||||||||||||||
Registered | 456,981 | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Turnout | 45.87% (election invalid) | ||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
|
Presidential elections were held in the Republic of Montenegro on 22 December 2002. [1]
The elections were boycotted by the opposition Socialist People's Party, who accused the ruling Democratic Party of Socialists of pressurising civil servants to vote for Vujanović. [2] The elections were also overshadowed by the arrest of Deputy State Attorney Zoran Piperović for connections with human trafficking and forced prostitution. [2]
Although Dragan Hajduković was a member of the Greens of Montenegro, he ran as an independent.
Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Filip Vujanović | Democratic Party of Socialists | 175,328 | 85.73 | |
Dragan Hajduković | Independent | 12,319 | 6.02 | |
Aleksandar Vasiljević | Serbian Radical Party | 6,448 | 3.15 | |
Milo Radulović | Natural Law Party | 3,115 | 1.52 | |
Obrad Marković | Yugoslav Communists | 1,747 | 0.85 | |
Jovan Pejović | Independent | 1,704 | 0.83 | |
Milan Šparović | Independent | 1,229 | 0.60 | |
Ilija Darmanović | Serbian Radical Party of Montenegro | 971 | 0.47 | |
Milivoje Bakić | Independent | 717 | 0.35 | |
Đorđije Milić | Independent | 489 | 0.24 | |
Mihailo Marković | Independent | 437 | 0.21 | |
Total | 204,504 | 100.00 | ||
Valid votes | 204,504 | 97.57 | ||
Invalid/blank votes | 5,094 | 2.43 | ||
Total votes | 209,598 | 100.00 | ||
Registered voters/turnout | 456,981 | 45.87 | ||
Source: IFES |
Although Filip Vujanović won the election with 86% of the vote, turnout was less than the required 50%, so the election was declared invalid. [1] Fresh elections were held in February 2003, which were also invalidated, and then again in May when the turnout rule was abolished.
The Politics of Serbia and Montenegro, known as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, later renamed as Serbia and Montenegro, took place in a framework of a federal parliamentary republic with a multi-party system, and after 2003, in the context of a confederation. The president was head of state and, following constitutional reforms in 2003, simultaneously head of government. Executive power was exercised by the Council of Ministers. Federal legislative power was vested in the Serbia-Montenegro Parliament.
The Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro is a populist political party in Montenegro. A former long-time ruling party sitting at the opposition for the first time as of 2020, it was formed on 22 June 1991 as the successor of the League of Communists of Montenegro, which had governed Montenegro within the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia since World War II, and has remained a major force in the country ever since. The party is a member of the Socialist International and the Progressive Alliance, and an associate of the Party of European Socialists. During the 1990s, DPS was the major centre-left, social-democratic party in favour of Serbian-Montenegrin unionism. However, since 1997, the party has embraced Montenegrin independence and has been improving ties with the West, slowly turning into a catch-all party embracing Atlanticism, Montenegrin nationalism, neoliberalism, and pro-Europeanism.
Milo Đukanović is a Montenegrin politician who served as the president of Montenegro from 2018 to 2023, previously serving in the role from 1998 to 2002. He also served as the prime minister of Montenegro and was the long-term president of the Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro, originally the Montenegrin branch of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, which governed Montenegro alone or in a coalition from the introduction of multi-party politics in the early 1990s until its defeat in the 2020 parliamentary election. He is the longest-ruling contemporary politician in Europe, having held key positions in the country for over 33 years. However, he was defeated by the 36-year-old centrist former economy minister, Jakov Milatović, after the presidential run-off held on 2 April 2023.
Filip Vujanović is a Montenegrin politician who served as the 3rd president of the Republic of Montenegro under Serbia and Montenegro from 2003 to 2006, and the 1st president of independent Montenegro from 2006 to 2018.
Liberal Alliance of Montenegro was a Montenegrin separatist, liberal and anti-war political party, active between 1990 and 2005. The Liberal Alliance was a full member of the Liberal International from 1994 until the party's dissolution in 2005.
Bangladesh elects on national level a legislature with one house or chamber. The unicameral Jatiyo Sangshad, meaning national parliament, has 350 members of which 300 members are directly elected through a national election for a five-year term in single-seat constituencies while 50 memberships are reserved for the women who are selected by the ruling party or coalition. The Prime Minister is the head of the government. The president who is the head of the state is elected by the National Parliament. The president of Bangladesh is a ceremonial post and does not exercise any control over the running of the state.
Elections in Lithuania are held to select members of the parliament, the president, members of the municipal councils and mayors, as well as delegates to the European Parliament. Lithuanian citizens can also vote in mandatory or consultative referendums.
The European Montenegro was the ruling political alliance in Montenegro headed by Milo Đukanović's Democratic Party of Socialists (DPS).
Presidential elections were held in Montenegro on 11 May 2003. They were the third such elections in six months, as those held in December 2002 and February 2003 had been declared invalid due to voter turnouts of less than 50%. For the May election, the turnout rule was abolished. The result was a victory for Filip Vujanović, who was nominated by the Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro and Social Democratic Party of Montenegro, who received 64.2% of the vote. Vujanović had also won both previous votes by a large margin. The elections were boycotted by the opposition Together for Change coalition.
An independence referendum was held in Montenegro on 21 May 2006. It was approved by 55.5% of voters, narrowly passing the 55% threshold. By 23 May preliminary referendum results were recognized by all five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, suggesting widespread international recognition if Montenegro were to become formally independent. On 31 May the referendum commission officially confirmed the results of the referendum, verifying that 55.5% of the population of Montenegrin voters had voted in favor of independence. Because voters met the controversial threshold requirement of 55% approval, the referendum was incorporated into a declaration of independence during a special parliamentary session on 31 May. The Assembly of the Republic of Montenegro made a formal Declaration of Independence on Saturday 3 June.
A constitutional referendum was held in Serbia on 28 and 29 October 2006, in which voters decided on adopting a new Constitution. The constitution is Serbia's first as an independent state since the Kingdom of Serbia's 1903 constitution. Over 6.6 million people were entitled to vote in the national referendum.
The Greens of Montenegro was a short-lived green politics party in Montenegro. It was officially registered in the government as a non-governmental organisation (NGO). It was founded at the Institutional conference held on 2 February 2002 and was registered as a NGO on 21 March 2002. NGO founder and most prominent member was Montenegrin physicist Dragan Hajduković, who was a candidate for the President of Montenegro in December 2002 and February 2003, both elections were declared invalid due to low turnout, and finally in May 2003, when he won the third place with 4.4% of votes.
Parliamentary elections were held in Montenegro on 22 April 2001. The result was a victory for the Victory is of Montenegro alliance formed by the Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro and the Social Democratic Party of Montenegro, which won 36 of the 77 seats.
General elections were held in Montenegro, at the time a constituent republic of Yugoslavia, on 20 December 1992. A second round of the presidential election was held on 10 January 1993. The elections were seen as a referendum on independence for Montenegro, and were won by then Serbian-Montenegrin unionist centre-left Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro who also favoured greater autonomy within federation with Serbia. The presidential elections were won by the DPS leader Momir Bulatović, who received 63% of the vote in the second round. The result of the parliamentary elections was a victory for the Democratic Party of Socialists which succeed ruling League of Communists. DPS won 46 of the 85 seats.
Early presidential elections were held in the Republic of Montenegro on 9 February 2003, after the December 2002 elections had been declared invalid due to insufficient voter turnout.
Presidential elections were held in Montenegro on 6 April 2008, the first after independence in 2006. The result was a victory for incumbent President Filip Vujanović, who received 52% of the vote.
Miodrag "Miko" Živković is a Montenegrin politician. He is a former president of the Liberal Alliance of Montenegro until he was expelled after allegations of corruption in what is known as Trsteno Affair. Following the expulsion he founded Liberal Party of Montenegro, and later the Montenegrin Democratic Union.
Early parliamentary elections were held in Montenegro on 29 March 2009. In addition to elections for the unicameral Parliament of Montenegro, concurrent local elections were held in Nikšić and Budva, as well as municipal presidential elections in Herceg Novi and Tivat. The parliamentary elections were the eighth since the reintroduction of multi-party system in 1990, and the second since regaining full independence in 2006.
Presidential elections were held in Montenegro on 7 April 2013. Incumbent President Filip Vujanović of the Democratic Party of Socialists (DPS) was challenged by independent candidate Miodrag Lekić, who was a common candidate endorsed by the opposition.
General elections were held in the Republic of Serbia on 21 September 1997 to elect the President and National Assembly. With no presidential candidate receiving over 50% of the vote in the first round, a second round was held on 5 October. Running on a platform of Serbian nationalism and neoliberal economic reforms, Vojislav Šešelj of the Serbian Radical Party received the most votes. However voter turnout was only 48%, below the required 50%. As a result, the elections were annulled, and fresh elections were scheduled for December.