Next Japanese general election

Next Japanese general election

←  2026 On or before 8 February 2030
All 465 seats in the House of Representatives 233 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
Leader Sanae Takaichi Junya Ogawa Hirofumi Yoshimura Fumitake Fujita Party LDP Centrist Reform Ishin Leader since 4 October 2025 13 February 2026 1 December 2024 8 August 2025 Leader's seat Nara 2nd Kagawa 1st Did not stand [a] Osaka 12th Last election 316 seats 49 seats 36 seats   Leader Yuichiro Tamaki Sohei Kamiya Takahiro Anno Party DPP Sanseitō Team Mirai Leader since 7 May 2018 17 March 2020 8 May 2025 Leader's seat Kagawa 2nd Did not stand [b] Did not stand [b] Last election 28 seats 15 seats 11 seats   Leader Tomoko Tamura Taro Yamamoto Kazuhiro Haraguchi Takashi Kawamura Party JCP Reiwa Genzei–Yukoku Leader since 18 January 2024 1 April 2019 24 January 2026 Leader's seat Tokyo PR Did not stand Did not stand Aichi 1st Last election 4 seats 1 seat 1 seat
Incumbent Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi LDP

A general election is scheduled to be held in Japan no later than 8 February 2030 to elect all 465 seats of the House of Representatives, the lower house of the National Diet. Voting will take place in all constituencies, including 289 single-seat electoral districts and 11 proportional blocks (176 seats). ^[1] An election may occur before the scheduled date if the Prime Minister of Japan dissolves Parliament for a snap election or if the House of Representatives passes a motion of no confidence in the government.

Background

Premiership of Sanae Takaichi

See also: 2026 Japanese general election, Premiership of Sanae Takaichi, and Takaichi Cabinet

The 2026 general election resulted in the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) regaining its majority, which it had lost in 2024, securing the largest seat count in the party's 71-year history and a two-third supermajority in the lower house. The Liberal Democratic Party–Japan Innovation Party coalition (LDP–JIP) further held three-fourths of the total seats in the House of Representatives. ^[2]

Electoral system

The 465 seats of the House of Representatives are contested via parallel voting. Of these, 289 members are elected in single-member constituencies using first-past-the-post voting, while 176 members are elected in 11 multi-member constituencies via party list proportional representation. Candidates from parties with legal political party-list, which requires either ≥5 Diet members or ≥1 Diet member and ≥2% of the nationwide vote in one tier of a recent national election, are allowed to stand in a constituency and be present on the party list. If they lose their constituency vote, they may still be elected in the proportionally allocated seats; however, if such a dual candidate wins less than 10% of the vote in their majoritarian constituency, they are also disqualified as a proportional candidate.

Notes

1. Yoshimura ran in the concurrent 2026 Osaka gubernatorial election
2. Sits in the House of Councillors for the national PR block

References

1. "Senkyo no shurui 1. Shūgiingiinsōsenkyo" 選挙の種類 1.衆議院議員総選挙 [Types of elections 1. General Election for the House of Representatives]. MIC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. 2026. Archived from the original on 13 February 2026. Retrieved 13 February 2026.
2. Ushiyama, Rin (9 February 2026). "Japan's ruling party secures historic election victory – but challenges lie ahead". The Conversation. Archived from the original on 13 February 2026. Retrieved 13 February 2026.