The Japanese political process has three types of elections: general elections to the House of Representatives held every four years, elections to the House of Councillors held every three years to choose half of its members, and local elections held every four years for offices in prefectures and municipalities. Elections are supervised by Election Administration Commissions at each administrative level under the general direction of the Central Election Management Council, an extraordinary organ attached to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC). The minimum voting age in Japan's non-compulsory electoral system was reduced from twenty to eighteen years in June 2016. Voters must satisfy a three-month residency requirement before being allowed to cast a ballot.
Tokyo 18th district is a constituency of the House of Representatives in the Diet of Japan. It is located in western Tokyo and consists of the cities of Musashino, Koganei and Fuchū. Until 2002, it included Mitaka instead of Fuchū. As of 2016, 436,338 eligible voters were registered in the district.
Hokkaidō 5th district is a constituency of the House of Representatives in the Diet of Japan. It consists of Atsubetsu ward in Hokkaido's city of Sapporo and Ishikari Subprefecture without Sapporo. As of 2009, 453,752 eligible voters were registered in the district.
Fukushima 3rd district is a single-member constituency of the House of Representatives in the Diet of Japan. It is located in Southern Fukushima and consists of the cities of Shirakawa, Sukagawa, Tamura and the Iwase, Nishishirakawa, Higashishirakawa, Ishikawa and Tamura counties. As of 2012, 293,378 eligible voters were registered in the district.
Hokkaidō 7th district is a single-member constituency of the House of Representatives in the Diet of Japan. It is located in Japan's northernmost prefecture Hokkaidō. In a 2002 redistricting and reapportionment, Hokkaidō lost one seat and what had been the Hokkaido 13th district in the 1996 and 2000 general elections was renamed the 7th district. The previous 7th district was split up: the largest part merged into the 6th district and the remaining areas merged into the 10th and 12th districts.
Hokkaidō 1st district is a single-member constituency of the House of Representatives, the lower house of the national Diet of Japan. It is located in Western Hokkaidō and consists of Sapporo city's Chūō ("Centre"), Minami ("South") and Nishi ("West") wards. As of 2015, 493,140 eligible voters were registered in the district, giving it the lowest electoral weight in Hokkaidō.
Ishikawa 2nd district is a single-member constituency of the House of Representatives, the lower house of the national Diet of Japan. It is located in Southern Ishikawa and covers the cities of Komatsu, Kaga, Nomi, Hakusan, Nonoichi and the Nomi county with only one remaining municipality: Kawakita town. As of 2012, 318,892 eligible voters were registered in the district giving it slightly above average voting weight.
The 23rd Elections to the House of Councillors for the upper house of the National Diet, the legislature of Japan, was held on July 21, 2013. In the last election in 2010, the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) remained the largest party, but the DPJ-led ruling coalition lost its majority. The House of Councillors is elected by halves to six year terms. In 2013, the class of Councillors elected in 2007 was up.
Ōsaka 10th district is a single-member electoral district of the House of Representatives, the lower house of the national Diet of Japan. It is located in northeastern Osaka and consists of Takatsuki city and Shimamoto town, the only remaining municipality of Mishima county. As of 2016, 321,805 eligible voters were registered in the district.
This article presents detailed results of the 2012 Japanese general election. It lists all elected Representatives in the 300 single-member districts and the 11 regional proportional representation (PR) blocks. Subsequent by-elections and the PR block replacement candidates to be elected later without additional vote in cases of death, resignation or disqualification (kuriage-tōsen) are not listed.
Hokkaidō 2nd district is a single-member electoral district for the House of Representatives, the lower house of the National Diet of Japan. It is located in the prefecture (-dō) of Hokkaidō and consists of two wards (-ku) of the prefectural capital, the city (-shi) of Sapporo: Kita ("North") and Higashi ("East"). As of 2013, 444,440 eligible voters were registered in the district.
The 48th general election of members of the House of Representatives took place on 22 October 2017. Voting took place in all Representatives constituencies of Japan – 289 single-member districts and eleven proportional blocks – in order to appoint all 465 members of the House of Representatives, the lower house of the then 707-member bicameral National Diet of Japan. Incumbent Prime Minister Shinzō Abe's governing coalition of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and the Komeito party retained their seats in signs of what was perceived as weak opposition. The PM won his fourth term in office and held on to the two-thirds supermajority in order to implement policies on revising the war-renouncing Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution.
The 24th regular election of members of the House of Councillors was held on Sunday 10 July 2016 to elect 121 of the 242 members of the House of Councillors, the upper house of the 717-member bicameral National Diet of Japan, for a term of six years. As a result of the election, the LDP/Komeito coalition gained ten seats for a total of 146, the largest coalition achieved since the size of the house was set at 242 seats.
A by-election for the Hokkaido-5th seat in the Japanese House of Representatives was held on 24 April 2016, coinciding with another by-election in Kyoto. The by-election was triggered by the death of the sitting member, former Speaker of the House and Foreign Minister Nobutaka Machimura from cerebral infarction in Osaka on 1 June 2015. Machimura, a member of the Liberal Democratic Party, was a long-serving representative for the district, holding the seat almost continuously between 1996 and 2015. The seat has been considered safe for the LDP, with Machimura retaining it on a 14.1% margin in the 2014 general election.
Okinawa 3rd district is a constituency of the House of Representatives in the Diet of Japan. It is located in Okinawa Prefecture and encompasses the cities of Nago, Okinawa, Uruma, Kunigami District and parts of Shimajiri District. As of 2016, 312,171 eligible voters were registered in the district.
Maki Ikeda is a Japanese politician of the Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan and a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet. Ikeda represents Hokkaido through the Hokkaido PR block.
A by-election for the Okinawa 3rd district in the Japanese House of Representatives was held on 21 April 2019. The seat became vacant following the candidacy and election of its representative, Denny Tamaki to the governorship of Okinawa Prefecture. Tamaki was one of the two representatives from the Liberal Party in the House. He had served the district almost continuously since 2009 and defended the seat by a 17.56% margin in the 2017 election. The by-election was held on the same day with the second round of the unified local elections and another House by-election in the Osaka 12th district. The Okinawa-wide referendum in February influenced the by-election campaign.
